A Genetic Analysis of Geotaxis in Drosophila Melanogaster PDF Download
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Author: Loise Erlenmeyer-Kimling
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 484
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Author: Loise Erlenmeyer-Kimling
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 484
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Author:
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 84
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Keywords: negative geotaxis, quantitative genetics, drosophila.
Author: Roy Carter Hostetter
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 74
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Author:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Behaviors are complex traits, which exhibit continuous phenotypic variation in natural populations. The continuous variation is attributable to the segregation of multiple interacting loci with individually small effects on behavior, which are sensitive to the environment. In Drosophila, loci with small, environmentally sensitive effects on behavior can be identified by screening collections of P-element insertions that have been generated in a co-isogenic background. Here, we have used this approach to identify novel candidate genes affecting geotaxis. Drosophila melanogaster are negatively geotactic, i.e., flies move opposite the Earth's gravitational vector when disturbed. We developed a rapid assay to quantify this geotactic behavior. Individual flies are placed in a 15cm tube, and lightly tapped to the bottom. The vertical distance traveled in 10s is the measure of behavior. Using this assay, we quantified the behavior of 475 co-isogenic P-element insertion lines, generated in co-isogenic Canton-S backgrounds as part of the Berkeley Drosophila Gene Disruption Project. The most extreme scoring lines were also assayed for locomotor activity to control for pleiotropic effects associated with this quantitative trait. We found 24 lines with increased, and 15 lines with decreased geotaxis. Four lines had sex-specific effects on geotactic behavior. Seventeen of the mutations are in known genes, many of which affect neurogenesis (e.g. Mushroom-body expressed and neuralized). The remaining are insertions in predicted genes of unknown function. We tested a subset of lines in the classic geotaxis maze. Of the ten lines chosen to be tested, eight lines showed a significant difference from the parental line, and of these, six lines showed a phenotype that corroborated our observations in the climbing assay. Thus, our approach identified new candidate genes that contribute to geotaxis in Drosophila melanogaster.
Author: Jerry Hirsch
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 442
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Author: Lee Ehrman
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483269159
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 345
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Genetics, Environment, and Behavior: Implications for Educational Policy is a collection of papers from the "Genetic Endowment and Environment in the Determination of Behavior" workshop in New York in October 1971. The book discusses the relationships between genetic characteristics and behavior as being significant in understanding human behavior and learning. The text also considers the different approaches made by geneticists and psychologists on this subject. Several papers review, in terms of both quantitative and qualitative analysis, the role that genetics and the environment play in determining behavior. One paper explains the possible role of genetic determination in behaviors as found in mice and men that show high probabilities of heritabilities. Another paper tackles biochemical genetics and explains the evolution of human behavior by addressing the enzyme variations in human brains and the role of language and culture. The book also cites gene-environment interactions and the variability that can be found in behavior with references to the works of Ginsburg (1967) and Vale and Vale (1969). One paper comments on the future of human behavior genetics, highlighting the distinction between what should happen and what most probably will happen. This text is suitable for sociologists, behavioral scientists, geneticists, educators, and students in psychology, psychiatry, and related branches of medicine.
Author: Florence Heller
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Drosophila melanogaster
Languages : en
Pages : 96
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Author: Jeffry Philip Ricker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fruit-flies
Languages : en
Pages : 320
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Author: Therese Ann Markow
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Drosophila melanogaster
Languages : en
Pages : 200
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Author:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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