Genetic Approaches to Investigation of the Rp(reduced Pigment) Gene in Carrot(Daucus Carota L.) PDF Download
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Author: Azumi Tozuka
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
Author: Azumi Tozuka
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 276
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 510
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Book Description
Carrot (Daucus carota) is an important vegetable crop, providing over 30% of the pro-vitamin A carotenoids in the human diet in the United States. As a major source of these nutriceutical compounds, research efforts have been directed to the regulation of this complex metabolic pathway. This project focused on evaluating gene expression, sequence changes and genetic mapping as it relates to the accumulation of the carotenoid pigments alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, xanthophylls, and lutein. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to determine the level of expression of genes in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway in different carrot culitvars. Two genes, phytoene synthase 1 (PSY1) and phytoene synthase 2 (PSY2) were found to be expressed at significantly higher levels in orange and dark orange carrot cultivars, whereas the pale orange rp "reduced pigment" mutant exhibited reduced phytoene desaturase (PDS) expression. DNA sequence analysis of putative promoter and coding regions of both PSY1 and PSY2 has identified sequence polymorphisms and large deletions were identified in the putative promoter of PSY2 in the dark orange cultivar B2327. Simple sequence repeat markers (SSRs) were used to create a genetic map from an F2 population segregating for the rp mutation. HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) analyses of the carotenoids of carrot leaf tissue demonstrated xanthophylls and beta-carotene as the carotenoids present in all carrots, but significantly higher levels of alpha-carotene was identified in carrot germplasm with orange and dark orange storage roots. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis identified genotype specific variation in photosystem II efficiency, significantly impacted by the time of harvest. To identify new candidate genes involved in carotenoid accumulation in carrot storage root, microarray analysis of sibling white and orange inbred lines from a cross of orange X white carrots was completed. Expression of three genes involved in photosynthesis was significantly higher in the orange rooted carrot germplasm. To examine the role that chromoplast biosynthesis may have in the accumulation of carotenoid pigments, the ratio of nuclear to plastid genome was analyzed in carrot germplasm with differing levels of pigmentation.
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9251305269
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 319
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Book Description
This paper provides guidelines for new high-throughput screening methods – both phenotypic and genotypic – to enable the detection of rare mutant traits, and reviews techniques for increasing the efficiency of crop mutation breeding.
Author: Erich Grotewold
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780387745503
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 300
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Book Description
This is the only book of its kind to provide an overview of the science of flavonoids in plants.
Author: Chunxian Chen
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1493923560
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
This comprehensive treatise provides a systemic and insightful overview of current advances in the biosynthetic genomics/genetics and preventive dietetics of carotenoids, flavonoids and betalains, from a general perspective, and in specific fruits and vegetables as well. Genomics/genetics focuses on what and how enzymatic and regulatory genes are involved in pigment biosynthesis. Dietetics emphasizes how these pigments contribute nutritional/medical benefits to health, prevent diseases, and act as potential nutraceuticals in the diet. The goal is to provide research scientists, nutrition specialists, healthy food advocates, students, and rainbow food (fruit and vegetable) lovers with an integrated resource on the biosynthetic and dietetic mechanisms of these pigments.
Author: Om Prakash Gupta
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000410196
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 382
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Book Description
Genome Editing in Plants: Principles and Applications addresses the information of genome editing starting from principles and historical aspects to the latest advancements in the field. As genome-editing technology has emerged as promising and cutting edge, researchers around the world have started producing original research outputs, which have significantly improved our current understanding and potential of this technology. The initial chapters of this book describe different genome-editing tools as well as their principles and applications. Other chapters are dedicated to the present status and future applications of genome-editing techniques in various crop improvement programmes. Some of the advanced applications of CRISPR/Cas tools, such as base editing and RNA detection, along with regulatory aspects of genome-edited crops are described in detail. This book serves as a valuable resource to researchers in the field of crop improvement; graduate and postgraduate students engaged in plant molecular biology and biotechnology; academicians; and policy makers. Key Features: Addresses topics associated with historical development and principles of genome-editing technology Addresses basic mechanisms operating under each genome-editing technology Addresses its application in plants to design crops as per the current and future demands Addresses the regulatory mechanisms of genome-edited crops
Author: Claudia Stange
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319391267
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 454
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Book Description
This comprehensive, edited book explores carotenoids and their important functional roles in yeast, bacteria and plants and a profound exposition on the structures of carotenoid molecules, focusing in the first of three parts on the biosynthesis of carotenoids. The regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis in photosynthesis as well as in plant, fruits, storage roots and algae is central to the second part, and discoveries about the function of carotenoids in human health feature in the third and final part. Many helpful illustrations, explanations, overviews and examples help to bring readers up to date on relevant themes including carotenogenic genes, carotenoids in fruits and metabolic engineering. The book explores where carotenoids are synthesized in nature, including in carrots and algae. Contributing expert authors examine enzyme functions and plant models, and analyze the structure of carotenoid molecules. The function of carotenoids in photosynthesis and in photosynthetic organs as well as during fruit ripening are then explored. A whole chapter is dedicated to the latest research on apocarotenoids and further chapters cover interesting and novel themes on plastid development and the epigenetic regulation that affects carotenoid synthesis in plants. The metabolic engineering of carotenoids that has been done in fruits, plants, and seeds is another area that readers can explore, along with evidences on the function of carotenoids in human nutrition, as antioxidants, as in the control of lipid metabolism and in the absorption of carotenoids. This is a highly informative and wide-ranging work which will update researchers in the field, as well as supporting students of plant physiology and biotechnology, as supplementary reading.
Author: Y. H. Hui
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780203912911
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 766
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Book Description
Representing the vanguard in the field with research from more than 35 international experts spanning governmental, industrial, and academic sectors, the Handbook of Vegetable Preservation and Processing compiles the latest science and technology in the processing and preservation of vegetables and vegetable products. This reference serves as the only guide to compile key tools used in the United States to safeguard and protect the quality of fresh and processed vegetables. A vast and contemporary source, it considers recent issues in vegetable processing safety such as modified atmosphere packaging, macroanalytical methods, and new technologies in microbial inactivation.
Author: Jeana Gross
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461520339
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 361
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Book Description
Author: Jameel M. Al-Khayri
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030669653
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 559
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Book Description
This book examines the development of innovative modern methodologies towards augmenting conventional plant breeding, in individual crops, for the production of new crop varieties under the increasingly limiting environmental and cultivation factors to achieve sustainable agricultural production, enhanced food security, in addition to providing raw materials for innovative industrial products and pharmaceuticals. This Volume 8, subtitled Vegetable Crops: Bulbs, Roots and Tubers, consists of 12 chapters focusing on advances in breeding strategies using both traditional and modern approaches for the improvement of individual vegetable crops. Chapters are arranged in 3 parts according to the edible vegetable parts. Part I: Bulbs - Garlic (Allium sativum L.), Leek (Allium ampeloprasum L.) and Shallot (Allium cepa L. Aggregatum group); Part II: Roots - Beetroot (Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris var. conditiva Alefeld), Carrot (Daucus carota L.), Parsnip (Pastinaca sativa L.), Radish (Raphanus sativus L.), Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris L.) and Turnip (Brassica rapa var. rapa L.), Part III: Tubers - Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and Sweet potato (Ipomea batatas L.). The chapters were contributed by 38 internationally reputable scientists from 13 countries. Each chapter comprehensively reviews the modern literature on the subject and reflects the authors own experience.
