Author: Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832555381
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 101
Book Description
The field of brain stimulation/neuromodulation has experienced exponential growth in the last decade, with increasing clinical applications in medical specialties, namely psychiatry and neurology. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is the oldest and best-known neuromodulation technique, with a wide application in various psychiatric disorders such as bipolar disorder, major depression, catatonia, psychotic symptoms, and suicidal ideation. However, almost a century after its introduction, its exact mechanisms of action remain unknown. Other techniques such as Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS), initially used in the treatment of tremors and Parkinson's disease, and later expanded to other neurological pathologies, have also been studied and applied in the treatment of mental disorders such as treatment-resistant Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (trOCD) and treatment-resistant Depression (trD). Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is another neuromodulation technique that has seen remarkable growth in recent years, particularly in treating psychiatric pathologies, namely trD. However, these techniques' exact mechanisms of action are still unknown. In addition to these three main techniques, there are many others, including transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), Vagal Nerve Stimulation (VNS), Magnetic Seizure Therapy (MST), and several other emerging techniques. Nevertheless, their exact mechanisms of action in treating neuropsychiatric pathologies are also unknown.
