Author: N.S. Allen
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9781851667734
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 218
Get Book Here
Book Description
During the past decade, the field of polymer degradation and stabilization has become a subject of central importance in polymer science and technology. This book provides a fundamental source of information designed for those with only a basic understanding of the background of the field.
Author: W. L. Hawkins
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642693768
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 129
Get Book Here
Book Description
The development of polymers as an important class of material was inhibited at the first by the premature failure of these versatile compounds in many applications. The deterioration of important properties of both natural and synthetic polymers is the result of irreversible changes in composition and structure of polymers molecules. As a result of these reactions, mechanical, electrical and/or aesthetic properties are degraded beyond acceptable limits. It is now generally recognized that stabilization against degradation is necessary if the useful life of polymers is to be extended sufficiently to meet design requirements for long-term applications. Polymers degrade by a wide variety of mechanisms, several of which affect all polymers through to varying degree. This monograph will concentrate on those degradation mechanisms which result from reactions of polymers with oxygen in its various forms and which are accelerated by heat and/or radiation. Those stabilization mechanisms are discussed which are based on an understanding of degradation reaction mechanisms that are reasonably well established. The stabilization of polymers is still undergoing a transition from an art to a science as mechanisms of degradation become more fully developed. A scientific approach to stabilization can only be approached when there is an understanding of the reactions that lead to degradation. Stabilization against biodegradation and burning will not be discussed since there is not a clear understanding of how polymers degrade under these conditions.
Author: Ann-Christine Albertsson
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540787623
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 200
Get Book Here
Book Description
With the highest impact factor of all publications ranked by ISI within Polymer Science, this collection of short and concise reports on the physics and chemistry of polymers, each written by world-renowned experts, is still valid and useful after 10 years.
Author: Gert Heinrich
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 303115164X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 346
Get Book Here
Book Description
This volume describes new insights into the main aspects of rubber degradation by material’s fatigue, wear and aging evolution, as well as their impact on mechanical rubber properties. It provides a thorough state-of-art explanation of the essential chemical, physical and mechanical principles as well as practices of material characterization for wear prediction, and to convey or define novel strategies and procedures of planning effective wear test programs. The initiating factors of abrasion, the development of surface abrasion on sharp and blunt tracks (so called cutting and chipping) and the influence of smear and lubricants is also summarized. The volume is of interest to research scientists in related fields from academia and industry.
Author: Francesco Paolo La Mantia
Publisher: iSmithers Rapra Publishing
ISBN: 1859573258
Category : Plastic scrap
Languages : en
Pages : 460
Get Book Here
Book Description
This book discusses some of the state-of-the-art techniques of recycling post-consumer plastic materials and focuses on mechanical recycling, chemical recycling and energy recovery. The book is intended for all those who are interested in recycling of post consumer plastic waste. Although, this book discusses technical aspects of recycling, the authors have endeavoured to make this book easily understandable to anyone interested in the subject enabling the reader to gain a thorough grounding in all the subjects discussed.
Author: C V Horie
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136437134
Category : Antiques & Collectibles
Languages : en
Pages : 505
Get Book Here
Book Description
Materials in Conservation is the definitive introduction to the properties of materials used in conservation. The continual struggle of conservators to ameliorate the deterioration of objects has led to increasing use of synthetic polymers. These materials are part of the sophisticated technology that has been developed to augment and often replace traditional materials and methods. Conservators therefore have a wider range of techniques available. However, they must be able to appreciate the potentials and pitfalls of any proposed technique. The first section explains physical and chemical properties which are important in the conservation process, i.e. application, ageing, reversal. The topics covered include molecular weight, glass transition temperature, solubility and solvents, polymerisation and degradation reactions. The second section provides a detailed consideration of the individual materials, current and obsolete, used in conservation, drawing out the factors relevant to their effects on objects. The conservation uses of each material are summarised and referenced to allow further study. In five appendices, the properties of the polymers, solvents and their interactions are tabulated, with a list of suppliers and conversion table of physical units. IUPAC and SI nomenclature is used throughout the book. In this second edition, this classic text is revised and updated to include modern materials such as cyclododecane, and current ideas on adhesion, consolidation and reversibility, making Materials in Conservation the definitive source of vital information in the field. This handy reference book should be on the bench of every conservator and available wherever objects, from steam engines to dried plants, are preserved.
Author: J.F. Rabek
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401112746
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 679
Get Book Here
Book Description
During the last two decades, the production of polymers and plastics has been increasing rapidly. In spite of developing new polymers and polymeric materials, only 40~60 are used commercially on a large scale. It has been estimated that half of the annual production of polymers is employed outdoors. The photochemical instability of most polymers limits their outdoor application as they are photodegraded quickly over periods from months to a few years. To the despair of technologists and consumers alike, photodegradation and environmental ageing of polymers occur much faster than can be expected from knowledge collected in laboratories. In order to improve polymer photostability there has been a very big effort during the last 30 years to understand the mechanisms involved in photodegradation and environmental ageing. This book represents the author's attempt, based on his 25 years' experience in research on photodegradation and photo stabilization, to collect and generalize a number of available data on the photodegradation of polymers. The space limitation and the tremendous number of publications in the past two decades have made a detailed presentation of all important results and data difficult. The author apologizes to those whose work has not been quoted or widely presented in this book. Because many published results are very often contradictory, it has been difficult to present a fully critical review of collected knowledge, without antagonizing authors. For that reason, all available theories, mechanisms and different suggestions have been presented together, and only practice can evaluate which of them are valid.
Author: Rui M. S. da Cruz
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0429663005
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 236
Get Book Here
Book Description
Food Packaging: Innovations and Shelf-life covers recently investigated developments in food packaging and their influence in food quality preservation, shelf-life extension, and simulation techniques. Additionally, the book discusses the environmental impact and sustainable solutions of food packaging. This book is divided into seven chapters, written by worldwide experts. The book is an ideal reference source for university students, food engineers and researchers from R&D laboratories working in the area of food science and technology. Professionals from institutions related to food packaging.
Author: Albert S. Matlack
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1482252589
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 194
Get Book Here
Book Description
When confronted with a problem in science, the way to proceed is not always obvious. The problem may seem intractable or there may be many possible solutions, with some better than others. Problem-Solving Exercises in Green and Sustainable Chemistry teaches students how to analyze and solve real-world problems that occur in an environmental context
Author: C. Krohnke
Publisher: iSmithers Rapra Publishing
ISBN: 9781859572856
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 142
Get Book Here
Book Description
This review describes the main types of stabilisers with the focus on those categories for polyolefins. It also elucidates some of the physical and chemical aspects of such products when incorporated into the polymer matrix, discussing stability during weathering, heat ageing and processing. The review is supported by several hundred relevant abstracts selected from the Polymer Library.
