Human Innate Immune Cell Function and Response to Yersinia Expressing a Functional TTSS and Effector Yops PDF Download
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Author: Justin Spinner
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Yersinia pestis
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
The human innate immune system is reliant upon the coordinated activity of macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils or PMNs) for recognition and elimination of invading pathogens. Yersinia spp. are renowned for their ability to subvert the innate immune system and cause disease in humans. Y. pestis, in particular, is a human pathogen of historical and current significance which relies on the activity of injected virulence plasmid encoded effector Yop proteins, via a type III secretion system, into host immune system cells to evade clearance by the immune system. The activity of Yops within murine macrophages and dendritic cells has been investigated; however, the activity of Yops within human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils or PMNs) has not been directly examined. Herein, the coordinated activity of Y. pestis virulence plasmid encoded Yops on isolated human PMNs is explored. Specifically, the role of Yops in evasion of isolated human PMN phagocytosis, ROS production, killing, and induction of apoptosis is described. Y. pestis was found to inhibit isolated human PMN phagocytosis in a virulence plasmid dependent manner. However, a substantial number of Y. pestis are initially phagocytosed. Phagocytosed bacteria were killed by PMNs regardless of virulence plasmid dependent inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, but there was a population of Y. pestis which survived inside the PMN independent of the presence of the virulence plasmid. Although Y. pestis inhibition of ROS did not directly impact the fate of intracellular bacteria, analysis of PMN cell death following incubation with virulence plasmid containing Y. pestis revealed that PMNs are not induced to undergo YopJ/YopP dependent caspase activation and apoptosis as in macrophages. The absence of the virulence plasmid actually resulted in greater PMN lysis following apoptosis. This suggests that, Yersinia ROS inhibition limits fulminate isolated human PMN apoptosis after phagocytosis.
Author: Justin Spinner
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Yersinia pestis
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
The human innate immune system is reliant upon the coordinated activity of macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils or PMNs) for recognition and elimination of invading pathogens. Yersinia spp. are renowned for their ability to subvert the innate immune system and cause disease in humans. Y. pestis, in particular, is a human pathogen of historical and current significance which relies on the activity of injected virulence plasmid encoded effector Yop proteins, via a type III secretion system, into host immune system cells to evade clearance by the immune system. The activity of Yops within murine macrophages and dendritic cells has been investigated; however, the activity of Yops within human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils or PMNs) has not been directly examined. Herein, the coordinated activity of Y. pestis virulence plasmid encoded Yops on isolated human PMNs is explored. Specifically, the role of Yops in evasion of isolated human PMN phagocytosis, ROS production, killing, and induction of apoptosis is described. Y. pestis was found to inhibit isolated human PMN phagocytosis in a virulence plasmid dependent manner. However, a substantial number of Y. pestis are initially phagocytosed. Phagocytosed bacteria were killed by PMNs regardless of virulence plasmid dependent inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, but there was a population of Y. pestis which survived inside the PMN independent of the presence of the virulence plasmid. Although Y. pestis inhibition of ROS did not directly impact the fate of intracellular bacteria, analysis of PMN cell death following incubation with virulence plasmid containing Y. pestis revealed that PMNs are not induced to undergo YopJ/YopP dependent caspase activation and apoptosis as in macrophages. The absence of the virulence plasmid actually resulted in greater PMN lysis following apoptosis. This suggests that, Yersinia ROS inhibition limits fulminate isolated human PMN apoptosis after phagocytosis.
Author: Holger Heine
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540739300
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 248
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Book Description
This book has been cunningly designed to provide an overview of our current knowledge about the innate immune systems of these three types of organisms. It not only covers the innate immune mechanisms and responses of such diverse organisms as plants, Cnidaria, Drosophila, urochordates and zebrafish, but also the major receptor systems in mammalians and humans. It delves too into the central defense mechanisms, antimicrobial peptides and the complement system.
Author: American Society for Microbiology. General Meeting
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bacteriology
Languages : en
Pages : 852
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Book Description
Author: Robert D. Perry
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387721231
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 454
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Book Description
The 9th International Symposium on Yersinia was held in Lexington, Kentucky, USA on October 10-14, 2006. Over 250 Yersinia researchers from 18 countries gathered to present and discuss their research. In addition to 37 oral presentations, there were 150 poster presentations. This Symposium volume is based on selected presentations from the meeting and contains both reviews and research articles. It is divided into six topic areas: 1) genomics; 2) structure and metabolism; 3) regulatory mechanisms; 4) pathogenesis and host interactions; 5) molecular epidemiology and detection; and 6) vaccine and antimicrobial therapy development. Consequently, this volume covers a wide range of current research areas in the Yersinia field.
Author: Patrice Boquet
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783540238652
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 216
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Book Description
Pathogenic bacteria for human and animals have developed sophisticated weapons, termed virulence factors, to ensure their replication and persistence into their hosts. The authors in this volume show a synthesis on how the various host cellular Rho GTPases activities are manipulated by bacteria to fulfil their virulence.
Author: Eduardo A. Groisman
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0080539580
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 863
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Book Description
Principles of Bacterial Pathogenesis presents a molecular perspective on a select group of bacterial pathogens by having the leaders of the field present their perspective in a clear and authoritative manner. Each chapter contains a comprehensive review devoted to a single pathogen. Several chapters include work from authors outside the pathogenesis field, providing general perspectives on the evolution, regulation, and secretion of virulence and determinants. - Explains the basic principles of bacterial pathogenesis - Covers diverse aspects integrating regulation, cellular microbiology and evolution of microbial disease of humans - Discusses current strategies for the identification of virulence determinants and the methods used by microbes to deliver virulence factors - Presents authoritative treatises of the major disease microorganisms
Author: P.J. Sansonetti
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642772382
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 151
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Book Description
Shigellosis is present all over the world. Anyone traveling in developing countries knows that the control of this invasive disease of the intestine is a priority task for physicians and public health authorities. Victims are essentially young children, and complications such as the hemolytic uremic syndrome make shigellosis a systemic disease rather than simply an infection of the colonic mucosa. However, "Westerners" should not consider shigeJlosis as an unlikely threat of the tropics. The disease arises in industrialized countries as soon as breaches in sanitation appear. A few months ago, at least 500 people developed shigellosis in northern France in an outbreak of Shigella sonnei infection due to accidental contamination of an urban water delivery system. The pathogenesis of shigellosis is an extraordinary topic of research because study of the invasion of the colonic mucosa addresses fundamental questions on. the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which a bacterial pathogen can pene trate non phagocytic cells, survive, multiply, spread in the intra cellular compartment, and eventually kill host cells. Further development of the infection within subepithelial tissues as well as the mechanisms that contribute to the eradication of this process have barely been studied.
Author: Arun Bhunia
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387745378
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 290
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Book Description
At last, here is a graduate-level textbook that focuses on the very latest information on the molecular and cellular mechanism of several major foodborne bacterial pathogens. For the first time in the field, this book makes the link between foodborne illness and immunology. It also covers virulence genes and their regulation in the host or the food environment, pathogenicity testing models, clinical symptoms and prevention and control strategies. Unlike other textbooks this one also covers the host/parasite interaction to a level where readers have a real appreciation of the disease mechanism. It is imperative that we acquire a better understanding of foodborne pathogens. And this is what this brilliant and timely contribution to the subject offers.
Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0124159761
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 719
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Book Description
The second edition of Microbiology of Waterborne Diseases describes the diseases associated with water, their causative agents and the ways in which they gain access to water systems. The book is divided into sections covering bacteria, protozoa, and viruses. Other sections detail methods for detecting and identifying waterborne microorganisms, and the ways in which they are removed from water, including chlorine, ozone, and ultraviolet disinfection. The second edition of this handbook has been updated with information on biofilms and antimicrobial resistance. The impact of global warming and climate change phenomena on waterborne illnesses are also discussed. This book serves as an indispensable reference for public health microbiologists, water utility scientists, research water pollution microbiologists environmental health officers, consultants in communicable disease control and microbial water pollution students. Focuses on the microorganisms of most significance to public health, including E. coli, cryptosporidium, and enterovirus Highlights the basic microbiology, clinical features, survival in the environment, and gives a risk assessment for each pathogen Contains new material on antimicrobial resistance and biofilms Covers drinking water and both marine and freshwater recreational bathing waters
Author: Stefano Guandalini
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319171690
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 889
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Book Description
This textbook provides a comprehensive and state-of-the-art overview of the major issues specific to the field of pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology, and nutrition. The first part of the book, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, presents in a systematic way the overall scope of issues encountered by children (newborn to teenagers) suffering from disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas and/or presenting nutritional issues. These chapters are structured in logical sections to facilitate consultation and include major topics ranging from congenital disorders to gastrointestinal problems of the newborn, infectious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, and approach to nutritional problems in the various pediatric ages. The second part of the book, Hepatology, is articulated in a series of chapters which present a comprehensive review of congenital and acquired disorders of the biliary tract and liver. This section also includes a critical analysis of available diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and future perspectives. Written by experts in the field, Textbook of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition: A Comprehensive Guide to Practice constitutes a much needed, innovative resource combining updated, reliable and comprehensive information with agile consultation for a streamlined approach to the care of children with such disorders.
