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Author: National Task Force on Increasing the Utility of the Criminal History Record (U.S.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Court records
Languages : en
Pages : 88
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Book Description
Author: National Task Force on Increasing the Utility of the Criminal History Record (U.S.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Court records
Languages : en
Pages : 88
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Book Description
Author: DIANE Publishing Company
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780788130427
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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Book Description
The purpose of the Task Force was to develop recommendations concerning the content of criminal history records that are exchanged among the States & to recommend a standard format for such records.
Author: Eileen Regen Larence
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1437907733
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
Public safety concerns require that criminal history records and the systems that maintain them be accurate, complete, and accessible. The Dept. of Justice¿s (DoJ) Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) administers the Nat. Criminal History Improve. Program (NCHIP). The goal of the NCHIP grant program is to improve the nation's safety and security by enhancing the quality, completeness, and accessibility of criminal history record info. and by ensuring the nationwide implementation of criminal justice and non-criminal justice background check systems. This report provides info. on grant funds awarded by BJS, updates info. from a 2004 report on progress made in improving nat. criminal history records, and how DoJ monitors states¿ use of those funds. Table.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Crime
Languages : en
Pages : 36
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Criminal justice, Administration of
Languages : en
Pages : 54
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Book Description
Author: Richard S. Frase
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0190254009
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 337
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Book Description
All modern sentencing systems, in the US and beyond, consider the offender's prior record to be an important determinant of the form and severity of punishment for subsequent offences. Repeat offenders receive harsher punishments than first offenders, and offenders with longer criminal records are punished more severely than those with shorter records. Yet the vast literature on sentencing policy, law, and practice has generally overlooked the issue of prior convictions, even though this is the most important sentencing factor after the seriousness of the crime. In Paying for the Past, Richard S. Frase and Julian V. Roberts provide a critical and systematic examination of current prior record enhancements under sentencing guidelines across the US. Drawing on empirical data and analyses of guidelines from a number of jurisdictions, they illustrate different approaches to prior record enhancements and the differing outcomes of those approaches. Roberts and Frase demonstrate that most prior record enhancements generate a range of adverse outcomes at sentencing. Further, the pervasive justifications for prior record enhancement, such as the repeat offender's assumed higher risk of reoffending or greater culpability, are uncertain and have rarely been subjected to critical appraisal. The punitive sentencing premiums for repeat offenders prescribed by US guidelines cannot be justified on grounds of prevention or retribution. Shining a light on a neglected but critically important topic, Paying for the Past examines the costs of prior record enhancements for repeat offenders and offers model guidelines to help reduce racial disparities and reallocate criminal justice resources for jurisdictions who use sentence enhancements.
Author: Margaret Fitzgerald O'Reilly
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1137596627
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 300
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Book Description
This book examines the increasing retention and use of previous criminal record information, within and beyond the criminal justice system. There remains a misconception that once an offender has served the penalty for an offence, his or her dealings with the law and legal system in relation to that offence is at an end. This book demonstrates that in fact the criminal record lingers and permeates facets of the person's life far beyond the de jure sentence. Criminal records are relied upon by key decision makers at all stages of the formal criminal process, from the police to the judiciary. Convictions can affect areas of policing, bail, trial procedure and sentencing, which the author discusses. Furthermore, with the increasing intensifying of surveillance techniques in the interests of security, ex-offenders are monitored more closely post release and these provisions are explored here. Even beyond the formal criminal justice system, individuals can continue to experience many collateral consequences of a conviction whereby access to employment, travel and licenses (among other areas of social activity) can be limited as a consequence of disclosure requirements. Overall, this book examines the perpetual nature of criminal convictions through the evolution of criminal record use, focussing on the Irish perspective, and also considers the impact from a broader international perspective.
Author: National Task Force on Criminal History Record Disposition Reporting (U.S.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Criminal justice, Administration of
Languages : en
Pages : 80
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Corrections
Languages : en
Pages : 414
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Book Description
Author: James B. Jacobs
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 067496716X
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 413
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Book Description
For over sixty million Americans, possessing a criminal record overshadows everything else about their public identity. A rap sheet, or even a court appearance or background report that reveals a run-in with the law, can have fateful consequences for a person’s interactions with just about everyone else. The Eternal Criminal Record makes transparent a pervasive system of police databases and identity screening that has become a routine feature of American life. The United States is unique in making criminal information easy to obtain by employers, landlords, neighbors, even cyberstalkers. Its nationally integrated rap-sheet system is second to none as an effective law enforcement tool, but it has also facilitated the transfer of ever more sensitive information into the public domain. While there are good reasons for a person’s criminal past to be public knowledge, records of arrests that fail to result in convictions are of questionable benefit. Simply by placing someone under arrest, a police officer has the power to tag a person with a legal history that effectively incriminates him or her for life. In James Jacobs’s view, law-abiding citizens have a right to know when individuals in their community or workplace represent a potential threat. But convicted persons have rights, too. Jacobs closely examines the problems created by erroneous record keeping, critiques the way the records of individuals who go years without a new conviction are expunged, and proposes strategies for eliminating discrimination based on criminal history, such as certifying the records of those who have demonstrated their rehabilitation.
