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Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309046270
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 175
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Book Description
As the nation's drug crisis has deepened, public and private agencies have invested huge sums of money in prevention efforts. Are the resulting programs effective? What do we need to know to make them more effective? This book provides a comprehensive overview on what we know about drug abuse prevention and its effectiveness, including: Results of a wide range of antidrug efforts. The role and effectiveness of mass media in preventing drug use. A profile of the drug problem, including a look at drug use by different population groups. A review of three major schools of prevention theory-risk factor reduction, developmental change, and social influence. An examination of promising prevention techniques from other areas of health and human services. This volume offers provocative findings on the connection between low self-esteem and drug use, the role of schools, the reality of changing drug use in the population, and more. Preventing Drug Abuse will be indispensable to anyone involved in the search for solutions, including policymakers, anti-drug program developers and administrators, and researchers.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309046270
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 175
Get Book Here
Book Description
As the nation's drug crisis has deepened, public and private agencies have invested huge sums of money in prevention efforts. Are the resulting programs effective? What do we need to know to make them more effective? This book provides a comprehensive overview on what we know about drug abuse prevention and its effectiveness, including: Results of a wide range of antidrug efforts. The role and effectiveness of mass media in preventing drug use. A profile of the drug problem, including a look at drug use by different population groups. A review of three major schools of prevention theory-risk factor reduction, developmental change, and social influence. An examination of promising prevention techniques from other areas of health and human services. This volume offers provocative findings on the connection between low self-esteem and drug use, the role of schools, the reality of changing drug use in the population, and more. Preventing Drug Abuse will be indispensable to anyone involved in the search for solutions, including policymakers, anti-drug program developers and administrators, and researchers.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309263573
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 181
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Book Description
During the past century the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States have shifted from those related to communicable diseases to those due to chronic diseases. Just as the major causes of morbidity and mortality have changed, so too has the understanding of health and what makes people healthy or ill. Research has documented the importance of the social determinants of health (for example, socioeconomic status and education) that affect health directly as well as through their impact on other health determinants such as risk factors. Targeting interventions toward the conditions associated with today's challenges to living a healthy life requires an increased emphasis on the factors that affect the current cause of morbidity and mortality, factors such as the social determinants of health. Many community-based prevention interventions target such conditions. Community-based prevention interventions offer three distinct strengths. First, because the intervention is implemented population-wide it is inclusive and not dependent on access to a health care system. Second, by directing strategies at an entire population an intervention can reach individuals at all levels of risk. And finally, some lifestyle and behavioral risk factors are shaped by conditions not under an individual's control. For example, encouraging an individual to eat healthy food when none is accessible undermines the potential for successful behavioral change. Community-based prevention interventions can be designed to affect environmental and social conditions that are out of the reach of clinical services. Four foundations - the California Endowment, the de Beaumont Foundation, the W.K. Kellogg Foundation, and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation - asked the Institute of Medicine to convene an expert committee to develop a framework for assessing the value of community-based, non-clinical prevention policies and wellness strategies, especially those targeting the prevention of long-term, chronic diseases. The charge to the committee was to define community-based, non-clinical prevention policy and wellness strategies; define the value for community-based, non-clinical prevention policies and wellness strategies; and analyze current frameworks used to assess the value of community-based, non-clinical prevention policies and wellness strategies, including the methodologies and measures used and the short- and long-term impacts of such prevention policy and wellness strategies on health care spending and public health. An Integrated Framework for Assessing the Value of Community-Based Prevention summarizes the committee's findings.
Author: Mark E. Feinberg
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 0429534019
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 189
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Book Description
Demonstrating that public health and prevention program development is as much art as science, this book brings together expert program developers to offer practical guidance and principles in developing effective behavior-change curricula. Feinberg and the team of experienced contributors cover evidence-based programs addressing a range of physical, mental, and behavioral health problems, including ones targeting families, specific populations, and developmental stages. The contributors describe their own professional journeys and decisions in creating, refining, testing, and disseminating a range of programs and strategies. Readers will learn about selecting change-promoting targets based on existing research; developing and creating effective and engaging content; considering implementation and dissemination contexts in the development process; and revising, refining, expanding, abbreviating, and adapting a curriculum across multiple iterations. Designing Evidence-Based Public Health and Prevention Programs is essential reading for prevention scientists, prevention practitioners, and program developers in community agencies. It also provides a unique resource for graduate students and postgraduates in family sciences, developmental psychology, clinical psychology, social work, education, nursing, public health, and counselling.
Author: David R. Black
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 0415884780
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 238
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Book Description
First Published in 2012. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309456479
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 107
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Book Description
Communities provide the context in which programs, principles, and policies are implemented. Their needs dictate the kinds of programs that community organizers and advocates, program developers and implementers, and researchers will bring to bear on a problem. Their characteristics help determine whether a program will succeed or fail. The detailed workings of programs cannot be separated from the communities in which they are embedded. Communities also represent the front line in addressing many behavioral health conditions experienced by children, adolescents, young adults, and their families. Given the importance of communities in shaping the health and well being of young people, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a workshop in June 2016, to examine the implementation of evidence- based prevention by communities. Participants examined questions related to scaling up, managing, and sustaining science in communities. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309169437
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 512
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Book Description
Every year, about 30,000 people die by suicide in the U.S., and some 650,000 receive emergency treatment after a suicide attempt. Often, those most at risk are the least able to access professional help. Reducing Suicide provides a blueprint for addressing this tragic and costly problem: how we can build an appropriate infrastructure, conduct needed research, and improve our ability to recognize suicide risk and effectively intervene. Rich in data, the book also strikes an intensely personal chord, featuring compelling quotes about people's experience with suicide. The book explores the factors that raise a person's risk of suicide: psychological and biological factors including substance abuse, the link between childhood trauma and later suicide, and the impact of family life, economic status, religion, and other social and cultural conditions. The authors review the effectiveness of existing interventions, including mental health practitioners' ability to assess suicide risk among patients. They present lessons learned from the Air Force suicide prevention program and other prevention initiatives. And they identify barriers to effective research and treatment. This new volume will be of special interest to policy makers, administrators, researchers, practitioners, and journalists working in the field of mental health.
Author: Robert K. Conyne
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 1452258015
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 73
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Book Description
"Program Development and Evaluation in Prevention" by Robert K. Conyne, Ph. D. University of Cincinnati. This book in the Prevention Practice Kit illustrates how carefully constructed programs are involved with reaching prevention goals. Using examples and drawing from a clearly presented framework, this book helps readers easily translate concepts and principles of program development and evaluation (PDE) into doable, practical steps. Five tenets guide this book: prevention occurs through programs applied early; a program is comprised of interrelated elements existing within an open system; PDE involves cyclical phases of planning, implementation and effects, while being infused by the processes of community, collaboration, and cultural relevance; conducting prevention PDE relies on both technical and people skills; effective programs depend on sound processes that are guided by an overall 10-step PDE in Prevention Model: Plan the Program. It features: Lay the groundwork for community, collaboration and cultural relevance; Analyze local context and conduct professional literature review; create problem statement; develop preventive goals, objectives, strategies, evaluation; obtain inputs and resources; implement, including Process Evaluation; implement program plan with participants through strategies, comprised of sequenced and coordinated activities, tasks, responsibilities, resources, and timelines; examine process evaluation data to generate feedback; Effects: Evaluate Output; examine outcome evaluation data to determine outcomes; identify impacts, incidence reduction; and disseminate results.
Author: Justine W. Welsh
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030018938
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 168
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Book Description
Clinicians are now facing new substance use-related challenges such as the opioid crisis, a changing political landscape regarding marijuana, and the emergence of new delivery devices such as e-cigarettes. Unfortunately, it is more critical than ever that clinicians caring for adolescents have a proficiency in treating substance use. This book is a comprehensive clinical guide that discusses the prevalence of substance use among adolescents and young adults, as well as prevention strategies, available screening methods, practical treatment applications and their outcomes. Using a multidisciplinary approach with inclusion of authors from diverse clinical backgrounds, this definitive guide provides the best practices for treating adolescent substance use disorders from medical, behavioral, and social standpoints. Supplemented with case examples and written by experts in the field, Treating Adolescent Substance Use appeals to all clinicians that treat adolescent patients.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030904281X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 391
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Book Description
With insightful discussion of program evaluation and the efforts of the Centers for Disease Control, this book presents a set of clear-cut recommendations to help ensure that the substantial resources devoted to the fight against AIDS will be used most effectively. This expanded edition of Evaluating AIDS Prevention Programs covers evaluation strategies and outcome measurements, including a realistic review of the factors that make evaluation of AIDS programs particularly difficult. Randomized field experiments are examined, focusing on the use of alternative treatments rather than placebo controls. The book also reviews nonexperimental techniques, including a critical examination of evaluation methods that are observational rather than experimentalâ€"a necessity when randomized experiments are infeasible.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309049393
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 636
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Book Description
The understanding of how to reduce risk factors for mental disorders has expanded remarkably as a result of recent scientific advances. This study, mandated by Congress, reviews those advances in the context of current research and provides a targeted definition of prevention and a conceptual framework that emphasizes risk reduction. Highlighting opportunities for and barriers to interventions, the book draws on successful models for the prevention of cardiovascular disease, injuries, and smoking. In addition, it reviews the risk factors associated with Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, alcohol abuse and dependence, depressive disorders, and conduct disorders and evaluates current illustrative prevention programs. The models and examination provide a framework for the design, application, and evaluation of interventions intended to prevent mental disorders and the transfer of knowledge about prevention from research to clinical practice. The book presents a focused research agenda, with recommendations on how to develop effective intervention programs, create a cadre of prevention researchers, and improve coordination among federal agencies.
