Increasing Returns and Path Dependence in the Economy PDF Download
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Author: W. Brian Arthur
Publisher: University of Michigan Press
ISBN: 9780472022403
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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Book Description
Pioneering work on an important new approach to economics.
Author: W. Brian Arthur
Publisher: University of Michigan Press
ISBN: 9780472022403
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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Book Description
Pioneering work on an important new approach to economics.
Author: James M. Buchanan
Publisher: University of Michigan Press
ISBN: 9780472104321
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 400
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Book Description
Makes available important articles on increasing returns as related to the size of the economy
Author: Antonio Sánchez Jáuregui
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : es
Pages : 46
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Book Description
Author: Elhanan Helpman
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780745001098
Category : Commerce
Languages : en
Pages : 271
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Book Description
Author: Werner Antweiler
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Commerce
Languages : en
Pages : 72
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Book Description
Do scale economies contribute to our understanding of international trade? Do international trade flows encode information about the extent of scale economies? To answer these questions we examine the large class of general equilibrium theories that imply Helpman-Krugman variants of the Vanek factor content prediction. Using an ambitious database on output, trade flows, and factor endowments, we find that scale economies significantly increase our understanding of the sources of comparative advantage. Further, the Helpman-Krugman framework provides a remarkable lens for viewing the general equilibrium scale elasticities encoded in trade flows. In particular, we find that a third of all goods-producing industries are characterized by scale. (The modal range of scale elasticities for this group is 1.10-1.20 and the economy-wide scale elasticity is 1.05.) Implications are drawn for the trade-and-wages debate (skill-biased scale effects) and endogenous growth.
Author: Tim Walshaw
Publisher: Lulu.com
ISBN: 0987494651
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 70
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Book Description
This book offers you a very good way to invest profitably in good companies in the long term, and furthermore avoid losses by investing in bad ones. Its basic message is that if you invest in a company with increasing returns to scale, economic theory states that the company MUST be profitable; and furthermore, you are (almost) guaranteed an increased profit in the next period. If profits increase, share prices should also increase over the medium to long term. This is also a very simple method, not requiring complex methodology, or reliance on 'tips' or 'stories'. You can do it yourself over a few minutes each week. What is this magic method? It is a simple technique drawn from the theory of Economics, called 'Returns to Scale'. Your aim is to invest in firms with Increasing Returns to Scale, and avoid investing in firms with Decreasing Returns to Scale, or worse still (and there are too many of these) Negative Returns to Scale.
Author: Takashi Suzuki
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9812833323
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 285
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Book Description
A unique feature of the book compared to classical monographs on GE is its emphasis on the historical nature of the subject, and not only the mathematical nature. Students are expected to learn that those mathematically formidable techniques are indeed necessary for tackling many economic problems which have been significant not only in the mathematical or technical context, but also in the historical and traditional context.
Author: Geoffrey M. Heal
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Increasing returns is the source of some of the most powerful metaphors and intuitions in economics. Foremost among them are Adam Smith's statement that the division of labor is limited by the extent of the market and his discussion of the relationship between scale and economies of specialization in a pin factory. There is a weakness, strictly an error, in Adam Smith's analysis. Two phenomena that he grouped together and saw as integral to economic progress are in fact inconsistent. These are increasing returns with the consequent gains from specialization and the efficiency of the invisible hand. We now know that a society cannot have both, at least if one interprets the efficiency of the invisible hand as the Pareto efficiency of the competitive equilibrium, our only rigorous interpretation. This paper reviews the implications of increasing returns for several areas of economics: resource allocation and welfare economics; the micro foundations of macroeconomics; product variety and imperfect competition; information and information technology; economic growth; international trade. These cover the fields in which increasing returns cause departures from the results otherwise available. These departures are rather significant. Recognizing increasing returns affects the possibility of market equilibrium, can introduce sticky prices, causes economies to lock-in to inefficient technologies and introduce path-dependence, affects the possibility of continuing growth, produces hard problems for regulators, and changes our conception of the effects of international trade. All in all, increasing returns can change quite radically our view of how the economy operates. They make the economy seem more complicated and pose a challenge to our vision of a benign and powerful invisible hand.
Author: Miroslav N. Jovanović
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1785368990
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 789
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Book Description
A crucial question in contemporary economics concerns where economic activities will locate and relocate themselves in the future. This comprehensive, innovative book applies an evolutionary framework to spatial economics, arguing against the prevailing neoclassical equilibrium model, providing important concrete and theoretical insights, and illuminating areas of future enquiry.
Author: Martine Quinzii
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0195065530
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 174
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Book Description
This study analyzes increasing returns to scale using general equilibrium theory to take into account the interactions between production in the public and private sectors. It also explores how the redistribution of income has been effected by financing the private sector.
