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Author: Asad Jan Khattak
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 5
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Book Description
This paper describes a new method of safety assessment of highway stopping and passing sight distances. Topographic data were collected by flying a plane equipped with a light detection and ranging (LiDAR) system on a section of two-lane rural highway. The collected data were manipulated in a geographic information system (GIS) to obtain three-dimensional models of the various highway subsections. These models were visually analyzed to check for stopping and passing sight distances, thus narrowing the list of locations with potential safety issues. Subsequent line-of-sight analysis in a GIS indicated the presence of several obstructions, prompting a field visit for validation. Field inspection of the locations verified the presence of the obstructions detected during the analysis. Overall, this research indicated the viability of successful visualization of LiDAR data for highway sight distance evaluations and is indicative of LiDAR's potential for highway safety-related applications. Comments on the resources needed to embrace this technology and future research improvements are part of the paper.
Author: Asad Jan Khattak
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 5
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Book Description
This paper describes a new method of safety assessment of highway stopping and passing sight distances. Topographic data were collected by flying a plane equipped with a light detection and ranging (LiDAR) system on a section of two-lane rural highway. The collected data were manipulated in a geographic information system (GIS) to obtain three-dimensional models of the various highway subsections. These models were visually analyzed to check for stopping and passing sight distances, thus narrowing the list of locations with potential safety issues. Subsequent line-of-sight analysis in a GIS indicated the presence of several obstructions, prompting a field visit for validation. Field inspection of the locations verified the presence of the obstructions detected during the analysis. Overall, this research indicated the viability of successful visualization of LiDAR data for highway sight distance evaluations and is indicative of LiDAR's potential for highway safety-related applications. Comments on the resources needed to embrace this technology and future research improvements are part of the paper.
Author: Richard C. Smith
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Geographic information systems
Languages : en
Pages : 58
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Book Description
"In recent years, efforts have been made to expand the analytical features of the Highway Safety Information System (HSIS) by integrating Geographic Information Systems (GIS) capabilities. The original version of the GIS Safety Analysis Tools was released in 1999 and provided practitioners with programs to perform spot/intersection analysis, cluster analysis, strip analysis, sliding-scale evaluations, and corridor analysis. The updated version of this product has just been released and includes additional pedestrian and bicycle safety tools to select safe routes to schools, assess the bicycle compatibility of roadways, and define high pedestrian crash zones.(1-2) One of the continuing goals of distributing the GIS Safety Analysis Tools is to encourage the safety engineers and others within State and municipal departments of transportation and metropolitan planning organizations to explore the capabilities of the GIS-based highway safety analysis tools and to adapt those ideas and applications to fit their particular needs. However, due to the variety of implementations of GIS that exist within these organizations, developing capabilities in highway safety analysis requires an understanding of the requirements of GIS, linear referencing systems (LRS), and GIS-based highway safety analysis applications. The primary goal of this current effort was to discuss GIS/Safety integration in terms that can be understood by both safety engineers and GIS specialists, and to describe issues and solutions involved in the integration of GIS into safety-related analysis efforts. This task report is intended to serve as an educational document for both safety engineers and GIS professionals and to initiate a common dialogue. Hopefully, this report will begin to bridge the gap between the desire to implement GIS highway safety analysis within an organization and the development of a Geographic Information System--Transportation (GIS-T) infrastructure to support that effort"--Technical report documentation page
Author: John S. Miller
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1437904130
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 43
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Book Description
Geographic Info. Systems (GIS) can be employed to relate, organize, and analyze roadway and crash data, thereby facilitating crash countermeasure identification and evaluation. GIS cannot, however, replace the role of the local analyst as a problem solver who needs to interpret results and recommend engineering, enforcement, or educ. improvements. Using the PC-based Micro Traffic Records System (MTRS), a software packaged employed in Virginia that records crashes at either a specific intersection or between 2 cross streets, it was possible to place 82% of the MTRS crash locations within a GIS. Without crashes that were demarcated at ¿private property¿ locations, the placement rate climbs to 94% for intersection locations. Illus.
Author: Guohua Li
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461415993
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 672
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Book Description
Injury is recognized as a major public health issue worldwide. In most countries, injury is the leading cause of death and disability for children and young adults age 1 to 39 years. Each year in the United States, injury claims about 170,000 lives and results in over 30 million emergency room visits and 2.5 million hospitalizations. Injury is medically defined as organ/tissue damages inflicted upon oneself or by an external agent either accidentally or deliberately. Injury encompasses the undesirable consequences of a wide array of events, such as motor vehicle crashes, poisoning, burns, falls, and drowning, medical error, adverse effects of drugs, suicide and homicide. The past two decades have witnessed a remarkable growth in injury research, both in scope and in depth. To address the tremendous health burden of injury morbidity and mortality at the global level, the World Health Organization in 2000 created the Department of Injury and Violence Prevention, which has produced several influential reports on violence, traffic injury, and childhood injury. The biennial World Conference on Injury Control and Safety Promotion attracts a large international audience and has been successfully convened nine times in different countries. In the United States, the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control became an independent program of the federal Centers for Disease Prevention and Control in 1997. Since then, each state health department has created an office in charge of injury prevention activities and over a dozen universities have established injury control research centers. This volume will fill an important gap in the scientific literature by providing a comprehensive and up-to-date reference resource to researchers, practitioners, and students working on different aspects of the injury problem and in different practice settings and academic fields.
Author: Gianluca Dell'Acqua
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1315281872
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 2502
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Book Description
Transport Infrastructure Asset management in transport infrastructure, financial viability of transport engineering projects/ Life cycle Cost Analysis, Life-Cycle Assessment and Sustainability Assessment of transport infrastructure/ Infrastructures financing and pricing with equity appraisal, operation optimization and energy management/ Low-Volume roads: planning, maintenance, operations, environmental and social issues/ Public-Private Partnership (PPP) experience in transport infrastructure in different countries and economic conditions/ Airport Pavement Management Systems, runway design and maintenance/ Port maintenance and development issues, technology relating to cargo handling, landside access, cruise operations/ Infrastructure Building Information Modelling (I-BIM) / Pavement design and innovative bituminous materials/ Recycling and re-use in road pavements, environmentally sustainable technologies/ Stone pavements, ancient roads and historic railways/ Cementitious stabilization of materials used in the rehabilitation of transportation infrastructure. Transport Systems Sustainable transport and the environment protection including green vehicles/ Urban transport, land use development, spatial and transport planning/ Bicycling, bike, bike-sharing systems, cycling mobility/ Human factor in transport systems/ Intelligent Mobility: emerging technologies to enable the smarter movement of people and goods/Airport landside: access roads, parking facilities, terminal facilities, aircraft apron and the azdjacent taxiway/ Transportation policy, planning and design, modelling and decision making/ Transport economics, finance and pricing issues, optimization problems, equity appraisal/ Road safety impact assessments, road safety audits, the management of road network safety and safety inspections/ Tunnels and underground structures: preventing incidents-accidents mitigating their effects for both people and goods/ Traffic flow characteristics, traffic control devices, work zone traffic control, highway capacity and quality of service/ Track-vehicle interactions in railway systems, capacity analysis of railway networks/ Risk assessment and safety in air and railway transport, reliability aspects/ Maritime transport and inland waterways transport research/ Intermodal freight transport: terminals and logistics.
Author: Antonio Vizán Idoipe
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031385632
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 466
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Book Description
This open access book shows some of the highlights presented at the XV Ibero-American Congress of Mechanical Engineering. The papers explore the forefront of Mechanical Engineering, containing research into fluid mechanics, energy systems, tribology, materials science, robotics, mechatronics, biomechanics, instrumentation, thermodynamics, and mechanical sustainability.
Author: Shaw-Pin Miaou
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Traffic safety
Languages : en
Pages : 31
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Book Description
Due to their size and complexity, traffic crash records and related databases have not been particularly accessible to the general public. As more households, schools, and libraries are being equipped with high-speed desktop computers and as more subscribe to broadband communication services, providing Personalized Traffic Safety Information (PTSI) to individuals through the Internet will soon be a cost effective means of sensitizing and educating the public on traffic safety issues and on roadway conditions in areas and roads of personal interest to them. The main objective of this study was to explore and test the capability of existing web-based geographical information system (Web-GIS) technologies to personalize and disseminate traffic safety information to the public in a cost-effective manner. The Web-GIS technologies explored were those that could provide users with on-line access to safety databases and allowed users to visualize the distribution and statistics of traffic crashes geographically and learned about the nature of these crashes over the Internet. In particular, this study looked into the Internet Mapping (IM) technology that has been significantly advanced in recent years. To test these technologies, this project selected Brazos County, Texas, as a testbed. At the time of this study, the locations of crash records and associated road inventory data were not georeferenced in Texas. To meet the research need, an important part of the study was an attempt to develop an efficient and accurate way of geocoding historical traffic crashes using Geographical Information Systems (GIS). In addition, under a joint effort between this and another research project, a prototype web-based traffic safety information system for Texas was developed by this research team. The system was named Web-Based Traffic Safety Information and Analysis System (W - TSIAS). It consists of a set of semi-automated GIS-based procedures for geocoding and is coupled with a suite of Internet mapping capabilities, which allow locations and attributes of geocoded crashes, road inventory, and related data to be securely accessed, viewed, and queried remotely through a typical web browser. One of the functionalites of W - TSIAS was to provide PTSI to the public.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Federal aid to transportation
Languages : en
Pages : 58
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Book Description
This report examines the quality of state crash information; the activities states undertook using 411 grant funds to improve their traffic safety data systems, and the progress they made using the grant funds; and NHTSA's oversight of the grant program
Author: Ronald C. Pfefer
Publisher: Transportation Research Board
ISBN: 9780309066082
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 184
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Book Description
Author: Dominique Lord
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128168188
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 502
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Book Description
Highway Safety Analytics and Modeling comprehensively covers the key elements needed to make effective transportation engineering and policy decisions based on highway safety data analysis in a single. reference. The book includes all aspects of the decision-making process, from collecting and assembling data to developing models and evaluating analysis results. It discusses the challenges of working with crash and naturalistic data, identifies problems and proposes well-researched methods to solve them. Finally, the book examines the nuances associated with safety data analysis and shows how to best use the information to develop countermeasures, policies, and programs to reduce the frequency and severity of traffic crashes. Complements the Highway Safety Manual by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials Provides examples and case studies for most models and methods Includes learning aids such as online data, examples and solutions to problems
