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Author: J. Lutz
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1349622079
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 247
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Book Description
This volume analyzes the import patterns of selected countries to determine which nations are active importers and which ones import much less than expected. The majority of the work focuses on the industrialized countries, which are at the center of the international trading system, determining which are very active importers and which are not. Controls for wealth, size, and membership in customs areas are included. Countries importing at levels below predicted ones are the countries likely to be most effective at protecting domestic industries from foreign competition. For example, the results permit an evaluation of the arguments that Japan has consistently imported less than would be expected due to the presence of barriers protecting the domestic market.
Author: J. Lutz
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1349622079
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 247
Get Book Here
Book Description
This volume analyzes the import patterns of selected countries to determine which nations are active importers and which ones import much less than expected. The majority of the work focuses on the industrialized countries, which are at the center of the international trading system, determining which are very active importers and which are not. Controls for wealth, size, and membership in customs areas are included. Countries importing at levels below predicted ones are the countries likely to be most effective at protecting domestic industries from foreign competition. For example, the results permit an evaluation of the arguments that Japan has consistently imported less than would be expected due to the presence of barriers protecting the domestic market.
Author: United Nations Publications
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789211130102
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 30
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Book Description
This publication is structured into two parts. The first part presents a short-term overview of the status of international trade using preliminary statistics on merchandise trade up to the third quarter of 2020. The second part provides illustrative statistics on international trade in goods and services covering the medium term. The second part is divided into two sections. Section 1 provides trade statistics at various levels of aggregation illustrating the evolution of trade across economic sectors and geographic regions. Section 2 presents some of the most used trade indicators at the country level, to illustrate trade performance across countries.
Author: World Bank
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464814953
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 545
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Book Description
Global value chains (GVCs) powered the surge of international trade after 1990 and now account for almost half of all trade. This shift enabled an unprecedented economic convergence: poor countries grew rapidly and began to catch up with richer countries. Since the 2008 global financial crisis, however, the growth of trade has been sluggish and the expansion of GVCs has stalled. Meanwhile, serious threats have emerged to the model of trade-led growth. New technologies could draw production closer to the consumer and reduce the demand for labor. And trade conflicts among large countries could lead to a retrenchment or a segmentation of GVCs. World Development Report 2020: Trading for Development in the Age of Global Value Chains examines whether there is still a path to development through GVCs and trade. It concludes that technological change is, at this stage, more a boon than a curse. GVCs can continue to boost growth, create better jobs, and reduce poverty provided that developing countries implement deeper reforms to promote GVC participation; industrial countries pursue open, predictable policies; and all countries revive multilateral cooperation.
Author: Nagwa Riad
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1463973101
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 87
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Book Description
Changing Patterns of Global Trade outlines the factors underlying important shifts in global trade that have occurred in recent decades. The emergence of global supply chains and their increasing role in trade patterns allowed emerging market economies to boost their inputs in high-technology exports and is associated with increased trade interconnectedness.The analysis points to one important trend taking place over the last decade: the emergence of China as a major systemically important trading hub, reflecting not only the size of trade but also the increase in number of its significant trading partners.
Author: Aaditya Mattoo
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 019923521X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 675
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Book Description
This title provides a comprehensive introduction to the key issues in trade and liberalization of services. Providing a useful overview of the players involved, the barriers to trade, and case studies in a number of service industries, this is ideal for policymakers and students interested in trade.
Author: Piotr Stryszowski
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789291562060
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 130
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Book Description
This study offers unique up-to-date analysis of the impact on global trade of counterfeit and pirated products, known as "fakes" by the general public. Using statistical analysis and drawing on a global dataset covering almost half million customs data on seizures, the study estimates the huge share of international trade commandeered by counterfeit and pirated goods. In 2013, international trade in such products represented up to 2.5% of world trade, or as much as USD 461 billion. This is the equivalent of the GDP of Austria, or the combined GDP of Ireland and the Czech Republic. Above all, it highlights that right holders, governments and the formal economy as a whole suffer from significant economic and social losses. It also gives an idea about the potential financial revenues collected by criminal networks that are behind such trade.^More specifically, counterfeit and pirated products amounted to up to 5 % of imports in 2013 in the European Union, or as much as EUR 85 billion (USD 116 billion). This suggests that the relative impact of counterfeiting is twice as high for a group of developed countries, such as the EU, than it is for the world as a whole. The scope of the phenomenon appears to be greater than a decade ago. Back in 2008, a previous OECD study estimated that counterfeit and pirated goods accounted for up to 1.9 % of world imports, or up to USD 200 billion, relying on the best data and more limited methods available at that time. In the context of today's revival of international trade in the global economy, there is no shortage of opportunities for counterfeiters and criminals. Counterfeit and pirated trade is a major threat to any modern, knowledge-based economy. Counterfeiting and piracy matter in an innovation driven global economy.^Intellectual property (IP) is a key value generator for firms, helping them succeed in competitive markets. At the macroeconomic level, IP protection and enforcement is one of the main drivers of innovation, which contributes to long term economic growth. Given the fundamental economic importance of IP, counterfeiting and piracy must be directly targeted as a threat to sustainable IP-based business models.
Author: Alasdair I. MacBean
Publisher: Cambridge : Harvard University Press, 1966 [i.e. 1967]
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 376
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Book Description
Author: International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1451930860
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 180
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Book Description
The purpose of this paper is to describe the role and the operating significance of IMF quotas. Each member of the IMF has a quota, the functions of which are threefold. These functions are interrelated, but the attempt to find a series of figures that would effectively perform all these functions for each member necessitated a large amount of compromise in the determination of quotas. A quota determines the subscription or contribution of each member to the capital of the IMF; and the total of the quotas of all members determines the size of the IMF’s financial resources. Each member is required to pay to the IMF of its quota in gold, and the balance in its own currency. Apart from any retained profits or accumulated losses, quotas directly determine the total assets of the IMF. Assets can be increased only by admitting new members or by increasing the quotas of existing members, though the Fund may under prescribed conditions increase the funds at its disposal by borrowing.
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on International Economic Policy and Trade
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Competition, International
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
Author: W. Guth
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401709653
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 171
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Book Description
There is little need today for an author publishing a work on less developed countries to emphasise the importance of this question. In view of the large and increasing number of publications on this subject - and in fairness to the reader - it seems appropriate, however, to outline briefly what the book sets out to describe. As the title conveys, I have concentrated on the financial side of the problem without neglecting altogether the important political, social and human aspects. I have primarily dealt with the problems of capital formation, capital transfer, capital employment and the associated balance of payments considerations. The attempt is made to set out in an integrat ed analysis the problems of capital exports to less developed countries both from the point of view of the creditor and of the debtor, be they countries or individuals. This method appeared all the more appropriate since the provision oflong term funds for capital exports and the question of their employment in the capital importing countries are so closely interconnected that they could hardly be treated separately.
