Investigating the Cell Division Protein FtsZ and Its Regulation in Bacillus Subtilis PDF Download
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Author: Phoebe Coral Peters
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bacillus subtilis
Languages : en
Pages : 313
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Book Description
Author: Phoebe Coral Peters
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bacillus subtilis
Languages : en
Pages : 313
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Book Description
Author: Jan Löwe
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 331953047X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 457
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Book Description
This book describes the structures and functions of active protein filaments, found in bacteria and archaea, and now known to perform crucial roles in cell division and intra-cellular motility, as well as being essential for controlling cell shape and growth. These roles are possible because the cytoskeletal and cytomotive filaments provide long range order from small subunits. Studies of these filaments are therefore of central importance to understanding prokaryotic cell biology. The wide variation in subunit and polymer structure and its relationship with the range of functions also provide important insights into cell evolution, including the emergence of eukaryotic cells. Individual chapters, written by leading researchers, review the great advances made in the past 20-25 years, and still ongoing, to discover the architectures, dynamics and roles of filaments found in relevant model organisms. Others describe one of the families of dynamic filaments found in many species. The most common types of filament are deeply related to eukaryotic cytoskeletal proteins, notably actin and tubulin that polymerise and depolymerise under the control of nucleotide hydrolysis. Related systems are found to perform a variety of roles, depending on the organisms. Surprisingly, prokaryotes all lack the molecular motors associated with eukaryotic F-actin and microtubules. Archaea, but not bacteria, also have active filaments related to the eukaryotic ESCRT system. Non-dynamic fibres, including intermediate filament-like structures, are known to occur in some bacteria.. Details of known filament structures are discussed and related to what has been established about their molecular mechanisms, including current controversies. The final chapter covers the use of some of these dynamic filaments in Systems Biology research. The level of information in all chapters is suitable both for active researchers and for advanced students in courses involving bacterial or archaeal physiology, molecular microbiology, structural cell biology, molecular motility or evolution. Chapter 3 of this book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license.
Author: Pamela Gamba
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 177
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Book Description
Author: Peter Graumann
Publisher: Caister Academic Press Limited
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 480
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Book Description
Bacillus subtilis is one of the best understood prokaryotes in terms of molecular biology and cell biology. Its superb genetic amenability and relatively large size have provided powerful tools to investigate a bacterium in all possible aspects. Recent improvements in technology have provided novel and amazing insights into the dynamic structure of this single cell organism. The organism is a model for differentiation, gene/protein regulation, and cell cycle events in bacteria. This book presents an overview of the most recent exciting new research fields and provides a picture of the major cytological aspects of a model bacterium. The authors present the most recent knowledge on topics, such as the replication and segregation of the chromosome, cell division, replication and growth, the cell cycle, transcription, translation, regulation, the actin cyctoskeleton, the cell membrane and cell wall, biofilm formation, and sporulation. Also covered are DNA repair, the regulation of transcription through RNA molecules, and the regulation of protein activity through proteolysis. The authors seamlessly merge the fields of bacterial cell biology and molecular biology to provide an integral view of the bacterial cell, providing an understanding of the way a bacterial cell functions as a whole entity and in 3D, i.e. how it is spatially organized, and even how bacterial cells communicate with each other, or give their life for the sake of the whole community. This is an essential book for anyone interested in Bacillus, cell biology, bacterial genetics, and molecular biology.
Author: Daniel P. Haeusser
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 378
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Book Description
Author: Yuanchen Yu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bacillus subtilis
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Bacteria grow and divide by a process called binary fission, in which cells increase in mass and divide in the middle to produce two identical daughter cells. The mechanisms governing growth and cell division-site selection are complex, but the two primary systems involved are the Min and Noc systems. We used a programmable microfluidic device with an integrated microchannel array to quantitatively measure parameters of growth and dynamic localization of the cell division initiation protein, FtsZ, in the min and noc mutants and min noc double mutant of Bacillus subtilis. We found in the min mutant, FtsZ persisted at the division site indefinitely, much longer than in the wild type, which suggests the primary function of the Min system is in FtsZ-ring disassembly. The inability to disassemble and recycle FtsZ at the division site resulted in an increase in cell size. Moreover, we showed that Min system may have a secondary role in spatiotemporal regulation of peptidoglycan remodeling. In the noc mutant, a decondensed spiral-like intermediate of FtsZ was observed over nucleoids; however, the spiral structures did not appear to form de novo but rather split from pre-existing FtsZ rings and migrated to the future site of cell division, which indicates the function of Noc system is to corral the FtsZ ring by preventing protofilaments from leaving a Z-ring undergoing cytokinesis and traveling over the nucleoid. While neither the Min system, nor the Noc system is essential when distrupted on their own, simultaneously disrupting both systems in the cell is lethal at high temperature (e.g., 37 °C). The high-temperature viability to the min noc double mutant can be restored by disruption of a variety of genes and half of those are involved in the proteolytic regulation of the global transcription factor Spx. We found that elevated Spx levels increased the expression of the FtsZ-crosslinking protein ZapA, a condition that suppressed the absence of Noc. Moreover, we found that ClpX inhibited another pathway that is Spx-independent and acted downstream of FtsZ localization, likely at the level of the divisome, to increase the rate of cytokinesis.
Author: Edward A de Koning
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789402818666
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 218
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Book Description
Author: Lucy Shapiro
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780879699079
Category : Bacteria
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Often thought to lack signifucant internal organization by comparison with eukaryotic cells, prokaryotes have in face been shown to possess distinct intracellular compartments. The book covers all aspects of prokaryotic cell biology, including the bacterial cytoskeleton, membrance organization, chromosome dynamics, nucleic acid processing and dynamics, as well as various methods.
Author: Byung Hong Kim
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107171733
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 509
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Book Description
Extensive and up-to-date review of key metabolic processes in bacteria and archaea and how metabolism is regulated under various conditions.
Author: Michael L. Vasil
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology Press
ISBN: 1555816762
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1189
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Book Description
A comprehensive compendium of scholarly contributions relating to bacterial virulence gene regulation. • Provides insights into global control and the switch between distinct infectious states (e.g., acute vs. chronic). • Considers key issues about the mechanisms of gene regulation relating to: surface factors, exported toxins and export mechanisms. • Reflects on how the regulation of intracellular lifestyles and the response to stress can ultimately have an impact on the outcome of an infection. • Highlights and examines some emerging regulatory mechanisms of special significance. • Serves as an ideal compendium of valuable topics for students, researchers and faculty with interests in how the mechanisms of gene regulation ultimately affect the outcome of an array of bacterial infectious diseases.
