Author: Sebastian Edwards
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 9780226315553
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Studies of African economic development frequently focus on the daunting challenges the continent faces. From recurrent crises to ethnic conflicts and long-standing corruption, a raft of deep-rooted problems has led many to regard the continent as facing many hurdles to raise living standards. Yet Africa has made considerable progress in the past decade, with a GDP growth rate exceeding five percent in some regions. The African Successes series looks at recent improvements in living standards and other measures of development in many African countries with an eye toward identifying what shaped them and the extent to which lessons learned are transferable and can guide policy in other nations and at the international level. The fourth volume in the series, African Successes: Sustainable Growth combines informative case studies with careful empirical analysis to consider the prospects for future African growth.
Author: Jason Conard Myers
Publisher: University Rochester Press
ISBN: 9781580462785
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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Book Description
A groundbreaking new study of the ways in which South African leaders struggle to legitimize themselves through the costuming of political power. Indirect rule -- the British colonial policy of employing indigenous tribal chiefs as political intermediaries -- has typically been understood by scholars as little more than an expedient solution to imperial personnel shortages.A reexamination of the history of indirect rule in South Africa reveals it to have been much more: an ideological strategy designed to win legitimacy for colonial officials. Indirect rule became the basic template from which segregation and apartheid emerged during the twentieth century and set the stage for a post-apartheid debate over African political identity and "traditional authority" that continues to shape South African politics today. This new study, based on firsthand field research and archival material only recently made available to scholars, unveils the inner workings of South African segregation. Drawing influence from a range of political theorists including Machiavelli, Marx, Weber, Althusser, and Zizek, Myers develops a groundbreaking understanding of the ways in which leaders struggle to legitimize themselves through the costuming of political power. J. C. Myers is Associate Professor of Political Science at California State University, Stanislaus.
Author: Mahmood Mamdani
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 0674071271
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 139
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Book Description
Define and Rule focuses on the turn in late nineteenth-century colonial statecraft when Britain abandoned the attempt to eradicate difference between conqueror and conquered and introduced a new idea of governance, as the definition and management of difference. Mahmood Mamdani explores how lines were drawn between settler and native as distinct political identities, and between natives according to tribe. Out of that colonial experience issued a modern language of pluralism and difference. A mid-nineteenth-century crisis of empire attracted the attention of British intellectuals and led to a reconception of the colonial mission, and to reforms in India, British Malaya, and the Dutch East Indies. The new politics, inspired by Sir Henry Maine, established that natives were bound by geography and custom, rather than history and law, and made this the basis of administrative practice. Maine’s theories were later translated into “native administration” in the African colonies. Mamdani takes the case of Sudan to demonstrate how colonial law established tribal identity as the basis for determining access to land and political power, and follows this law’s legacy to contemporary Darfur. He considers the intellectual and political dimensions of African movements toward decolonization by focusing on two key figures: the Nigerian historian Yusuf Bala Usman, who argued for an alternative to colonial historiography, and Tanzania’s first president, Mwalimu Julius Nyerere, who realized that colonialism’s political logic was legal and administrative, not military, and could be dismantled through nonviolent reforms.
Author: Shivaji Mukherjee
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108844995
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 415
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Book Description
Shows how colonial indirect rule and land tenure institutions create state weakness, ethnic inequality and insurgency in India, and around the world.
Author: Michael Herbert Fisher
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN:
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 556
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Book Description
More than any other imperial power, the British in India developed techniques of indirect rule. They used Residents who were posted to each major Indian state. This book concentrates on the origins, growth, and functioning of the Residency system on a pan-Indian scale between 1764 and 1857. Based on their experience in India, the British later deliberately deployed indirect rule in South East Asia and Africa. This study examines the Residency system as a whole, and in particular the composition and roles of three groups within it: British Residents, Indian rulers, and the Indian staff of the residencies. Out of the body of British civil servants and military officers of the East India Company, there gradually emerged a core of "politicals" men who specialized in creating the system of indirect rule. These were men like Charles Metcalfe, John Malcolm, and Thomas Munro. By studying the entire body of Residents and Political Agents - their backgrounds, careers, strategies and tactics - this book enables us to understand the men who carried out indirect rule over the major portion of India. As their states came under British influence, Indian rulers faced new conditions. While some rulers lost their thrones, hundreds of others managed (by policy or fortune) to preserve some measure of authority under indirect rule. As ambiguously sovereign rulers over states which ranged in size from a few square miles to regions the size of European nations, and over populations from a few thousand to over ten million, these Indian rulers gradually worked out their relations under indirect rule. The actions of these Indian rulers and their officials determined to a considerable degree the shape of the British empire. For the Indian service elite, the British presence presented a vast range of new challenges and opportunities. Some members of families with traditions of administration adjusted themselves to these new circumstances and rose in service to the Residents. Those courtiers and officials who threw their lot with the British form a particularly intriguing group. By studying Indians who worked in the residencies, this book examines indirect rule from the inside, from the perspective of those who implemented it, both serving and guiding the British Resident. Thus, this volume delves into the actual working of the Residency system and provides a comprehensive view of this essential element in the creation of the British empire in India. It will be essential reading for all who are interested in imperialism, Indian history, and the development and functioning of British colonialism.
Author: Matthew Lange
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 0226470709
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 262
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Book Description
Traditionally, social scientists have assumed that past imperialism hinders the future development prospects of colonized nations. Challenging this widespread belief, Matthew Lange argues in Lineages of Despotism and Development that countries once under direct British imperial control have developed more successfully than those that were ruled indirectly. Combining statistical analysis with in-depth case studies of former British colonies, this volume argues that direct rule promoted cogent and coherent states with high levels of bureaucratization and inclusiveness, which contributed to implementing development policy during late colonialism and independence. On the other hand, Lange finds that indirect British rule created patrimonial, weak states that preyed on their own populations. Firmly grounded in the tradition of comparative-historical analysis while offering fresh insight into the colonial roots of uneven development, Lineages of Despotism and Development will interest economists, sociologists, and political scientists alike.
Author: Moses E. Ochonu
Publisher: Indiana University Press
ISBN: 0253011655
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 294
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Book Description
Moses E. Ochonu explores a rare system of colonialism in Middle Belt Nigeria, where the British outsourced the business of the empire to Hausa-Fulani subcolonials because they considered the area too uncivilized for Indirect Rule. Ochonu reveals that the outsiders ruled with an iron fist and imagined themselves as bearers of Muslim civilization rather than carriers of the white man's burden. Stressing that this type of Indirect Rule violated its primary rationale, Colonialism by Proxy traces contemporary violent struggles to the legacy of the dynamics of power and the charged atmosphere of religious difference.
Author:
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 0714616907
Category : Africa
Languages : en
Pages : 696
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Book Description
First Published in 1965. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Author: Adiele Eberechukwu Afigbo
Publisher: Humanities Press International
ISBN:
Category : Ethnology
Languages : en
Pages : 366
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Book Description
Author: Mahmood Mamdani
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 1400889715
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 381
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Book Description
In analyzing the obstacles to democratization in post- independence Africa, Mahmood Mamdani offers a bold, insightful account of colonialism's legacy--a bifurcated power that mediated racial domination through tribally organized local authorities, reproducing racial identity in citizens and ethnic identity in subjects. Many writers have understood colonial rule as either "direct" (French) or "indirect" (British), with a third variant--apartheid--as exceptional. This benign terminology, Mamdani shows, masks the fact that these were actually variants of a despotism. While direct rule denied rights to subjects on racial grounds, indirect rule incorporated them into a "customary" mode of rule, with state-appointed Native Authorities defining custom. By tapping authoritarian possibilities in culture, and by giving culture an authoritarian bent, indirect rule (decentralized despotism) set the pace for Africa; the French followed suit by changing from direct to indirect administration, while apartheid emerged relatively later. Apartheid, Mamdani shows, was actually the generic form of the colonial state in Africa. Through case studies of rural (Uganda) and urban (South Africa) resistance movements, we learn how these institutional features fragment resistance and how states tend to play off reform in one sector against repression in the other. The result is a groundbreaking reassessment of colonial rule in Africa and its enduring aftereffects. Reforming a power that institutionally enforces tension between town and country, and between ethnicities, is the key challenge for anyone interested in democratic reform in Africa.
