How Damage to Balsam Fir Develops After a Spruce Budworm Epidemic PDF Download
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Author: Thomas Frederick McLintock
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Balsam fir
Languages : en
Pages : 416
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Book Description
From 1948 to 1952 a light to medium spruce budworm infestation occurred in the spruce-fir forests of northern Maine. During this period both the degree of infestation and the acreage affected fluctuated considerably, but the population remained below the damage level. In 1953 there was a general reduction in budworm population in all portions of northern Maine except a relatively small area of same 20,000 acres near Madawaska Lake. Here a marked increase in infestation occurred. Because of possible damage to trees on this area and the hazard of spread to adjacent areas, this tract was sprayed in the spring of 1954. Meanwhile a very severe outbreak over an area of several thousand square miles in the nearby Province of New Brunswick has become a serious threat to the spruce-fir forests of Maine.
Author: Thomas Frederick McLintock
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Balsam fir
Languages : en
Pages : 416
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Book Description
From 1948 to 1952 a light to medium spruce budworm infestation occurred in the spruce-fir forests of northern Maine. During this period both the degree of infestation and the acreage affected fluctuated considerably, but the population remained below the damage level. In 1953 there was a general reduction in budworm population in all portions of northern Maine except a relatively small area of same 20,000 acres near Madawaska Lake. Here a marked increase in infestation occurred. Because of possible damage to trees on this area and the hazard of spread to adjacent areas, this tract was sprayed in the spring of 1954. Meanwhile a very severe outbreak over an area of several thousand square miles in the nearby Province of New Brunswick has become a serious threat to the spruce-fir forests of Maine.
Author: Thomas Frederick McLintock
Publisher: Forgotten Books
ISBN: 9780266936213
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
Excerpt from How Damage to Balsam Fir Develops After a Spruce Budworm Epidemic There is a lag between the initial defoliation of a fir tree and the first reduction in diameter growth. Another lag of at least 3 years occurs between the time of crown recovery after the epidemic, and a response to this recovery in terms of diameter growth. These lags are thought to be related to continued photosynthesis in the old needles. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author: Thomas Frederick McLintock
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 18
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Book Description
Author: E. V. Bakuzis
Publisher: U of Minnesota Press
ISBN: 0816657017
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 468
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Book Description
Balsam Fir was first published in 1965. Minnesota Archive Editions uses digital technology to make long-unavailable books once again accessible, and are published unaltered from the original University of Minnesota Press editions. Professors Bakuzis and Hansen, with the assistance of a number of co-authors of individual chapters, present an exhaustive survey of the literature on the balsam fir, providing a coherent picture of the species and its place in nature and forestry practice. The balsam fir is used extensively in the pulp and paper industry, and it is known to millions as a traditional Christmas tree. In North America it is a major tree species in Canada, in the northeastern United States, and in the Great Lakes region. In the search of the literature, over 2000 sources were consulted and considerably more than half of them are cited in the book. The references, organized in an ecological framework, cover the period from the seventeenth century to the present. The authors have reviewed and integrated these data in a unified, but multipurposed, book. In the integration of the source material the authors also made contributions of their own. The book contains the following chapters: Botanical Foundations, Geography and Synecology, Ecological Factors, Microbiology, Entomology, Reproduction, Stand Development, Growth and Yield, and Utilization. Appendixes list fungi and myxomycetes and insects associated with balsam fir. There are 30 illustrations, including a frontispiece drawing by the noted nature artist Francis Lee Jaques. The book will appeal to a wide range of readers specifically concerned with forestry, including research workers, educators, entomologists, pathologists, and managing foresters, as well as conservationists and wildlife biologist in general.
Author: Thomas F (Thomas Frederick) McLintock
Publisher: Hassell Street Press
ISBN: 9781014990945
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 26
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Book Description
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Author: George T. Ferrell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Abies concolor
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
Open-grown, pole-sized white firs defoliated by Modoc budworm (Choristoneura viridis) in northeastern California in the years 1959-62 and 1973-75 suffered only minor growth reductions and topkilling compared with the effects that more protracted budworm outbreaks have had elsewhere on their conifer hosts. Growth index analysis indicated that the firs averaged a cumulative height growth deficit of 14.5 percent, or 34 cm (1.1 ft), over both outbreaks. Firs heavily defoliated during the 1973-75 outbreak were more frequently topkilled and consequently suffered larger height growth deficits. Topkilling during both outbreaks, however, was limited to the terminal shoot, resulting in slight crooks or forks, but no decay, in the stems. Radial growth deficits attributable to the outbreaks were not found and, unless future outbreaks are more protracted or otherwise intensify, the Modoc budworm can be considered only a marginal economic pest of firs in California.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 178
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 298
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Author: Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station (Fort Collins, Colo.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 542
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 154
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