An Introduction To Solar Radiation PDF Download
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Author: Muhammad Iqbal
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323151817
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 409
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Book Description
An Introduction to Solar Radiation is an introductory text on solar radiation, with emphasis on the methods of calculation for determining the amount of solar radiation incident on a surface on the earth. Topics covered include the astronomical relationship between the sun and the earth; thermal radiation; the solar constant and its spectral distribution; and extraterrestrial solar irradiation. This book is comprised of 12 chapters and begins with an overview of the trigonometric relationships between the sun-earth line and the position of an inclined surface, followed by a discussion on the characteristics of blackbody radiation. The next chapter focuses on the solar constant and its spectral distribution, paying particular attention to extraterrestrial solar spectral irradiance and the sun's blackbody temperature. Subsequent chapters explore extraterrestrial and radiation incident on inclined planes; the optics of a cloudless-sky atmosphere; solar spectral radiation and total (broadband) radiation under cloudless skies; and solar radiation arriving at horizontal surfaces on the earth through cloudy skies. The ground albedo and its spectral and angular variation are also described, along with insolation on inclined surfaces. The last chapter is devoted to instruments for measuring solar radiation, including pyrheliometers and pyranometers. This monograph will serve as a useful guide for energy analysts, designers of thermal devices, architects and engineers, agronomists, and hydrologists as well as senior graduate students.
Author: Muhammad Iqbal
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323151817
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 409
Get Book Here
Book Description
An Introduction to Solar Radiation is an introductory text on solar radiation, with emphasis on the methods of calculation for determining the amount of solar radiation incident on a surface on the earth. Topics covered include the astronomical relationship between the sun and the earth; thermal radiation; the solar constant and its spectral distribution; and extraterrestrial solar irradiation. This book is comprised of 12 chapters and begins with an overview of the trigonometric relationships between the sun-earth line and the position of an inclined surface, followed by a discussion on the characteristics of blackbody radiation. The next chapter focuses on the solar constant and its spectral distribution, paying particular attention to extraterrestrial solar spectral irradiance and the sun's blackbody temperature. Subsequent chapters explore extraterrestrial and radiation incident on inclined planes; the optics of a cloudless-sky atmosphere; solar spectral radiation and total (broadband) radiation under cloudless skies; and solar radiation arriving at horizontal surfaces on the earth through cloudy skies. The ground albedo and its spectral and angular variation are also described, along with insolation on inclined surfaces. The last chapter is devoted to instruments for measuring solar radiation, including pyrheliometers and pyranometers. This monograph will serve as a useful guide for energy analysts, designers of thermal devices, architects and engineers, agronomists, and hydrologists as well as senior graduate students.
Author: United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 606
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Book Description
Author: Toby N. Carlson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Solar radiation
Languages : en
Pages : 36
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mechanics, Applied
Languages : en
Pages : 608
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Book Description
Author: Alfred E. Barrington
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics in meteorology
Languages : en
Pages : 302
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0080568424
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 437
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Book Description
Advances in Geophysics
Author: Anne Bettine Kahle
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Radiative transfer
Languages : en
Pages : 410
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Book Description
The problem of radiative transfer in plane-parallel, perfectly scattering atmosphere is described. Chandrasekhar's solution applicable to atmospheres of small and moderate optical thickness is outlined. His solution reduces the problem to that of determining the X-, Y-, K-, and L-functions, the scattering functions. Mullikin has extended this method of solution to atmospheres of large optical thickness. Sekera and Kahle have used Mullikin's method of solution of calculating the emergent radiation from plane-parallel Rayleigh-scattering atmospheres of large optical thickness. Their numerical results are reproduced here in the Appendix, as tables of scattering functions. The numerical method for determining the intensity and polarization of the radiation emerging from the top and bottom of atmospheres is given, and suggestions for additional uses of the tables are made. Finally, a few examples of representative calculations are presented. (Author).
Author: Kinsell Coulson
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323155510
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 335
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Book Description
Solar and Terrestrial Radiation: Methods and Measurements basically summarizes instruments used in routine measurements of solar and terrestrial radiation at the earth's surface. Because of developments in this field, these certain instruments are sufficiently relevant for meteorological and climatological purposes. Although the emphasis of the book is on the radiation instrumentation, basic theory is still covered and discussed for the purpose of understanding basic radiative processes in the atmosphere. The featured instruments in this book show that if used properly, these instruments can eliminate certain deficiencies in climatological data and routine monitoring of the radiative regime of the surface and lower atmosphere. However, the scope of the study is limited in which they cannot be of use in terms of being precise in studies of climatic change, spectral distribution of atmospheric radiation, and other specific meteorological and technological requirements. This book is designed to be of valuable use to meteorologists, climatologists, and physicists. Students, specifically graduate students, can also make use of the book as well.
Author: David M. Gates
Publisher: Courier Corporation
ISBN: 0486140792
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 642
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Book Description
This classic and highly influential text presents a uniquely comprehensive view of the field of biophysical ecology. In its analytical interpretation of the ecological responses of plants and animals to their environments, it draws upon studies of energy exchange, gas exchange, and chemical kinetics. The first four chapters offer a preliminary treatment of the applications of biophysical ecology, discussing energy and energy budgets and their applications to plants and animals, and defining radiation laws and units. Succeeding chapters concern the physical environment, covering the topics of radiation, convection, conduction, and evaporation. The spectral properties of radiation and matter are reviewed, along with the geometrical, instantaneous, daily, and annual amounts of both shortwave and longwave radiation. The book concludes with more elaborate analytical methods for the study of photosynthesis in plants and energy budgets in animals, in addition to animal and plant temperature responses. This text will prove of value to students and environmental researchers from a variety of fields, particularly ecology, agronomy, forestry, botany, and zoology.
Author: Goddard Space Flight Center
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 626
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Book Description
Assessments of present and future sensors and sensor related technology are reported along with a description of user needs and applications. Five areas are outlined: (1) electromechanical scanners, (2) self-scanned solid state sensors, (3) electron beam imagers, (4) sensor related technology, and (5) user applications. Recommendations, charts, system designs, technical approaches, and bibliographies are included for each area.
