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Author: Bartłomiej Kamiński
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Europe
Languages : en
Pages : 50
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Book Description
During the Central European countries' reintegration into the world economy, their proximity and accession to the European Union greatly affected first the flow of capital and then the flow of goods. Countries that adopted radical liberal reform and had preferential access to EU markets have benefited most, attracting foreign direct investment and drawing multinational corporations relocating their production sites.
Author: Bartłomiej Kamiński
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Europe
Languages : en
Pages : 50
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Book Description
During the Central European countries' reintegration into the world economy, their proximity and accession to the European Union greatly affected first the flow of capital and then the flow of goods. Countries that adopted radical liberal reform and had preferential access to EU markets have benefited most, attracting foreign direct investment and drawing multinational corporations relocating their production sites.
Author: Bartlomiej Kaminski
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 44
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Book Description
During the Central European countries' reintegration into the world economy, their proximity and accession to the European Union greatly affected first the flow of capital and then the flow of goods. Countries that adopted radical liberal reform and had preferential access to EU markets have benefited most, attracting foreign direct investment and drawing multinational corporations relocating their production sites.The collapse of central planning set in motion the reintegration of the Central European countries into the world economy. The European Union, because of its proximity, economic weight, and policy-induced deep integration, has shaped these countries' politics and economics. The process of accession to the EU - which began with the signing of the European Association Agreements in 1991 - has influenced their economic institutions, policies, and performance.Kaminski traces the emerging architecture of commercial relations in Europe and argues that the accession process had its greatest impact first on capital flows and later on goods flows.The countries that have benefited most from accession are those that followed the path of radical liberal reform. Radical liberal reform, combined with preferential access to EU markets, attracted foreign direct investment.The European Union provided an outlet initially for Central European countries' unskilled-labor-intensive products and more recently for skilled-labor-intensive and technology-based products.Knowledge-intensive imports from the European Union have also contributed to industrial realignment in the Central European countries. The prospect of accession and, since 1998, unfettered access to EU markets for industrial products has given a boost to multinationals relocating production in these countries.An earlier version of this paper - a product of Trade, Development Research Group - was presented at the quot;Prague 2000 Accessionquot; session at the annual meetings of the International Monetary Fund and World Bank in Prague in September 2000. The author may be contacted at
[email protected].
Author: Peter Nijkamp
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351776533
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 481
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Book Description
This title was first published in 2003. Since 1990, Central and Eastern European countries have experienced increased economic integration with the European Union. The spatial implications of this process have been little investigated so far. Have patterns of regional specialization and industrial concentration changed during the 1990s? How does regional specialization relate to economic performance? How has access to Western markets affected the regional wage structure? What types of regions are winners and what types of regions are losers? This book poses and answers such policy relevant questions. It is organized into three parts. The first introduces the main features of economic integration and transition processes in Central and Eastern Europe and discusses the theoretical and methodological framework of the research. The second part examines the cases of five countries: Bulgaria, Estonia, Hungary, Romania and Slovenia, and the final part includes three comparative analyses which explain the underlying factors that determine the changing patterns of location of manufacturing activity, the adjustment pattern of regional wages and adaptation processes in border regions in the five countries.
Author:
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Urban poor
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
Author: William Francis Maloney
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Income distribution
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
Simple numerical measures of the minimum wage may offer deceptive indicators of its impact. Alternative measures, such as kernel density or cumulative distribution plots, are more reliable, and highlight influences higher in the wage distribution or on the informal sector. Panel employment data from Colombia, where minimum wages seem high and binding, show that the minimum wage can have important impacts on wages and unemployment across the wage distribution.
Author: Kiran D. Pandey
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Deforestation
Languages : en
Pages : 42
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Book Description
Structural adjustment has not promoted domestic deforestation, but it has increased net imports of wood products, implying some displacement of pressure onto other countries' forest resources. Devaluations have significantly increased the exploitation of forest resources.
Author: Donald F. Larson
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Azucar
Languages : en
Pages : 58
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Book Description
Interventions in sugar markets come about for many reasons. Often the consequences of these policies persist even when the circumstances that motivated them change. Or the underlying problems that motivated past interventions remain even when it's clear that current approaches have failed. Reform of sugar markets needs to go beyond eliminating failed policies, and find lasting solutions.
Author: Mario Guadamillas
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Banks and banking
Languages : en
Pages : 44
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Book Description
How to assess securities clearance and settlement systems, based on international standards and best practices.
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 926419391X
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 193
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Book Description
This 2001 edition of OECD's periodic review of the Czech economy examines recent economic developments, policies and prospects and includes special features on improving the efficiency and sustainability of public expenditure and on structural reforms.
Author: Sudharshan Canagarajah
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 54
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Book Description
In an economy facing fiscal constraints, public spending in the social sectors needs to be linked to outcomes to ensure efficient and equitable delivery of services.
