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Author: Thijs van Kessel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mud
Languages : en
Pages : 172
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Book Description
Siltation of harbours and coastal zones is often undesirable as it diminishes navigability. Besides, deposited mud is often polluted, because it specifically adsorbs contaminants from the water. For managers of harbours and coastal zones it is therefore important to know prior to execution whether planned projects will diminish or increase siltation. Theperformance of the current cohesive sedi¬ment transport models, which are being used as a tool for making predictions,is sometimes disappointing and therefore needs further improvement. The short¬comings are caused to a great extent by an insufficient knowledge of mechanisms underlying cohesive sediment transport.Of these mechanisms some are studied in this thesis, particularly the generation and transport of concentrated fluid mud layers near the sea bed. For thispurpose, first the material properties such as strength and viscosity of mud both in fluid form and solid form are determined, using rheological instruments and a miniature sounding probe. Subsequently, the liquefaction of deposited mud by waves is studied with laboratory experiments, as well as the resulting flow on a sloping bed caused by gravity. Mathematical models aiming at describing these phenomena are compared with the experiments. Finally, these modelsare used to evaluate the behaviour of mud under natural conditions. In support of this, also some field observations reported in the literature are analyzed.The conclusion is that mud layers that have been deposited under quiet conditionsmay suddenly become liquid under storm conditions and can subsequently be transported. The likelihood of this type of behaviour depends on the strength of the deposits, which is related to the degree of consolidation after deposition. Transport of fluid mud layers may result in sudden changes in bathymetry. Espe¬cially in navigation channels this phenomenon may occur, as flow of fluid mud on adjacent slopes is enhanced by gravity. This should be well taken into account when modelling. Rheological properties such as strength and viscosity should not be assumed to be constant, but should be set to be dependent on the actual stress condition and the stress history.
Author: Thijs van Kessel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mud
Languages : en
Pages : 172
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Book Description
Siltation of harbours and coastal zones is often undesirable as it diminishes navigability. Besides, deposited mud is often polluted, because it specifically adsorbs contaminants from the water. For managers of harbours and coastal zones it is therefore important to know prior to execution whether planned projects will diminish or increase siltation. Theperformance of the current cohesive sedi¬ment transport models, which are being used as a tool for making predictions,is sometimes disappointing and therefore needs further improvement. The short¬comings are caused to a great extent by an insufficient knowledge of mechanisms underlying cohesive sediment transport.Of these mechanisms some are studied in this thesis, particularly the generation and transport of concentrated fluid mud layers near the sea bed. For thispurpose, first the material properties such as strength and viscosity of mud both in fluid form and solid form are determined, using rheological instruments and a miniature sounding probe. Subsequently, the liquefaction of deposited mud by waves is studied with laboratory experiments, as well as the resulting flow on a sloping bed caused by gravity. Mathematical models aiming at describing these phenomena are compared with the experiments. Finally, these modelsare used to evaluate the behaviour of mud under natural conditions. In support of this, also some field observations reported in the literature are analyzed.The conclusion is that mud layers that have been deposited under quiet conditionsmay suddenly become liquid under storm conditions and can subsequently be transported. The likelihood of this type of behaviour depends on the strength of the deposits, which is related to the degree of consolidation after deposition. Transport of fluid mud layers may result in sudden changes in bathymetry. Espe¬cially in navigation channels this phenomenon may occur, as flow of fluid mud on adjacent slopes is enhanced by gravity. This should be well taken into account when modelling. Rheological properties such as strength and viscosity should not be assumed to be constant, but should be set to be dependent on the actual stress condition and the stress history.
Author: Johan C. Winterwerp
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080473733
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 577
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Book Description
This book is an introduction to the physical processes of cohesive sediment in the marine environment. It focuses on highly dynamic systems, such as estuaries and coastal seas. Processes on the continental shelf are also discussed and attention is given to the effects of chemistry, biology and gas.The process descriptions are based on hydrodynamic and soil mechanic principles, which integrate at the soil-water interface. This approach is substantiated through a classification scheme of sediment occurrences in which distinction is made between cohesive and granular material. Emphasis is also placed on the important interactions between turbulent flow and cohesive sediment suspensions, and on the impact of flow-induced forces on the stability of the seabed. An overview of literature on cohesive sediment dynamics is presented and a number of new developments are highlighted, in particular in relation to floc formation, settling and sedimentation, consolidation, bed failure and liquefaction and erosion of the bed. Moreover, it presents a summary on methods and techniques to measure the various sediment properties necessary to quantify the various parameters in the physical-mathematical model descriptions. A number of examples and case studies have been included.
Author: William H. McAnally
Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
ISBN: 9780444504630
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 546
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Book Description
Hardbound. The INTERCOH series of conferences bring together the world's leading researchers and practitioners in cohesive sediment transport processes to share recent insights. This book presents papers that examine the spectrum of fine sediment transport related science and engineering, including the basics and applications of flocculation, settling, deposition, and erosion, advanced numerical models used in engineering practice, and applications to mud flats and harbor siltation.
Author: W.H. McAnally
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080529259
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 540
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Book Description
The INTERCOH series of conferences bring together the world's leading researchers and practitioners in cohesive sediment transport processes to share recent insights. This book presents papers that examine the spectrum of fine sediment transport related science and engineering, including the basics and applications of flocculation, settling, deposition, and erosion, advanced numerical models used in engineering practice, and applications to mud flats and harbor siltation.
Author: Johan C Winterwerp
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9811243646
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 644
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Book Description
Fine Sediment in Open Water is mainly written for professional engineers working in estuaries and coastal systems. It provides the basis for a fundamental understanding of the physical, biological and chemical processes governing the transport and fate of fine sediment in open water and explains how this understanding can steer engineering studies with numerical models. This is a unique treatment of processes at a variety of spatial and temporal scales, from the micro-scale (colloid scale) to system-wide scales, and from intra-tidal time periods to decades.Beginning with the processes governing the transport and fate of fine sediment in shallow open water, the first eight chapters are dedicated to the hydrodynamic, soil mechanics and biological processes which determine fine sediment concentrations in the water column, in/on the bed and the exchange of sediment between bed and water column. The next two chapters treat the net fluxes of fine sediment as a function of asymmetries in forcing and sediment properties. These fundamental processes form the basis for the subsequent chapters on modeling in which the governing equations are presented, and tools are provided to aggregate and parameterize the various processes elaborated in the first eight chapters. Further, any numerical model study should be based on a conceptual model, as illustrated in the final five chapters, which provide examples of numerical modeling studies on the transport and fate of fine sediment in a coastal sea, an estuary, a tidal river, a lake, and around and within a harbor basin.Related Link(s)
Author: Johan C. Winterwerp
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080531660
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 731
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Book Description
Cohesive sediment, or mud, is encountered in most water bodies throughout the world. Often mud is a valuable resource, synonymous with fertile land, enriching the natural environment and used as an important building material. Yet mud also hinders navigation and consequently, dredging operations have been carried out since ancient times to safeguard navigation. Unfortunately, many mud deposits are now contaminated, endangering the eco-system and increasing the costs of dredging operations. The transport and fate of mud in the environment are still poorly understood and the need for basic research remains. This text contains the proceedings of the INTERCOH-2000 conference on progress in cohesive sediment research. It was the sixth in a series of conferences initially started by Professor Ashish Mehta in 1984 as a "Workshop on Cohesive Sediment Dynamics with Special Reference to the Processes in Estuaries". During these conferences the character of the first workshop has always been maintained, that is, small scale and dedicated to the physical and engineering aspects of cohesive sediments, without parallel sessions, but with ample time for discussions during and after the presentations, and followed by a book of proceedings containing thoroughly reviewed papers. INTERCOH-2000 was integrated with the final workshop of the COSINUS project. This project was carried out as a part of the European MAST-3 programme, and almost all European cohesive sediment workers were involved. INTERCOH-2000 focused on the behaviour and modelling of concentrated benthic suspensions, i.e. high-concentrated near-bed suspensions of cohesive sediment. Special attention was paid to: sediment - turbulence interaction; flocculation and settling velocity; high-concentrated mud suspensions; processes in the bed - consolidation; processes on the bed - erosion; field observations on mud dynamics; instrumentation; and numerical modelling.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : English Channel
Languages : en
Pages : 540
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Book Description
Author: Ronald van der Ham
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Estuarine sediments
Languages : en
Pages : 188
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Book Description
Author: Andrew Manning
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9533075864
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 347
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Book Description
Sediment Transport in Aquatic Environments is a book which covers a wide range of topics. The effective management of many aquatic environments, requires a detailed understanding of sediment dynamics. This has both environmental and economic implications, especially where there is any anthropogenic involvement. Numerical models are often the tool used for predicting the transport and fate of sediment movement in these situations, as they can estimate the various spatial and temporal fluxes. However, the physical sedimentary processes can vary quite considerably depending upon whether the local sediments are fully cohesive, non-cohesive, or a mixture of both types. For this reason for more than half a century, scientists, engineers, hydrologists and mathematicians have all been continuing to conduct research into the many aspects which influence sediment transport. These issues range from processes such as erosion and deposition to how sediment process observations can be applied in sediment transport modeling frameworks. This book reports the findings from recent research in applied sediment transport which has been conducted in a wide range of aquatic environments. The research was carried out by researchers who specialize in the transport of sediments and related issues. I highly recommend this textbook to both scientists and engineers who deal with sediment transport issues.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Coastal engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 390
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Book Description
