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Author: Douglas Henderson
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780824787110
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 624
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Book Description
A monograph examining recent progress in the field of inhomogeneous fluids, focusing on the theoretical - as well as experimental - techniques used. It presents the comprehensive theory of first-order phase transitions, including melting, and contains numerous figures, tables and display equations.;The contributors treat such subjects as: exact sum rules for inhomogenous fluids, explaining density functional and integral equation methods; exact solutions for two-dimensional homogeneous and inhomogeneous plasmas; current advances in the theory of interfacial electrochemistry; wetting experiments and the theory of wetting; freezing, with an emphasis on quantum systems and homogeneous nucleation in liquid-vapour and solid-liquid transitions; self-organizing liquids as well as kinetic phenomena in inhomogeneous fluids, using a modified Enskog theory.;Featuring over 1000 bibliographic citations, this volume is aimed at physical, surface, colloid and surfactant chemists; also physicists, electrochemists and graduate-level students in these disciplines.
Author: Douglas Henderson
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780824787110
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 624
Get Book Here
Book Description
A monograph examining recent progress in the field of inhomogeneous fluids, focusing on the theoretical - as well as experimental - techniques used. It presents the comprehensive theory of first-order phase transitions, including melting, and contains numerous figures, tables and display equations.;The contributors treat such subjects as: exact sum rules for inhomogenous fluids, explaining density functional and integral equation methods; exact solutions for two-dimensional homogeneous and inhomogeneous plasmas; current advances in the theory of interfacial electrochemistry; wetting experiments and the theory of wetting; freezing, with an emphasis on quantum systems and homogeneous nucleation in liquid-vapour and solid-liquid transitions; self-organizing liquids as well as kinetic phenomena in inhomogeneous fluids, using a modified Enskog theory.;Featuring over 1000 bibliographic citations, this volume is aimed at physical, surface, colloid and surfactant chemists; also physicists, electrochemists and graduate-level students in these disciplines.
Author: Angel Mulero
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540787666
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 568
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Book Description
Hard spheres and related objects (hard disks and mixtures of hard systems) are paradigmatic systems: indeed, they have served as a basis for the theoretical and numerical development of a number of fields, such as general liquids and fluids, amorphous solids, liquid crystals, colloids and granular matter, to name but a few. The present volume introduces and reviews some important basics and progress in the study of such systems. Their structure, thermodynamic properties, equations of state, as well as kinetic and transport properties are considered from different and complementary points of view. This book addresses graduate students, lecturers as well as researchers in statistical mechanics, physics of liquids, physical chemistry and chemical engineering.
Author: Eberhard K.U. Gross
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1475799756
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 674
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Book Description
The first Nato Advanced Studies Institute entirely devoted to density functional theory was held in Portugal in September 1983. The proceedings of this School, publis hed in early 1985, is still used as a standard reference covering the basic development of the theory and applications in atomic, molecular, solid state and nuclear physics. Ho wever, astonishing progress has been achieved in the intervening years: The foundations of the theory have been extended to cover excited states and time dependent problems more fully, density functional theory of classical liquids and superconducting systems has been addressed and extensions to relativistic, that is, field theoretical systems, as well as a more thorough discussion of magnetic field problems have been presented. In addition, new functionals have been devised, for instance under the heading of ge neralised gradient expansions, and the number of applications in the traditional fields has steadily increased, in particular in chemistry. Applications in new fields, as for instance the structure of atomic clusters and the marriage of density functional theory with molecular dynamics and simulated annealing, have provided additional impetus to the field of density functional theory.
Author: Andrés Santos
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 331929668X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 299
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Book Description
This short primer offers non-specialist readers a concise, yet comprehensive introduction to the field of classical fluids – providing both fundamental information and a number of selected topics to bridge the gap between the basics and ongoing research. In particular, hard-sphere systems represent a favorite playground in statistical mechanics, both in and out of equilibrium, as they represent the simplest models of many-body systems of interacting particles, and at higher temperature and densities they have proven to be very useful as reference systems for real fluids. Moreover, their usefulness in the realm of soft condensed matter has become increasingly recognized – for instance, the effective interaction among (sterically stabilized) colloidal particles can be tuned to almost perfectly match the hard-sphere model. These lecture notes present a brief, self-contained overview of equilibrium statistical mechanics of classical fluids, with special applications to both the structural and thermodynamic properties of systems made of particles interacting via the hard-sphere potential or closely related model potentials. In particular it addresses the exact statistical-mechanical properties of one-dimensional systems, the issue of thermodynamic (in)consistency among different routes in the context of several approximate theories, and the construction of analytical or semi-analytical approximations for the structural properties. Written pedagogically at the graduate level, with many figures, tables, photographs, and guided end-of-chapter exercises, this introductory text benefits students and newcomers to the field alike.
Author: Jean-Pierre Hansen
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 012387033X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 637
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Book Description
Comprehensive coverage of topics in the theory of classical liquids Widely regarded as the standard text in its field, Theory of Simple Liquids gives an advanced but self-contained account of liquid state theory within the unifying framework provided by classical statistical mechanics. The structure of this revised and updated Fourth Edition is similar to that of the previous one but there are significant shifts in emphasis and much new material has been added. Major changes and Key Features in content include: - Expansion of existing sections on simulation methods, liquid-vapour coexistence, the hierarchical reference theory of criticality, and the dynamics of super-cooled liquids. - New sections on binary fluid mixtures, surface tension, wetting, the asymptotic decay of pair correlations, fluids in porous media, the thermodynamics of glasses, and fluid flow at solid surfaces. - An entirely new chapter on applications to 'soft matter' of a combination of liquid state theory and coarse graining strategies, with sections on polymer solutions and polymer melts, colloidal dispersions, colloid-polymer mixtures, lyotropic liquid crystals, colloidal dynamics, and on clustering and gelation. - Expansion of existing sections on simulation methods, liquid-vapour coexistence, the hierarchian reference of criticality, and the dynamics of super-cooled liquids. - New sections on binary fluid mixtures, surface tension, wetting, the asymptotic decay of pair correlations, fluids in porous media, the thermodynamics of glasses, and fluid flow at solid surfaces. - An entirely new chapter on applications to 'soft matter' of a combination of liquid state theory and coarse graining strategies, with sections on polymer solutions and polymer melts, colloidal dispersions, colloid-polymer mixtures, lyotropic liquid crystals, colloidal dynamics, and on clustering and gelation.
Author: V.I. Kalikmanov
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9048136431
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 319
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Book Description
One of the most striking phenomena in condensed matter physics is the occurrence of abrupt transitions in the structure of a substance at certain temperatures or pressures. These are first order phase transitions, and examples such as the freezing of water are familiar in everyday life. The conditions at which the transformation takes place can sometimes vary. For example, the freezing point of water is not always 0°C, but the liquid can be supercooled considerably if it is pure enough and treated carefully. The reason for this phenomenon is nucleation. This monograph covers all major available routes of theoretical research of nucleation phenomena (phenomenological models, semi-phenomenological theories, density functional theories, microscopic and semi-microscopic approaches), with emphasis on the formation of liquid droplets from a metastable vapor. Also, it illustrates the application of these various approaches to experimentally relevant problems. In spite of the familiarity of the involved phenomena, it is still impossible to calculate nucleation accurately, as the properties and the kinetics of the daughter phase are insufficiently well known. Existing theories based upon classical nucleation theory have on the whole explained the trends in behavior correctly. However they often fail spectacularly to account for new data, in particular in the case of binary or, more generally, multi-component nucleation. The current challenge of this book is to go beyond such classical models and provide a more satisfactory theory by using density functional theory and microscopic computer simulations in order to describe the properties of small clusters. Also, semi-phenomenological models are proposed, which attempt to relate the properties of small clusters to known properties of the bulk phases. This monograph is an introduction as well as a compendium to researchers in soft condensed matter physics and chemical physics, graduate and post-graduate students in physics and chemistry starting on research in the area of nucleation, and to experimentalists wishing to gain a better understanding of the efforts being made to account for their data.
Author: Norman Henry March
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9789810246525
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 454
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Book Description
This important book provides an introduction to the liquid state. A qualitative description of liquid properties is first given, followed by detailed chapters on thermodynamics, liquid structure in relation to interaction forces and transport properties such as diffusion and viscosity. Treatment of complex fluids such as anisotropic liquid crystals and polymers, and of technically important topics such as non-Newtonian and turbulent flows, is included. Surface properties and characteristics of the liquid-vapour critical point are also discussed. While the book focuses on classical liquids, the final chapter deals with quantal fluids.
Author: Klaus D. Sattler
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351260553
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 4153
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Book Description
This 21st Century Nanoscience Handbook will be the most comprehensive, up-to-date large reference work for the field of nanoscience. Handbook of Nanophysics, by the same editor, published in the fall of 2010, was embraced as the first comprehensive reference to consider both fundamental and applied aspects of nanophysics. This follow-up project has been conceived as a necessary expansion and full update that considers the significant advances made in the field since 2010. It goes well beyond the physics as warranted by recent developments in the field. Key Features: Provides the most comprehensive, up-to-date large reference work for the field. Chapters written by international experts in the field. Emphasises presentation and real results and applications. This handbook distinguishes itself from other works by its breadth of coverage, readability and timely topics. The intended readership is very broad, from students and instructors to engineers, physicists, chemists, biologists, biomedical researchers, industry professionals, governmental scientists, and others whose work is impacted by nanotechnology. It will be an indispensable resource in academic, government, and industry libraries worldwide. The fields impacted by nanoscience extend from materials science and engineering to biotechnology, biomedical engineering, medicine, electrical engineering, pharmaceutical science, computer technology, aerospace engineering, mechanical engineering, food science, and beyond.
Author: Yasumasa Nishiura
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 4431561048
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 164
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Book Description
This volume comprises eight papers delivered at the RIMS International Conference "Mathematical Challenges in a New Phase of Materials Science", Kyoto, August 4–8, 2014. The contributions address subjects in defect dynamics, negatively curved carbon crystal, topological analysis of di-block copolymers, persistence modules, and fracture dynamics. These papers highlight the strong interaction between mathematics and materials science and also reflect the activity of WPI-AIMR at Tohoku University, in which collaborations between mathematicians and experimentalists are actively ongoing.
Author: Stuart A. Rice
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118158709
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 521
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Book Description
The Advances in Chemical Physics series—the cutting edge of research in chemical physics The Advances in Chemical Physics series provides the chemical physics and physical chemistry fields with a forum for critical, authoritative evaluations of advances in every area of the discipline. Filled with cutting-edge research reported in a cohesive manner not found elsewhere in the literature, each volume of the Advances in Chemical Physics series offers contributions from internationally renowned chemists and serves as the perfect supplement to any advanced graduate class devoted to the study of chemical physics. This volume explores: Control of Quantum Phenomena (Constantin Brif, Raj Chakrabarti, and Herschel Rabitz) Crowded Charges in Ion Channels (Bob Eisenberg) Colloidal Crystallization Between Two and Three Dimensions (H. Löwen, E.C. Oguz, L. Assoud, and R. Messina) Statistical Mechanics of Liquids and Fluids in Curved Space (Gilles Tarjus, FranÇois Sausset, and Pascal Viot)
