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Author: Erik Michael Freer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 472
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Book Description
Author: Erik Michael Freer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 472
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Book Description
Author: Reinhard Miller
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9004175865
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 699
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Book Description
This is the first book on interfacial rheology. It aims to describe both its history as well as the current, most frequently used experimental techniques for studying dilational and shear rheology of layers at liquid/gas and liquid/liquid interfaces. The book opens with a chapter on the fundamentals of interfacial rheology. All (16) contributions include the theoretical basis for the presented methodologies, and experimental examples are given.
Author: Aditya Jaishankar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 122
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Book Description
Protein-surfactant mixtures appear in many industrial and biological applications. Indeed, a fluid as vital as blood contains a mixture of serum albumin proteins with various other smaller surface-active components. Proteins and other surface active molecules are often adsorbed at an air-liquid or liquid-liquid interface due to favorable thermodynamics, and these interfaces play a role in such diverse fields as stabilizing foams and emulsions, controlling high speed coatings, the blood clotting process, designing synthetic replacements of biological fluids, etc. It is thus important to understand the interfacial behavior of protein-surfactant mixtures, especially the role it can play in bulk measurements of material properties. A complete description of the dynamics of these multi-component systems is still elusive. In this thesis, a comprehensive study of the rheology of a model globular protein solution is described. In conventional bulk rheological studies of globular protein solutions a yield-like behavior and shear thinning in the viscosity at low shear rates is observed, even for concentrations as low as 0.03% by weight. Typical explanations for this yield stress involve the introduction of long range colloidal forces that are stronger than electrostatic forces, and which stabilize a colloidal structure formed by the protein molecules. However, evidence for this structure from small angle X-ray scattering and small angle neutron scattering is lacking. In the first part of this thesis, it will be shown using interfacial steady and oscillatory shear experiments how the yield-like behavior observed in bulk rheology in fact arises out of a purely interfacial effect. We show that the yield-like behavior and shear-thinning observed in bulk rheology can be modeled by treating the interfacial layer of the adsorbed protein as a pure plastic material that yields at a critical strain. This model also accounts for the geometric dependence seen in bulk rheology experiments. The second part of this thesis investigates the rheological consequences of adding low molecular weight surfactants to globular protein solutions. Because non-ionic surfactants compete for the interface with the protein molecules, the resulting dynamics at the fluid interface can be complex. In addition to steady and oscillatory interfacial shear rheology, a new phenomenon called interfacial creep ringing-a term used to denote the periodic oscillations arising from the coupling between instrument inertia and interface elasticity-arises. It is demonstrated how these damped inertioelastic oscillations can be used to rapidly estimate interfacial viscoelastic moduli and also study the effect of the addition of non-ionic surfactants to globular protein solutions. We show that exploiting the interfacial creep ringing technique is useful as a way to rapidly determine the effects of interfacial viscoelasticity. It is also observed that increasing the concentration of the competing surfactant leads to progressively decreasing ringing frequencies and amplitudes, until visible ringing completely disappears beyond a certain concentration. Finally, we indicate future avenues of work including surface particle tracking to study these complex dynamics of protein surfactant mixtures.
Author: An Josephine Julia Goffin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 200
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Book Description
Author: Sabu Thomas
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128169567
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 324
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Book Description
Rheology of Polymer Blends and Nanocomposites: Theory, Modelling and Applications focuses on rheology in polymer nanocomposites. It provides readers with a solid grounding in the fundamentals of rheology, with an emphasis on recent advancements. Chapters explore potential future applications for nanocomposites and polymer blends, giving readers a thorough understanding of the specific features derived from rheology as a tool for the study of polymer blends and nanocomposites. This book is ideal for industrial and academic researchers in the field of polymer blends and nanocomposites, but is also a great resource for anyone who wants to learn about the applications of rheology. Sets out the principles of rheology as it is applied to polymer blends and nanocomposites Demonstrates how rheological techniques are best applied to different classes of nanocomposites Assesses the opportunities and major challenges of rheological approaches to polymer blends and nanocomposites
Author: Howard Brenner
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483292274
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 577
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Book Description
This textbook is designed to provide the theory, methods of measurement, and principal applications of the expanding field of interfacial hydrodynamics. It is intended to serve the research needs of both academic and industrial scientists, including chemical or mechanical engineers, material and surface scientists, physical chemists, chemical and biophysicists, rheologists, physiochemical hydrodynamicists, and applied mathematicians (especially those with interests in viscous fluid mechanics and continuum mechanics).As a textbook it provides materials for a one- or two-semester graduate-level course in interfacial transport processes. It may also be noted that, while separate practical and theoretical subdivisions of material have been introduced, a kind of cross-emphasis is often stressed: (i) to the academic scientist, or the importance of understanding major applications of interfacial transport; and (ii) to the industrial scientist, of the importance of understanding the underlying theory.
Author: Younes El Omari
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The work of this thesis deals with the interfacial rheology in shear and in extension of polymeric systems. Initially, we chose to study model systems based on PIB poly (isobutylene) and PDMS poly (dimethylsiloxane). These polymers have the advantage of being liquid at room temperature. For this purpose, a cell for measuring interfacial properties has been developed in our laboratory. It allows to study the surface and interface properties at high temperatures up to 200 °C. Thus, we were able to study the interfacial properties according to the steady and oscillatory regime of these model systems by highlighting the influence of the molar mass and the temperature. These studies were then transposed to semi-crystalline molten polymers such as PEG poly (ethylene glycol) and PCL poly (caprolactone). In a second step, we studied and analyzed the interfacial elongational rheological properties of the model systems, by means of interfacial dilational rheology via the oscillating pendant drop method. In addition, the relaxation of surfaces / interfaces was studied by the "pulse" method and using the capillary breakup extensional rheometer (CaBER). The interfacial rheological quantities in elongation of model systems of different molar masses and under different temperatures were obtained. They were then compared with those measured in shear and analyzed according to the interfacial Trouton ratio. In the last part of the thesis, we have shown that the interfacial shear rheology allows to probe the chemical reaction at the interfaces of a polymeric melt system : PEgMA Poly (Ethylene Grafted Maleic Anhydride) / PDMS-(PropNH2)2, Poly (Dimethyl Siloxane Amino Propyl terminated). In addition, the study of the dynamic interfacial tension allowed the monitoring of the kinetics of the interfacial reaction of the reactive systems of different molar masses and at different temperatures. Finally, the studies of interfacial rheology are very relevant to probe in-situ the interfaces and/or interphases of molten polymer systems. The methodologies thus established and used are very innovative and overcome major scientific and technological barriers.
Author: Silvia E. H. J. van Kempen
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789461737328
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 238
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Book Description
Author: Ronald G. Larson
Publisher: OUP USA
ISBN: 9780195121971
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 688
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Book Description
The Structure and Rheology of Complex Fluids describes the microstructures of polymeric, colloidal, amphiphilic, and liquid crystalline liquids, and the relationship between microstructure and mechanical and flow properties. It provides illustrations, practical examples, and worked problems. This book can serve as both a textbook for a graduate course and a research monograph.
Author: Huagui Zhang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Fundamental studies have been devoted in this work to probe and modelize the interfacial phenomena at multilayered polymer systems based on two model compatible polymers of PVDF and PMMA with varying molar masses. Linear and nonlinear rheology have been demonstrated to be sensitive to the presence of diffuse interphase triggered from interdiffusion at polymer/polymer interface. Firstly, the interdiffusion kinetics as well as the development of the interphase decoupled to flow as generated at a symmetrical (self diffusion) and an asymmetrical (mutual diffusion) bilayer have been investigated using small-amplitude oscillatory shear measurements. Results were analyzed according to Doi-Edwards theory (tube model) and the effects of annealing factors as well as structural properties on the diffusion kinetics have been studied. The PMMA/PVDF mixtures have been examined to be a couple of weak thermorheological complexity, owning close monomeric friction coefficients of each species in the present experimental conditions. Based on this physics, a new rheological model was developed to quantify the interdiffusion coefficients by taking into account the component dynamics in mixed state and the concept of interfacial rheology. Rheological and geometrical properties of the interphase have been able to be quantified through this model, as validated by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Secondly, experiments of step strain, startup in simple shear and in uni-axial extension have been carried out on the PMMA/PVDF multilayer structures. An original model was proposed to fit the stress relaxation behavior of multilayer structures and to estimate the relaxation behavior of the interphase. Lack of entanglement at the interface and weak entanglement intensity at the diffuse interphase make them to be subsequently readily to suffer from interfacial yielding even interfacial failure during and after continuous large deformations. Interphase delays the interfacial yielding to a larger external deformation or a higher deformation rate. Besides, elongational properties of the multilayer structures have been shown to be a function of composition as controlled by layer number(interfacial area) and interphase properties (rheology related to entanglement intensity). Finally, the diffuse interphase development coupled to flow in practical coextrusion process has been considered. The compromising result between negative effect of chain orientation and favorable effect of flow on diffusion kinetics gives rise to a broadening interphase after coextrusion. Presence of the diffuse interphase was demonstrated to significantly weaken (or even eliminate) the viscous and elastic instabilities despite of the high rheological contrast. Hence, this work gives guidelines on the key role of the interphase plays in structure-property-processing relationships.
