Improving Air Quality in Chinese Cities by Substituting Natural Gas for Coal PDF Download
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Author: Mao Xianqiang
Publisher: Singapore : Economy and Environment Program for Southeast Asia
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 52
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Book Description
Author: Mao Xianqiang
Publisher: Singapore : Economy and Environment Program for Southeast Asia
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 52
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309093236
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 308
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Book Description
In October 2003, a group of experts met in Beijing under the auspices of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Engineering, and National Academy of Engineering (NAE)/National Research Council (NRC) of the National Academies to continue a dialogue and eventually chart a rational course of energy use in China. This collection of papers is intended to introduce the reader to the complicated problems of urban air pollution and energy choices in China.
Author: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309182123
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 308
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Book Description
In October 2003, a group of experts met in Beijing under the auspices of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Engineering, and National Academy of Engineering (NAE)/National Research Council (NRC) of the National Academies to continue a dialogue and eventually chart a rational course of energy use in China. This collection of papers is intended to introduce the reader to the complicated problems of urban air pollution and energy choices in China.
Author: Asian Development Bank
Publisher: Asian Development Bank
ISBN: 9292613731
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 196
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Book Description
This publication showcases 50 innovative case studies from cities in the People's Republic of China that are mitigating against and adapting to climate change. Solutions being implemented in these cities are proving that reducing carbon dioxide emissions and protecting the environment need not sacrifice economic prosperity. This publication is an initiative of the Asian Development Bank to support efforts of the People's Republic of China to address climate change and showcase innovations in low-carbon city development. The sharing of these examples could inspire other cities and drive further innovation.
Author: Asian Development Bank
Publisher: Asian Development Bank
ISBN: 9292699199
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 162
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Book Description
This report shows how air quality in the People’s Republic of China’s fast-growing Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei industrial hub has deteriorated and presents an integrated, cost-effective model to reduce emissions. Analyzing the costs and benefits of different scenarios, it sets out a modeling framework and shows how adapting policies to tackle emissions and improve air quality can help boost the region’s development, environment, and public well-being. It shows how increasing energy efficiency and reducing fossil fuel consumption can improve air quality and help the PRC meet its commitment to achieve carbon neutrality before 2060.
Author: Axel Baeumler
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 0821389874
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 591
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Book Description
The continuing rapid growth and development of China's cities brings many complex challenges. Tasked with supporting strong economic development that provides jobs and a good quality of life for its growing number of residents, China's cities also must ensure sustainable development in line with national efforts to transition to a less carbon-intensive economy, as outlined in China's 12th Five-Year Plan. Sustainable Low-Carbon City Development in China summarizes, through the specific lens of low-carbon development, the lessons of the World Bank's activities related to sustainable urban development in China. The various chapters present overall approaches and achievements in low-carbon city developments and highlight specific experiences across all urban sectors, including energy, transport, solid waste, water, and waste water. The book also explores cities' role in climate adaptation and opportunities presented by carbon finance and other global mechanisms to finance low-carbon city development. The World Bank project data and experience combined with the national and international experience presented in this edited book deliver both a broad picture and actionable steps for China's urban development. The chapters argue that China's cities not only need to, but also have an opportunity and the ability to integrate sustainable low-carbon development in their urban development. Low-carbon efforts align closely with the sustainable urbanization agenda and the book points to multiple benefits, such as improved air quality and urban livability, that can be derived from implementing this urgent agenda. The intended audience of this edited book is government officials of municipalities, cities, and townships in China who will be defining policies and programs to achieve the targets of economic growth and carbon emission reductions emerging from the 12th Five-Year Plan. The lessons presented may also be of interest to other countries and development partners supporting low-carbon urban programs.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 100
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Book Description
China's industrial boiler systems consume 700 million tons of coal annually, accounting for 18% of the nation's total coal consumption. Together these boiler systems are one of the major sources of China's greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, producing approximately 1.3 gigatons (Gt) of carbon dioxide (CO2) annually. These boiler systems are also responsible for 33% and 27% of total soot and sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions in China, respectively, making a substantial contribution to China's local environmental degradation. The Chinese government - at both the national and local level - is taking actions to mitigate the significant greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and air pollution related to the country's extensive use of coal-fired industrial boilers. The United States and China are pursuing a collaborative effort under the U.S.-China Climate Change Working Group to conduct a comprehensive assessment of China's coal-fired industrial boilers and to develop an implementation roadmap that will improve industrial boiler efficiency and maximize fuel-switching opportunities. Two Chinese cities - Ningbo and Xi'an - have been selected for the assessment. These cities represent coastal areas with access to liquefied natural gas (LNG) imports and inland regions with access to interprovincial natural gas pipelines, respectively.
Author: Sun Sheng Han
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317802403
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 231
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Book Description
This book explores the relationship between urban form and greenhouse gas emissions in China, providing new insights for policy, urban planning and management. Drawing on the results of a four-year multidisciplinary research project, the book examines how factors such as urban households’ access to services and jobs, land use mixes and provision of public transport impact on greenhouse gas emissions. The authors analyse data from a wide range of sources including 4677 sample households from four major Chinese cities – Beijing, Shanghai, Wuhan and Xi’an – with diverse locations, urban spatial structures and population sizes. The book explores residents’ attitudes to reducing GHG emissions and advances knowledge relating to three environmental scales – cross-metropolitan, intra-city and neighbourhood level. It also contributes to debates on low carbon policy by revealing the relevance of urban planning parameters at both the macro and micro levels. The book will be of interest to scholars in the areas of urban planning, urban management, environmental sustainability and resource utilisation, as well as urban policy makers and planners who are working toward developing low carbon, sustainable cities of the future.
Author: LI ZHANG
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 144
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Book Description
China is facing the challenges of both climate change and air pollution. To tackle the challenges, China has set specific goals, such as the CO2 emission peak target by 2030 and the "Beautiful China" target by 2035, to reduce greenhouse gases and air pollutant emissions. Cities in China play an important role as they are the fundamental units to implement reduction policies. In this dissertation, we investigate the pathway for Chinese cities to achieve the dual targets of CO2 emission reduction and air quality improvement. This work is divided into the following five chapters: an overview (Chapter 1), three chapters of original research (Chapters 2 - 4), conclusions and future work (Chapter 5).We first make a comprehensive assessment of air quality and CO2 emission changes from 2015 to 2019 for 335 Chinese cities, using the city-level data of PM2.5 and O3 concentrations and CO2 emissions. We select important regions for air pollution control in China and categorize all cities into different classes according to their development levels. Then we compare the changes of air quality and CO2 emission by region or city class. We find that PM2.5 concentrations decrease remarkably from 2015 to 2019 due to mandatory city-level PM2.5 reduction targets, especially in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Yangtze River Delta regions. Nonetheless, O3 concentrations increase in 91% of Chinese cities and CO2 emissions increase in 69% of the cities. The changes in CO2 emissions are significantly lower in developed cities compared to developing cities, which is mainly driven by the reduction in energy intensity and the improvement in energy structure. Our findings indicate a lack of synergy in air quality improvement and CO2 emission reduction in China under the current policy framework. To tackle the challenges of both air pollution and CO2 mitigation, we suggest that cities set mandatory city-level CO2 emission reduction targets and reinforce energy-related measures in future policies. To address the inconsistency in current CO2 and air pollutants emission inventories, we then develop a unified emission inventory including both emissions. We also identify the co-hotspots of both CO2 and air pollutants emissions at a high spatial resolution (1 1 km2). Using Guangzhou city as a case, we find that the stationary combustion sector and the transportation sector are the main contributors to CO2 and air pollutants emissions, together accounting for 95%, 67%, and 93% of total CO2, SO2, and NOx emissions. The co-hotspots analysis shows that more than 66% of total CO2 and air pollutants emissions are originated from the top 10% emission grids. Our findings enable accurate identification of high-emission grids, which improve the precision and effectiveness in the collaborative control of CO2 and air pollutants. Lastly, we propose a pathway for Chinese cities to reach the dual targets of CO2 emission reduction and air quality improvement. Using Yantai city as a case, we develop an integrated assessment model that couples the emission projection, air quality, and health assessment. We find that strict energy-related measures can help Yantai meet the national annual PM2.5 standard of 35 g/m3 by 2030 and achieve the carbon neutrality goals by 2060. Energy-related measures contributed to 53% and 79% of PM2.5 reduction in 2035 and 2060, exhibiting an increasing potential in improving air pollutants emissions compared to the advanced end-of-pipe controls. We find that the future health benefit from improved air quality will likely compensate for the abatement cost of implementing energy measures, with a net monetized benefit of 1.9 billion Chinese yuan in 2060. Our findings could provide a reference for Chinese cities to deal with the dual challenges in the future. Overall, we find a lack of synergy in air quality improvement and CO2 emission reduction in China under the current policy framework. The unified emission inventory and co-hotspots analysis provide a basis to design collaborative control strategies. The proposed dual targets pathway can guide Chinese cities to address both challenges in future policy design.
Author: Jun Ma
Publisher: Columbia University Press
ISBN: 0231541899
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 313
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Book Description
Suffocating smog regularly envelops Chinese metropolises from Beijing to Shanghai, clouding the future prospect of China's growth sustainability. Air pollutants do not discriminate between the rich and the poor, the politician and the "average Joe." They put everyone's health and economic prosperity at risk, creating future costs that are difficult to calculate. Yet many people, including some in China, are concerned that addressing environmental challenges will jeopardize economic growth. In The Economics of Air Pollution in China, leading Chinese economist Ma Jun makes the case that the trade-off between growth and environment is not inevitable. In his ambitious proposal to tackle severe air pollution and drastically reduce the level of so-called PM 2.5 particles—microscopic pollutants that lodge deeply in lungs—Ma Jun argues that in targeting pollution, China has a real opportunity to undertake significant structural economic reforms that would support long-term growth. Rooted in rigorous analyses and evidence-based projections, Ma Jun's "big bang" proposal aims to mitigate pollution and facilitate a transition to a greener and more sustainable growth model.
