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Author: Eduard Hála
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483160866
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 624
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Book Description
Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium, Second Edition covers the theoretical principles and methods of calculation of equilibrium conditions from various experimental data and the elements of measuring technique, as well as the instruments for the direct determination of the equilibrium compositions of the liquid and vapor phases of the system. The book discusses the relations necessary for the thermodynamic treatment of the equilibrium between the liquid and vapor phase of a system; the concept of an ideal solution and auxiliary thermodynamic functions; and the activity and the activity coefficient. The text also describes vapor-liquid equilibrium in real systems (electrolytes and non-electrolytes) and in systems whose components (i.e. temperature, pressure, and composition of phases) mutually react according to several stoichiometric equations. The criteria of purity of substances and the methods of measuring temperature; low, medium, and high pressures; the pressures of the saturated vapors at given temperatures; and the boiling points at given pressures used in laboratory work in the field of vapor-liquid equilibrium are considered. The book also tackles the methods for the direct determination of equilibrium data (distillation, circulation, static, dew and bubble point, and flow methods). The text concludes with a review of the literature on the systems whose vapor-liquid equilibrium data had been measured and reported to the beginning of 1954. Workers in the chemical industry who deal with problems of distillation and rectification will find the book useful.
Author: Eduard Hála
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483160866
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 624
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Book Description
Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium, Second Edition covers the theoretical principles and methods of calculation of equilibrium conditions from various experimental data and the elements of measuring technique, as well as the instruments for the direct determination of the equilibrium compositions of the liquid and vapor phases of the system. The book discusses the relations necessary for the thermodynamic treatment of the equilibrium between the liquid and vapor phase of a system; the concept of an ideal solution and auxiliary thermodynamic functions; and the activity and the activity coefficient. The text also describes vapor-liquid equilibrium in real systems (electrolytes and non-electrolytes) and in systems whose components (i.e. temperature, pressure, and composition of phases) mutually react according to several stoichiometric equations. The criteria of purity of substances and the methods of measuring temperature; low, medium, and high pressures; the pressures of the saturated vapors at given temperatures; and the boiling points at given pressures used in laboratory work in the field of vapor-liquid equilibrium are considered. The book also tackles the methods for the direct determination of equilibrium data (distillation, circulation, static, dew and bubble point, and flow methods). The text concludes with a review of the literature on the systems whose vapor-liquid equilibrium data had been measured and reported to the beginning of 1954. Workers in the chemical industry who deal with problems of distillation and rectification will find the book useful.
Author: Ulrich K Deiters
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0444563547
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 363
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Book Description
The book begins with an overview of the phase diagrams of fluid mixtures (fluid = liquid, gas, or supercritical state), which can show an astonishing variety when elevated pressures are taken into account; phenomena like retrograde condensation (single and double) and azeotropy (normal and double) are discussed. It then gives an introduction into the relevant thermodynamic equations for fluid mixtures, including some that are rarely found in modern textbooks, and shows how they can they be used to compute phase diagrams and related properties. This chapter gives a consistent and axiomatic approach to fluid thermodynamics; it avoids using activity coefficients. Further chapters are dedicated to solid-fluid phase equilibria and global phase diagrams (systematic search for phase diagram classes). The appendix contains numerical algorithms needed for the computations. The book thus enables the reader to create or improve computer programs for the calculation of fluid phase diagrams. - introduces phase diagram classes, how to recognize them and identify their characteristic features - presents rational nomenclature of binary fluid phase diagrams - includes problems and solutions for self-testing, exercises or seminars
Author: Kwang-chu Chao
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 616
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Book Description
Author: Hasan Orbey
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521620277
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 230
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Book Description
Reviews the latest developments in a subject relevant to professionals involved in the simulation and design of chemical processes - includes disk of computer programs.
Author: Tarek Ahmed
Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
ISBN: 1856179028
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 149
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Book Description
Working Guide to Vapor-Liquid Phase Equilibria Calculations offers a practical guide for calculations of vapor-phase equilibria. The book begins by introducing basic concepts such as vapor pressure, vapor pressure charts, equilibrium ratios, and flash calculations. It then presents methods for predicting the equilibrium ratios of hydrocarbon mixtures: Wilson's correlation, Standing's correlation, convergence pressure method, and Whitson and Torp correlation. The book describes techniques to determine equilibrium ratios of the plus fraction, including Campbell's method, Winn's method, and Katz's method. The remaining chapters cover the solution of phase equilibrium problems in reservoir and process engineering; developments in the field of empirical cubic equations of state (EOS) and their applications in petroleum engineering; and the splitting of the plus fraction for EOS calculations. - Includes explanations of formulas - Step by step calculations - Provides examples and solutions
Author: Gerd Brunner
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3662073803
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 396
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Book Description
Application of compressed gases as solvents has found widespread interest within the scientific community. Its processes have industrial applications. Gas Extraction deals with the possibilities of supercritical gases as solvents for separation processes. The volume combines physico-chemical aspects with chemical engineering methods. The text generalizes as far as possible, and treats examples in detail. Gas Extraction covers, for the first time, the subject in textbook form. Most of the examples provide new results that will be helpful for practicing scientists, engineers, and students who want to make use of the techniques.
Author: Aage Fredenslund
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0444601503
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 393
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Book Description
Vapor-Liquid Equilibria Using UNIFAC: A Group-Contribution Method focuses on the UNIFAC group-contribution method used in predicting quantitative information on the phase equilibria during separation by estimating activity coefficients. Drawing on tested vapor-liquid equilibrium data on which UNIFAC is based, it demonstrates through examples how the method may be used in practical engineering design calculations. Divided into nine chapters, this volume begins with a discussion of vapor and liquid phase nonidealities and how they are calculated in terms of fugacity and activity coefficients, respectively. It then introduces the reader to the UNIFAC method and how it works, the procedure used in establishing the parameters needed for the model, prediction of binary and multicomponent vapor-liquid equilibria for a large number of systems, the potential of UNIFAC for predicting liquid-liquid equilibria, and how UNIFAC can be used to solve practical distillation design problems. This book will benefit process design engineers who want to reliably predict phase equilibria for designing distillation columns and other separation processes.
Author: Robert Lawrence Miner
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : High pressure (Science)
Languages : en
Pages : 62
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Book Description
Author: Ulrich K Deiters
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 044313281X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 476
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Book Description
High pressures play a more and more important role in modern technology. Examples are the supercritical fluid extraction of medical drugs and dyes from biological material, the handling of compressed or liquefied gases (including natural gas or hydrogen), the operation of modern thermal power plants, or various technical processes for controlled particle formation. High-Pressure Fluid Phase Equilibria, Second Edition enables understanding of the complicated phase behaviour that fluid or fluid mixtures (liquids, gases, or supercritical phases) can exhibit at elevated pressures. The underlying thermodynamic equations are explained, and robust algorithms for the computation of such equilibria (including solid–fluid equilibria) are proposed. Since the publication of the first edition of this book there have been many new developments, for instance differential equation methods for the computation of phase equilibria, accurate numerical differentiation, high-precision equations of state (e.g., the GERG model). Moreover, more detail and explanation has been added on important topics that were only briefly examined in the original book to better assist the reader, such as expansion processes and chemical reactions). The book remains invaluable as a single resource for grasping the intricacies of fluid phase behaviour. It enables readers to write or improve their own computer programs for the calculation of phase equilibria. It will appeal to graduate students of chemical engineering and university research staff involved in chemical engineering of supercritical fluids or the physical chemistry of fluids; the book can also serve as the basis of lectures or advanced students' seminars. - Comprehensively presents the complex world of phase equilibria (binary and ternary) and the various methods for computing phase equilibria, whilst carefully considering the relevant pressure and temperature ranges - Introduces phase diagram classes, how to recognize them, and how to identify their characteristic features - Presents rational nomenclature of binary fluid phase diagrams - Includes problems and solutions for self-testing, exercises, or seminarsNew to this Edition: - Presentation of the phase equilibria models is extended and expanded - There are now more descriptions on more equations of state, especially the PCSAFT EoS - Features new chapter on nonisothermal applications and chemically reactive systems and extensive updates and additions to all existing chapters
Author: Shūzō Ōe
Publisher: Elsevier Science & Technology
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 394
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Book Description
High pressure vapor-liquid equilibrium data are important when very pure compounds are to be prepared, and they are also needed for high pressure liquid or supercritical chromatography. This volume is a compilation of high pressure vapor-liquid equilibrium data for 700 binary system, processed and plotted by computer for ready inspection of the whole spectrum. The information given for each system comprises: the components' names, chemical formulae, cited literature, and critical temperature, critical pressures, acentric factors of the components, optimized values of the parameters for the Peng-Robinson equations, the errors, and phase diagrams for visual comparison of the experimental data and calculated values. An alphabetical index by system name is included in the book which will be a useful reference for chemical engineers, research chemists, and graduate students who are interested in the chemical process industry.
