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Author: Zhendong Dong
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 981447939X
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 318
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Book Description
It is widely acknowledged that natural language processing, as an indispensable means for information technology, requires the strong support of world knowledge as well as linguistic knowledge. This book is a theoretical exploration into the extra-linguistic knowledge needed for natural language processing and a panoramic description of HowNet as a case study. Readers will appreciate the uniqueness of the discussion on the definitions of the top-level classes HowNet specifies, such as things, parts, attributes, time, space, events and attribute-values, and the relations among them, and also the depth of the authors' philosophy behind HowNet.The book presents the attraction of HowNet's computability of meanings and describes how a software of the computation of meaning can collect so many relevant words and expressions and give a similiarity value between any two words or expressions.
Author: Zhendong Dong
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 981447939X
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 318
Get Book Here
Book Description
It is widely acknowledged that natural language processing, as an indispensable means for information technology, requires the strong support of world knowledge as well as linguistic knowledge. This book is a theoretical exploration into the extra-linguistic knowledge needed for natural language processing and a panoramic description of HowNet as a case study. Readers will appreciate the uniqueness of the discussion on the definitions of the top-level classes HowNet specifies, such as things, parts, attributes, time, space, events and attribute-values, and the relations among them, and also the depth of the authors' philosophy behind HowNet.The book presents the attraction of HowNet's computability of meanings and describes how a software of the computation of meaning can collect so many relevant words and expressions and give a similiarity value between any two words or expressions.
Author: Zhiyuan Liu
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811555737
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 319
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Book Description
This open access book provides an overview of the recent advances in representation learning theory, algorithms and applications for natural language processing (NLP). It is divided into three parts. Part I presents the representation learning techniques for multiple language entries, including words, phrases, sentences and documents. Part II then introduces the representation techniques for those objects that are closely related to NLP, including entity-based world knowledge, sememe-based linguistic knowledge, networks, and cross-modal entries. Lastly, Part III provides open resource tools for representation learning techniques, and discusses the remaining challenges and future research directions. The theories and algorithms of representation learning presented can also benefit other related domains such as machine learning, social network analysis, semantic Web, information retrieval, data mining and computational biology. This book is intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, post-doctoral fellows, researchers, lecturers, and industrial engineers, as well as anyone interested in representation learning and natural language processing.
Author: Jie Tang
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030322335
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 878
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Book Description
This two-volume set of LNAI 11838 and LNAI 11839 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th CCF Conference on Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing, NLPCC 2019, held in Dunhuang, China, in October 2019. The 85 full papers and 56 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 492 submissions. They are organized in the following topical sections: Conversational Bot/QA/IR; Knowledge graph/IE; Machine Learning for NLP; Machine Translation; NLP Applications; NLP for Social Network; NLP Fundamentals; Text Mining; Short Papers; Explainable AI Workshop; Student Workshop: Evaluation Workshop.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309468086
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 235
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Book Description
Thanks to remarkable advances in modern health care attributable to science, engineering, and medicine, it is now possible to cure or manage illnesses that were long deemed untreatable. At the same time, however, the United States is facing the vexing challenge of a seemingly uncontrolled rise in the cost of health care. Total medical expenditures are rapidly approaching 20 percent of the gross domestic product and are crowding out other priorities of national importance. The use of increasingly expensive prescription drugs is a significant part of this problem, making the cost of biopharmaceuticals a serious national concern with broad political implications. Especially with the highly visible and very large price increases for prescription drugs that have occurred in recent years, finding a way to make prescription medicinesâ€"and health care at largeâ€"more affordable for everyone has become a socioeconomic imperative. Affordability is a complex function of factors, including not just the prices of the drugs themselves, but also the details of an individual's insurance coverage and the number of medical conditions that an individual or family confronts. Therefore, any solution to the affordability issue will require considering all of these factors together. The current high and increasing costs of prescription drugsâ€"coupled with the broader trends in overall health care costsâ€"is unsustainable to society as a whole. Making Medicines Affordable examines patient access to affordable and effective therapies, with emphasis on drug pricing, inflation in the cost of drugs, and insurance design. This report explores structural and policy factors influencing drug pricing, drug access programs, the emerging role of comparative effectiveness assessments in payment policies, changing finances of medical practice with regard to drug costs and reimbursement, and measures to prevent drug shortages and foster continued innovation in drug development. It makes recommendations for policy actions that could address drug price trends, improve patient access to affordable and effective treatments, and encourage innovations that address significant needs in health care.
Author: Brianna Schofield
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Authors
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
"Copyright law and contract language are complex, even for attorneys and experts. Authors may be tempted to sign the first version of a publication contract that they receive, especially if negotiating seems complicated, intimidating, or risky. But there is a lot at stake for authors in a book deal, and it is well worth the effort to read the contract, understand its contents, and negotiate for favorable terms. To that end, Understanding and Negotiating Book Publication Contracts identifies clauses that frequently appear in publishing contracts, explains in plain language what these terms (and typical variations) mean, and presents strategies for negotiating "author-friendly" versions of these clauses. When authors have more information about copyright and publication options for their works, they are better able to make and keep their works available in the ways they want"--Publisher.
Author: International Monetary Fund. Statistics Dept.
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 9781557759740
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 176
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Book Description
This Manual offers guidelines for the presentation of monetary and financial statistics. It provides a set of tools for identifying, classifying, and recording stocks and flows of financial assets and liabilities, describes the standard, analytically oriented frame works in which the statistics may be presented, and identifies a set of analytically useful aggregates within those frameworks. The concepts and principles set out in the Manual are harmonized with those of the System of National Accounts 1993.
Author: Ruslan Mitkov
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN: 9027276005
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 488
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Book Description
This volume is based on contributions from the First International Conference on “Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing” (RANLP’95) held in Tzigov Chark, Bulgaria, 14-16 September 1995. This conference was one of the most important and competitively reviewed conferences in Natural Language Processing (NLP) for 1995 with submissions from more than 30 countries. Of the 48 papers presented at RANLP’95, the best (revised) papers have been selected for this book, in the hope that they reflect the most significant and promising trends (and latest successful results) in NLP. The book is organised thematically and the contributions are grouped according to the traditional topics found in NLP: morphology, syntax, grammars, parsing, semantics, discourse, grammars, generation, machine translation, corpus processing and multimedia. To help the reader find his/her way, the authors have prepared an extensive index which contains major terms used in NLP; an index of authors which lists the names of the authors and the page numbers of their paper(s); a list of figures; and a list of tables. This book will be of interest to researchers, lecturers and graduate students interested in Natural Language Processing and more specifically to those who work in Computational Linguistics, Corpus Linguistics and Machine Translation.
Author: Plamen Parvanov Angelov
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814675024
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 964
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Book Description
With the Internet, the proliferation of Big Data, and autonomous systems, mankind has entered into an era of 'digital obesity'. In this century, computational intelligence, such as thinking machines, have been brought forth to process complex human problems in a wide scope of areas — from social sciences, economics and biology, medicine and social networks, to cyber security.The Handbook of Computational Intelligence (in two volumes) prompts readers to look at these problems from a non-traditional angle. It takes a step by step approach, supported by case studies, to explore the issues that have arisen in the process. The Handbook covers many classic paradigms, as well as recent achievements and future promising developments to solve some of these very complex problems. Volume one explores the subjects of fuzzy logic and systems, artificial neural networks, and learning systems. Volume two delves into evolutionary computation, hybrid systems, as well as the applications of computational intelligence in decision making, the process industry, robotics, and autonomous systems.This work is a 'one-stop-shop' for beginners, as well as an inspirational source for more advanced researchers. It is a useful resource for lecturers and learners alike.
Author: David Archer
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789291979318
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 90
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Book Description
Author: Herbert Gintis
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262072526
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 430
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Book Description
Moral Sentiments and Material Interests presents an innovative synthesis of research in different disciplines to argue that cooperation stems not from the stereotypical selfish agent acting out of disguised self-interest but from the presence of "strong reciprocators" in a social group. Presenting an overview of research in economics, anthropology, evolutionary and human biology, social psychology, and sociology, the book deals with both the theoretical foundations and the policy implications of this explanation for cooperation. Chapter authors in the remaining parts of the book discuss the behavioral ecology of cooperation in humans and nonhuman primates, modeling and testing strong reciprocity in economic scenarios, and reciprocity and social policy. The evidence for strong reciprocity in the book includes experiments using the famous Ultimatum Game (in which two players must agree on how to split a certain amount of money or they both get nothing.)
