Hearings Before the Special Subcommittee on Contracts...89-2, December 19-21, 30, 1966 PDF Download
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Author: United States. Congress. House. House Administration
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 508
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Book Description
Author: United States. Congress. House. House Administration
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 508
Get Book
Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Congressional interest in facilitating U.S. technological innovation led to the passage of P.L. 96- 517, Amendments to the Patent and Trademark Act (commonly referred to as the Bayh-Dole Act after its two main sponsors). The act grants patent rights to inventions arising out of government sponsored research and development (R & D) to certain types of entities with the expressed purpose of encouraging the commercialization of new technologies through cooperative ventures between and among the research community, small business, and industry. Patents provide an economic incentive for companies to pursue further development and commercialization. Studies indicate that research funding accounts for approximately one-quarter of the costs associated with bringing a new product to market. Patent ownership is seen as a way to encourage the additional, and often substantial investment necessary for generating new goods and services. In an academic setting, the possession of title to inventions is expected to provide motivation for the university to license the technology to the private sector for commercialization in expectation of royalty payments. The Bayh-Dole Act has been seen as particularly successful in meeting its objectives. However, while the legislation provides a general framework to promote expanded utilization of the results of federally funded research and development, questions are being raised as to the adequacy of current arrangements. Most agree that closer cooperation among industry, government, and academia can augment funding sources (both in the private and public sectors), increase technology transfer, stimulate more innovation (beyond invention), lead to new products and processes, and expand markets. However, others point out that collaboration may provide an increased opportunity for conflict of interest, redirection of research, less openness in sharing of scientific discovery, and a greater emphasis on applied rather than basic research.
Author: Cento G. Veljanovski
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139464892
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 7
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Book Description
Economic Principles of Law, first published in 2007, applies economics to the doctrines, rules and remedies of the common law. In plain English and using non-technical analysis, it offers an introduction and exposition of the 'economic approach' to law - one of the most exciting and vibrant fields of legal scholarship and applied economics. Beginning with a brief history of the field, it sets out the basic economic concepts useful to lawyers, and applies these to assess the core areas of the common law - property, contract, tort and crime - with particular emphasis on their doctrinal structure and remedies. This is done using leading cases drawn from the birthplace of the common law (England & Wales) and other common law jurisdictions. The book serves as a primer to the wider use of economics which has become increasingly important for law students, lawyers, legislators, regulators and those concerned with our legal system generally.
Author: British Broadcasting Corporation
Publisher:
ISBN: 9788880345176
Category : BBC
Languages : en
Pages : 84
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Book Description
Author: Wendy H. Schacht
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1437936091
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 15
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Book Description
Technology can contribute to economic growth and productivity increases. Legislative activity over the past 25 or more years has created a policy for technology development. Because of the lack of consensus on the scope and direction of a national policy, Congress has taken an incremental approach aimed at creating new mechanisms to facilitate technological advancement in particular areas and making changes and improvements as necessary. Contents of this report: (1) Technol. and Competitive.; (2) The Fed. Role in Technology Development; (3) Legislative Initiatives and Current Programs: Increased R&D Spending: Industry-Univ. Coop. Efforts; Joint Industrial Research; Commercializing Federally Funded R&D; Different Approach?
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chicago (Ill.)
Languages : en
Pages : 420
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Book Description
Author: Roscoe Pound
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 192
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 9780821347225
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 76
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Book Description
These Standard Prequalification Documents serve as a guide for those wanting to prequalify to bid on large contracts for projects financed by the World Bank. Qualifying as a bidder is separate from the bid evaluation process. Before invitations to bid on large or especially complex works projects are issued, a process of prequalification is required to select competent bidders. This document helps bidders through the prequalification process. To simplify presentation by applicants for prequalification, standard forms have been prepared for the submission of relevant information. Guidance notes and examples are provided for the implementing agency making the evaluation. Annexes give information about prequalification that are likely to be of interest to potential bidders on World Bank projects. NOTE: This replaces Standard Prequalification Document: Procurement of Works (September 1999), Stock no. 14601 (ISBN 0-8213-4601-6).
Author: Jeffrey H. Matsuura
Publisher: Artech House Publishers
ISBN:
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 216
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Book Description
The emerging commercial application of nanotechnology involves devices, processes, and materials that are manipulated at the atomic and molecular level. This first-of-its-kind resource identifies and describes the legal and policy initiatives aimed at encouraging or restricting nanotech research and applications.
Author: Roger G. Noll
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Book Description
The American research university enjoyed an unprecedented boom from the end of World War II until the 1990s. All sources of financial support for universities--federal grants, private gifts, state appropriations, student tuition, and revenues from university medical centers--grew substantially. As a result, traditionally prestigious universities expanded and numerous other universities were transformed from primarily teaching institutions to significant research centers. But in the 1990s, research universities have experienced the first protracted challenge to the boom of the preceeding four decades. This book examines the nature of the challenges to research universities, and their likely effects on the number, size, and operation of these universities. The authors assess the prospects for research support from government, industry, and profits from university medical centers, and conclude that the future does not appear bright in these cases. They also examine the methods used by the federal government to pay for university research, and propose changes that would make both universities and the federal government better off by reducing the administrative costs of federal grants. Their primary conclusion is that in the next decade American research universities will face increasingly stringent budgets, and will be forced to shrink and refocus their activities in order to survive as research institutions.
