Author: Fritz Dufour, MBA, DESS
Publisher: Fritz Dufour
ISBN:
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 204
Book Description
The difference between Part I and Part II – Volumes 1 & 2 – of this series, is that in Part I the author showed how what we call reality starts with the inner self whereas Part II describes what, in fact, impacts and modifies the environment or reality and what are the factors behind that dynamics. What impacts and modifies the environment is science. This Volume 2 starts by showing how technology plays an important role in scientific progress. Although the relationship between the two is symbiotic, science can exist without technology but technology desperately needs science. Military technology is an example of how technology can help science advance. Some military inventions end up having civilian use. Science being at the center of society, the book makes the case for the direct impact of such social sciences as politics and economics on the advancement of science. Politics, says the author, influences science because of uncertainty in science, and economics does it thanks to the availability of money to scholars and scientists for their research. On the other hand, government also influences scientific progress through regulations. The book gives cyberspace regulation as an example. Furthermore, by showing how art influences science, the author really argues for the polyfactorial aspect of scientific progress. In that line of thought, he goes on to also prove that factors such as skepticism, curiosity, and the quest for knowledge greatly influence the advancement of science. That, says the author, “is a ninety-degree turn … By ending Part two that way, I wanted to, somehow, link it to Part I, which argues that reality starts from within.”
The Realities of 'Reality' - Part II: Making Sense of Why Modern Science Advances (Volume 2 of 2)
Author: Fritz Dufour, MBA, DESS
Publisher: Fritz Dufour
ISBN:
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 204
Book Description
The difference between Part I and Part II – Volumes 1 & 2 – of this series, is that in Part I the author showed how what we call reality starts with the inner self whereas Part II describes what, in fact, impacts and modifies the environment or reality and what are the factors behind that dynamics. What impacts and modifies the environment is science. This Volume 2 starts by showing how technology plays an important role in scientific progress. Although the relationship between the two is symbiotic, science can exist without technology but technology desperately needs science. Military technology is an example of how technology can help science advance. Some military inventions end up having civilian use. Science being at the center of society, the book makes the case for the direct impact of such social sciences as politics and economics on the advancement of science. Politics, says the author, influences science because of uncertainty in science, and economics does it thanks to the availability of money to scholars and scientists for their research. On the other hand, government also influences scientific progress through regulations. The book gives cyberspace regulation as an example. Furthermore, by showing how art influences science, the author really argues for the polyfactorial aspect of scientific progress. In that line of thought, he goes on to also prove that factors such as skepticism, curiosity, and the quest for knowledge greatly influence the advancement of science. That, says the author, “is a ninety-degree turn … By ending Part two that way, I wanted to, somehow, link it to Part I, which argues that reality starts from within.”
Publisher: Fritz Dufour
ISBN:
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 204
Book Description
The difference between Part I and Part II – Volumes 1 & 2 – of this series, is that in Part I the author showed how what we call reality starts with the inner self whereas Part II describes what, in fact, impacts and modifies the environment or reality and what are the factors behind that dynamics. What impacts and modifies the environment is science. This Volume 2 starts by showing how technology plays an important role in scientific progress. Although the relationship between the two is symbiotic, science can exist without technology but technology desperately needs science. Military technology is an example of how technology can help science advance. Some military inventions end up having civilian use. Science being at the center of society, the book makes the case for the direct impact of such social sciences as politics and economics on the advancement of science. Politics, says the author, influences science because of uncertainty in science, and economics does it thanks to the availability of money to scholars and scientists for their research. On the other hand, government also influences scientific progress through regulations. The book gives cyberspace regulation as an example. Furthermore, by showing how art influences science, the author really argues for the polyfactorial aspect of scientific progress. In that line of thought, he goes on to also prove that factors such as skepticism, curiosity, and the quest for knowledge greatly influence the advancement of science. That, says the author, “is a ninety-degree turn … By ending Part two that way, I wanted to, somehow, link it to Part I, which argues that reality starts from within.”
The Realities of Reality - Part II: Making Sense of Why Modern Science Advances (Volume 1)
Author: Fritz Dufour, MBA, DESS
Publisher: Fritz Dufour
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 249
Book Description
This Volume 1 of Part II considers the factors that make science progress. It lays out the differences between normal science and pseudoscience by showing the importance of the scientific method in the advancement of science. It introduces the concept of Truth in science by raising the point that even though truth is based on the scientific method, can science be true? Can it depict reality? The author focuses on modern science, which, he thinks, was born thanks to the Scientific Revolution which started with Galileo Galilei and led to the Industrial Revolution. The impacts of the latter is analyzed in light modernism, modernization, and modernity, all three linked to scientific progress. The book also talks about the Newtonian scientific leap – by analyzing particularly the then social and political fabrics of England – and Albert Einstein by showing how he changed history. According to the author, our very physical world can help us understand scientific progress. So, he explains, among other things, the structure of atoms and molecules, the role of physics in the understanding of our universe, Quantum Mechanics, and the importance of Higgs-Boson. On the other hand, the book is a stunning revelation of how important information is to scientific progress. To make his point, the author, first, talks about John Vincent Atanasoff as the Father of computer thanks to the invention of his ABC computer and then, Alan Turing as the Father of modern computer thanks to his Turing Test and his views on Artificial Intelligence. Both men played a momentous role in the Digital Revolution and in the Information Age, according to the book. Finally, the author talks about nanotechnology, which explores the world of small, meaning at the atomic and the molecular levels and is an inescapable tool in the molecular biology revolution which, itself, is an important factor in scientific progress and in transhumanism or human enhancement defined as the ideology according to which man can surpass his present state by improving his genetic material.
Publisher: Fritz Dufour
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 249
Book Description
This Volume 1 of Part II considers the factors that make science progress. It lays out the differences between normal science and pseudoscience by showing the importance of the scientific method in the advancement of science. It introduces the concept of Truth in science by raising the point that even though truth is based on the scientific method, can science be true? Can it depict reality? The author focuses on modern science, which, he thinks, was born thanks to the Scientific Revolution which started with Galileo Galilei and led to the Industrial Revolution. The impacts of the latter is analyzed in light modernism, modernization, and modernity, all three linked to scientific progress. The book also talks about the Newtonian scientific leap – by analyzing particularly the then social and political fabrics of England – and Albert Einstein by showing how he changed history. According to the author, our very physical world can help us understand scientific progress. So, he explains, among other things, the structure of atoms and molecules, the role of physics in the understanding of our universe, Quantum Mechanics, and the importance of Higgs-Boson. On the other hand, the book is a stunning revelation of how important information is to scientific progress. To make his point, the author, first, talks about John Vincent Atanasoff as the Father of computer thanks to the invention of his ABC computer and then, Alan Turing as the Father of modern computer thanks to his Turing Test and his views on Artificial Intelligence. Both men played a momentous role in the Digital Revolution and in the Information Age, according to the book. Finally, the author talks about nanotechnology, which explores the world of small, meaning at the atomic and the molecular levels and is an inescapable tool in the molecular biology revolution which, itself, is an important factor in scientific progress and in transhumanism or human enhancement defined as the ideology according to which man can surpass his present state by improving his genetic material.
Oceanobs'19: An Ocean of Opportunity. Volume II
Author: Tong Lee
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889631192
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 629
Book Description
This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889631192
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 629
Book Description
This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Deep Generative Models
Author: Anirban Mukhopadhyay
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 303153767X
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 256
Book Description
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 303153767X
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 256
Book Description
Dream and Legacy, Volume II
Author: Michael L. Clemons
Publisher: Univ. Press of Mississippi
ISBN: 1496852257
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 316
Book Description
Contributions by Robert Adams Jr., Shenita Brazelton, Donathan L. Brown, Owen Brown Jr., LaTasha Chaffin, Michael L. Clemons, Daphne Cooper, William H. L. Dorsey, Bertis D. English, Precious D. Hall, Beverly A. Johnson, Maruice Mangum, Natasha Altema McNeely, Amardo Rodriguez, Randall Swain, Edward V. Wallace, Ingrid P. Whitaker, and Mark M. Whitaker Beginning early in his career, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. recognized the moral and humanitarian need to pursue social justice and equity for marginalized Americans, those for whom the American dream had proven to be an elusive ideal. In Dream and Legacy, Volume II: Revisiting King in the Post–Civil Rights Era, contributors sift through the historical record, engaging one of America’s most consequential, radical historical traditions. Despite robust reform efforts since the 1930s, a wide range of policy-related challenges plague the lives of African Americans, other persons of color, women, and the poor in the twenty-first century. This anthology, like the first from coeditors Michael L. Clemons, Donathan L. Brown, and William H. L. Dorsey, applies the ideology and activism of Dr. King to its analysis of contemporary sociopolitical issues in the United States and abroad. The project begins with a foreword that situates the subsequent essays within the context of contemporary social developments. Grouped into themed sections, the essays cover such topics as voting rights, public protest, police brutality, poverty and wage discrimination, healthcare, and more. The epilogue concludes with a discussion of the timeless impact of Dr. King’s philosophy and activism, as well as the implications of his work for the future of domestic and global leadership. Dream and Legacy, Volume II identifies a variety of practical lessons that can help resolve contemporary social problems.
Publisher: Univ. Press of Mississippi
ISBN: 1496852257
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 316
Book Description
Contributions by Robert Adams Jr., Shenita Brazelton, Donathan L. Brown, Owen Brown Jr., LaTasha Chaffin, Michael L. Clemons, Daphne Cooper, William H. L. Dorsey, Bertis D. English, Precious D. Hall, Beverly A. Johnson, Maruice Mangum, Natasha Altema McNeely, Amardo Rodriguez, Randall Swain, Edward V. Wallace, Ingrid P. Whitaker, and Mark M. Whitaker Beginning early in his career, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. recognized the moral and humanitarian need to pursue social justice and equity for marginalized Americans, those for whom the American dream had proven to be an elusive ideal. In Dream and Legacy, Volume II: Revisiting King in the Post–Civil Rights Era, contributors sift through the historical record, engaging one of America’s most consequential, radical historical traditions. Despite robust reform efforts since the 1930s, a wide range of policy-related challenges plague the lives of African Americans, other persons of color, women, and the poor in the twenty-first century. This anthology, like the first from coeditors Michael L. Clemons, Donathan L. Brown, and William H. L. Dorsey, applies the ideology and activism of Dr. King to its analysis of contemporary sociopolitical issues in the United States and abroad. The project begins with a foreword that situates the subsequent essays within the context of contemporary social developments. Grouped into themed sections, the essays cover such topics as voting rights, public protest, police brutality, poverty and wage discrimination, healthcare, and more. The epilogue concludes with a discussion of the timeless impact of Dr. King’s philosophy and activism, as well as the implications of his work for the future of domestic and global leadership. Dream and Legacy, Volume II identifies a variety of practical lessons that can help resolve contemporary social problems.
Smart Vehicles for Communication, Volume 2
Author: Romil Rawat
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1394152256
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 356
Book Description
AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES The companion to Autonomous Vehicles Volume 1: Using Machine Intelligence, this second volume in the two-volume set covers intelligent techniques utilized for designing, controlling, and managing vehicular systems based on advanced algorithms of computing like machine learning, artificial intelligence, data analytics, and Internet of Things (IoT) with prediction approaches to avoid accidental damages, security threats, and theft. Besides communicating with other vehicles, self-driving cars connected to a 5G network will also be able to communicate with different infrastructure elements that make up our roads and other transportation and communication systems. Similarly, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), an aircraft without any human pilot, crew, or passengers on board, can operate under remote control by a human operator, as a remotely-piloted aircraft (RPA), or with various degrees of autonomy. These include autopilot assistance and fully autonomous aircraft that have no provision for human intervention. Transportation is a necessary, but often painful process. With fully autonomous driving, passengers will be freed to accomplish their own goals, turning the dead hours of driving into fruitful hours of learning, working, engaging, and relaxing. Similarly, UAVs can perform functions that human-operated aircraft cannot, whether because of the environment or high-risk situations. The purpose of the book is to present the needs, designs, and applications of autonomous vehicles. The topics covered range from mechanical engineering to computer science engineering, both areas playing vital roles in programming, managing, generating alerts, and GPS position, artificial intelligence-based prediction of path and events, as well as other high-tech tools, are covered in this book, as well. Whether for the student, veteran engineer, or another industry professional, this book, and its companion volume, are must-haves for any library.
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1394152256
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 356
Book Description
AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES The companion to Autonomous Vehicles Volume 1: Using Machine Intelligence, this second volume in the two-volume set covers intelligent techniques utilized for designing, controlling, and managing vehicular systems based on advanced algorithms of computing like machine learning, artificial intelligence, data analytics, and Internet of Things (IoT) with prediction approaches to avoid accidental damages, security threats, and theft. Besides communicating with other vehicles, self-driving cars connected to a 5G network will also be able to communicate with different infrastructure elements that make up our roads and other transportation and communication systems. Similarly, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), an aircraft without any human pilot, crew, or passengers on board, can operate under remote control by a human operator, as a remotely-piloted aircraft (RPA), or with various degrees of autonomy. These include autopilot assistance and fully autonomous aircraft that have no provision for human intervention. Transportation is a necessary, but often painful process. With fully autonomous driving, passengers will be freed to accomplish their own goals, turning the dead hours of driving into fruitful hours of learning, working, engaging, and relaxing. Similarly, UAVs can perform functions that human-operated aircraft cannot, whether because of the environment or high-risk situations. The purpose of the book is to present the needs, designs, and applications of autonomous vehicles. The topics covered range from mechanical engineering to computer science engineering, both areas playing vital roles in programming, managing, generating alerts, and GPS position, artificial intelligence-based prediction of path and events, as well as other high-tech tools, are covered in this book, as well. Whether for the student, veteran engineer, or another industry professional, this book, and its companion volume, are must-haves for any library.
Engineering Economics: Decisions and Solutions from Eurasian Perspective
Author: Svetlana Igorevna Ashmarina
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030532771
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 715
Book Description
This book presents the outcomes of the annual “Engineering Economics Week – 2020,” organized by the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs, the Institute of Management and the Institute of Market Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), the South-Russian State Polytechnic University and Samara State University of Economics, and held in online format in May 2020. Focusing on the following topics: - the globalized economy and Russian industrial enterprises: development specifics and international co-operation; - state support for the real sector of the economy; - decisions in production and project management in the context of the digital economy; - big data and big challenges in production networks and systems ; and - economic and social aspects of the innovation management: decision-making and control this book will appeal to scientists, teachers and students (bachelor’s, master’s and postgraduate) at higher education institutions, economists, specialists at research centers, managers of industrial enterprises, business professionals, and those at media centers, and development fund and consulting organizations.
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030532771
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 715
Book Description
This book presents the outcomes of the annual “Engineering Economics Week – 2020,” organized by the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs, the Institute of Management and the Institute of Market Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), the South-Russian State Polytechnic University and Samara State University of Economics, and held in online format in May 2020. Focusing on the following topics: - the globalized economy and Russian industrial enterprises: development specifics and international co-operation; - state support for the real sector of the economy; - decisions in production and project management in the context of the digital economy; - big data and big challenges in production networks and systems ; and - economic and social aspects of the innovation management: decision-making and control this book will appeal to scientists, teachers and students (bachelor’s, master’s and postgraduate) at higher education institutions, economists, specialists at research centers, managers of industrial enterprises, business professionals, and those at media centers, and development fund and consulting organizations.
The Brexit Effect
Author: Gianfranco Baldini
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000771628
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 171
Book Description
This book examines the seismic impact of Brexit on the British political system, assessing its likely long-term effect in terms of a significantly changed political and constitutional landscape. Starting with the 2015 general election and covering key developments up to "Brexit Day", it shows how Brexit "transformed" British politics. The unprecedented turmoil – two snap elections, three Prime Ministers, the biggest ever defeat for the Government in Parliament, an impressive number of rebellions and reshuffles in Cabinet and repeated requests for a second independence referendum in Scotland – as a result of leaving the EU, calls into question what sort of political system the post-Brexit UK will become. Taking Lijphart’s "Westminster model" as its reference, the book assesses the impact of Brexit along three dimensions: elections and parties; executive–legislative relationships; and the relationship between central and devolved administrations. Based on a wealth of empirical material, including original interviews with key policymakers and civil servants, it focuses on the "big picture" and analytically maps the direction of travel for the UK political system. This book will be of key interest to scholars and students of Brexit, British politics, constitutional, political, and contemporary history, elections and political parties, executive politics, and territorial politics as well as more broadly related practitioners and journalists. Chapters one and two of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND)] 4.0 license. Funded by the University of Trento and the Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies.
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000771628
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 171
Book Description
This book examines the seismic impact of Brexit on the British political system, assessing its likely long-term effect in terms of a significantly changed political and constitutional landscape. Starting with the 2015 general election and covering key developments up to "Brexit Day", it shows how Brexit "transformed" British politics. The unprecedented turmoil – two snap elections, three Prime Ministers, the biggest ever defeat for the Government in Parliament, an impressive number of rebellions and reshuffles in Cabinet and repeated requests for a second independence referendum in Scotland – as a result of leaving the EU, calls into question what sort of political system the post-Brexit UK will become. Taking Lijphart’s "Westminster model" as its reference, the book assesses the impact of Brexit along three dimensions: elections and parties; executive–legislative relationships; and the relationship between central and devolved administrations. Based on a wealth of empirical material, including original interviews with key policymakers and civil servants, it focuses on the "big picture" and analytically maps the direction of travel for the UK political system. This book will be of key interest to scholars and students of Brexit, British politics, constitutional, political, and contemporary history, elections and political parties, executive politics, and territorial politics as well as more broadly related practitioners and journalists. Chapters one and two of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND)] 4.0 license. Funded by the University of Trento and the Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies.
Atlas of Forecasts
Author: Katy Borner
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262045958
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 227
Book Description
Forecasting the future with advanced data models and visualizations. To envision and create the futures we want, society needs an appropriate understanding of the likely impact of alternative actions. Data models and visualizations offer a way to understand and intelligently manage complex, interlinked systems in science and technology, education, and policymaking. Atlas of Forecasts, from the creator of Atlas of Science and Atlas of Knowledge, shows how we can use data to predict, communicate, and ultimately attain desirable futures. Using advanced data visualizations to introduce different types of computational models, Atlas of Forecasts demonstrates how models can inform effective decision-making in education, science, technology, and policymaking. The models and maps presented aim to help anyone understand key processes and outcomes of complex systems dynamics, including which human skills are needed in an artificial intelligence-empowered economy; what progress in science and technology is likely to be made; and how policymakers can future-proof regions or nations. This Atlas offers a driver's seat-perspective for a test-drive of the future.
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262045958
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 227
Book Description
Forecasting the future with advanced data models and visualizations. To envision and create the futures we want, society needs an appropriate understanding of the likely impact of alternative actions. Data models and visualizations offer a way to understand and intelligently manage complex, interlinked systems in science and technology, education, and policymaking. Atlas of Forecasts, from the creator of Atlas of Science and Atlas of Knowledge, shows how we can use data to predict, communicate, and ultimately attain desirable futures. Using advanced data visualizations to introduce different types of computational models, Atlas of Forecasts demonstrates how models can inform effective decision-making in education, science, technology, and policymaking. The models and maps presented aim to help anyone understand key processes and outcomes of complex systems dynamics, including which human skills are needed in an artificial intelligence-empowered economy; what progress in science and technology is likely to be made; and how policymakers can future-proof regions or nations. This Atlas offers a driver's seat-perspective for a test-drive of the future.
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for EDGE Computing
Author: Rajiv Pandey
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128240555
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 516
Book Description
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for Predictive and Analytical Rendering in Edge Computing focuses on the role of AI and machine learning as it impacts and works alongside Edge Computing. Sections cover the growing number of devices and applications in diversified domains of industry, including gaming, speech recognition, medical diagnostics, robotics and computer vision and how they are being driven by Big Data, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and distributed computing, may it be Cloud Computing or the evolving Fog and Edge Computing paradigms. Challenges covered include remote storage and computing, bandwidth overload due to transportation of data from End nodes to Cloud leading in latency issues, security issues in transporting sensitive medical and financial information across larger gaps in points of data generation and computing, as well as design features of Edge nodes to store and run AI/ML algorithms for effective rendering. - Provides a reference handbook on the evolution of distributed systems, including Cloud, Fog and Edge Computing - Integrates the various Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning techniques for effective predictions at Edge rather than Cloud or remote Data Centers - Provides insight into the features and constraints in Edge Computing and storage, including hardware constraints and the technological/architectural developments that shall overcome those constraints
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128240555
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 516
Book Description
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for Predictive and Analytical Rendering in Edge Computing focuses on the role of AI and machine learning as it impacts and works alongside Edge Computing. Sections cover the growing number of devices and applications in diversified domains of industry, including gaming, speech recognition, medical diagnostics, robotics and computer vision and how they are being driven by Big Data, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and distributed computing, may it be Cloud Computing or the evolving Fog and Edge Computing paradigms. Challenges covered include remote storage and computing, bandwidth overload due to transportation of data from End nodes to Cloud leading in latency issues, security issues in transporting sensitive medical and financial information across larger gaps in points of data generation and computing, as well as design features of Edge nodes to store and run AI/ML algorithms for effective rendering. - Provides a reference handbook on the evolution of distributed systems, including Cloud, Fog and Edge Computing - Integrates the various Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning techniques for effective predictions at Edge rather than Cloud or remote Data Centers - Provides insight into the features and constraints in Edge Computing and storage, including hardware constraints and the technological/architectural developments that shall overcome those constraints