American Trypanosomiasis

American Trypanosomiasis PDF Author: Jenny Telleria
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0123848776
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 871

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Book Description
Chagas disease causes severe socioeconomic impact and a high medical cost in Latin America. WHO and the World Bank consider Chagas disease as the fourth most transmittable disease to have a major impact on public health in Latin America: 120 million persons are potentially exposed, 16 to 18 million of whom are presently infected, causing 45,000 to 50,000 deaths per year. It has been calculated that approximately 2.4 million potential working years are lost because of incapacity and mortality due to the disease, for an annual cost estimated at 20 billion Euros. American Trypanosomiasis provides a comprehensive overview of Chagas disease and discusses the latest discoveries concerning the three elements that compose the transmission chain of the disease: - The host: human and mammalian reservoirs - The insect vectors: domestic and sylvatic vectors - The causative parasite: Trypanosoma cruzi - Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field - Contributions from leading authorities and industry experts

American Trypanosomiasis

American Trypanosomiasis PDF Author: Jenny Telleria
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0123848776
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 871

Get Book Here

Book Description
Chagas disease causes severe socioeconomic impact and a high medical cost in Latin America. WHO and the World Bank consider Chagas disease as the fourth most transmittable disease to have a major impact on public health in Latin America: 120 million persons are potentially exposed, 16 to 18 million of whom are presently infected, causing 45,000 to 50,000 deaths per year. It has been calculated that approximately 2.4 million potential working years are lost because of incapacity and mortality due to the disease, for an annual cost estimated at 20 billion Euros. American Trypanosomiasis provides a comprehensive overview of Chagas disease and discusses the latest discoveries concerning the three elements that compose the transmission chain of the disease: - The host: human and mammalian reservoirs - The insect vectors: domestic and sylvatic vectors - The causative parasite: Trypanosoma cruzi - Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field - Contributions from leading authorities and industry experts

Molecular Mechanisms of Parasite Invasion

Molecular Mechanisms of Parasite Invasion PDF Author: Barbara A. Burleigh
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387782672
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 255

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Book Description
All of the parasitic organisms highlighted in this new book represent medically important human pathogens that contribute significantly to the global burden of disease. As such there is intense interest in understanding the molecular basis of infection by these pathogens—not only with regard to their clinical relevance but also the fascinating biology they reveal. For most of the parasites discussed here the ability to penetrate biological barriers and/or to establish intracellular residence is critical to survival of the pathogen in the mammalian hosts. For other parasites, a tissue invasive phenotype is a key virulence determinant. In the ensuing 18 chapters, select members of this diverse set of protozoan parasites, as well as some examples of the extremely reduced fungal parasites classified as Microsporidia, are discussed within the context of the fascinating molecular strategies employed by these organisms to migrate across biological barriers and to establish residence within target host cells.

Interaction of Trypanosoma cruzi with Host Cells

Interaction of Trypanosoma cruzi with Host Cells PDF Author: Wanderley De Souza
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
ISBN: 2889193373
Category : Immunologic diseases. Allergy
Languages : en
Pages : 98

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Book Description
Trypanosoma cruzi is a pathogenic protozoan of the Trypanosomatidade Family, which is the etiological agent of Chagas’ disease. Chagas’ disease stands out for being endemic among countries in Latin America, affecting about 15 million people. Recently, Chagas has become remarkable in European countries as well due to cases of transmission via infected blood transfusion. An important factor that has exacerbated the epidemiological picture in Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela is infection after the oral intake of contaminated foods such as sugar cane, açai and bacaba juices. Trypanosoma cruzi is an intracellular protozoan that exhibits a complex life cycle, involving multiple developmental stages found in both vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. In vertebrate hosts, the trypomastigote form invades a large variety of nucleated cells using multiple mechanisms. The invasion process involves several steps: (a) attraction of the protozoan to interact with the host cell surface; (b) parasite-host cell recognition; (c) adhesion of the parasite to the host cell surface; (d) cell signalling events that culminate in the internalization of the parasite through endocytic processes; (e) biogenesis of a large vacuole where the parasite is initially located, and is also known as parasitophorous vacuole (PV); (f) participation of endocytic pathway components in the internalization process; (g) participation of cytoskeleton components in the internalization process; (h) transformation of the trypomastigote into the amastigote form within the PV; (i) lysis of the membrane of the PV; (j) multiplication of amastigotes within the host cell in direct contact with cell structures and organelles; (k) transformation of amastigotes into trypomastigotes, and (l) rupture of the host cell releasing trypomastigotes into the extracellular space. The kinetics of the interaction process and even the fate of the parasite within the cell vary according to the nature of the host cell and its state of immunological activation.

Transcription and Splicing

Transcription and Splicing PDF Author: B. D. Hames
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN:
Category : Music
Languages : en
Pages : 238

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Book Description
This book gives a co-ordinated review of our present knowledge of eukaryotic RNA synthesis.

A Conservation Assessment of the Terrestrial Ecoregions of Latin America and the Caribbean

A Conservation Assessment of the Terrestrial Ecoregions of Latin America and the Caribbean PDF Author: Eric Dinerstein
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 172

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Book Description
Approach; Major ecosystem types, major habitat types, and ecoregions of LAC; Conservation status of terretrial ecoregions of LAC; Biological distinctiveness of territorial ecoregions of LAC at different biogeographic scales results; Integrating biological distinctiveness and conservation status; Conservation assessment of mangrove ecosystems.

Role of Apoptosis in Infection

Role of Apoptosis in Infection PDF Author: Diane E. Griffin
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540273204
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 300

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Book Description
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Proteins and Proteomics of Leishmania and Trypanosoma

Proteins and Proteomics of Leishmania and Trypanosoma PDF Author: André L.S. Santos
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400773056
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 387

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Book Description
This book contains a collection of critical reviews on the expression of biologically functional proteins in Leishmania and Trypanosoma, which was written by renowned researchers on this field. Species belonging to these trypanosomatids’ genera are etiological agents of leishmaniasis, Chagas’ disease and sleeping sickness that are extremely debilitating human infection diseases, which remain a major health problem especially in countries from Latin America, Africa and Middle East. Substantiating the problem, the currently accepted drugs for these diseases are quiet unsatisfying due to their low efficacy and high toxicity. In order to solve these real problems, several research groups around the world have become involved in the study and identification of novel potential targets in the trypanosomatid cell. Since proteins are key macromolecules involved in crucial metabolic processes of all living cells, studies have focused on the expression of specific proteins produced by Leishmania and Trypanosoma by means of different biochemical, molecular and proteomic approaches in order to explore them as targets for understanding the parasite life cycle and developing new strategies against trypanosomiasis. With these proposals in mind, the book “Proteins and Proteomics of Leishmania and Trypanosoma” encompasses (i) an integrated view about the biochemistry of parasites belonging to the Leishmania and Trypanosoma genera; (ii) an updated review on the expression of biologically relevant proteins by human pathogenic trypanosomatids and their possible role in the interaction with host cells/molecules as well as a target for development of both alternative chemotherapies and vaccine; and (iii) several pictures, diagrams and tables that can be used to illustrate both undergraduate and postgraduate teaching as well as scientific lectures, being a useful resource for students and researchers.

The African Trypanosomes

The African Trypanosomes PDF Author: Samuel J. Black
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0306468948
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 185

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Book Description
African trypanosomes are tsetse-transmitted protozoa that inhabit the extracellular compartment of host blood. They cause fatal sleeping sickness in people, and Nagana, a wasting and generally fatal disease, in cattle. While trypanosomes are most common to Africa (about 30% of Africa's cattle graze on the fringe of the tsetse habitat), some species have spread beyond its boarders to Asia, the Middle East and South America. The African Trypanosomes, volume one of World Class Parasites, is written for researchers, students and scholars who enjoy reading research that has a major impact on human health, or agricultural productivity, and against which we have no satisfactory defense. It is intended to supplement more formal texts that cover taxonomy, life cycles, morphology, vector distribution, symptoms and treatment. It integrates vector, pathogen and host biology and celebrates the diversity of approach that comprises modern parasitological research.

The Third Component of Complement

The Third Component of Complement PDF Author: John D. Lambris
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642749771
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 254

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Book Description
The third component of complement, C3, is one of the most versatile proteins and an important participant in immune surveillance and immune response pathways. Its multifunctio nality is based on its ability to interact specifically with multiple serum complement proteins, cell surface receptors, and mem brant;-associated regulatory proteins. One of its most intriguing strategies of interaction with cell surfaces is the covalent binding of activated C3 through the internal thioester. The field has expanded over the past 10 years and a wealth of information has accumulated. C3 from various species and many of the human C3 binding proteins have been cloned and expressed. Numerous cellular responses mediated by the diffe rent fragments of C3 have been described. The findings that C3 interacts in a ligand-receptor-like fashion with proteins of nonself origin such as the gC of herpes simplex virus, a 70-kDa protein from Candida albicans, proteins from Epstein-Barr virus, etc. has opened a new field of investigation. The papers assembled in this volume summarize the wealth of data on the various aspects of the C3 interactions; together they bring to the reader new information on the chemistry, molecular gene tics, biology, and pathophysiology of C3 and C3-binding proteins. Emphasis is given to structural features as they relate to functions. Spring 1989 JOHN D. LAMBRIS, HANS J. MULLER-EBERHARD Table of Contents J. E. VOLANAKIS: Participation of C3 and Its Ligands in Complement Activation . . . . . . . . . . . 1 S. R. BARNUM, G. FEY, and B. F. TACK: Biosynthesis and Genetics of C3 . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Triatominae - The Biology of Chagas Disease Vectors

Triatominae - The Biology of Chagas Disease Vectors PDF Author: Alessandra Guarneri
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030645487
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 642

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Book Description
This book aims to present updated knowledge on various aspects of the natural history, biology, and impact of triatomines to all interested readers. Each chapter will be written by authorities in the respective field, covering topics such as behavior, neurophysiology, immunology, ecology, and evolution. The contents will consider scientific, as well as innovative perspectives, on the problems related to the role of triatomine bugs as parasite vectors affecting millions in the Latin American region.