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Author: Alan Barnard
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1316101932
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 377
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Book Description
Anthropology is a discipline very conscious of its history, and Alan Barnard has written a clear, balanced and judicious textbook that surveys the historical contexts of the great debates and traces the genealogies of theories and schools of thought. It also considers the problems involved in assessing these theories. The book covers the precursors of anthropology; evolutionism in all its guises; diffusionism and culture area theories, functionalism and structural-functionalism; action-centred theories; processual and Marxist perspectives; the many faces of relativism, structuralism and post-structuralism; and recent interpretive and postmodernist viewpoints.
Author: Alan Barnard
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1316101932
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 377
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Book Description
Anthropology is a discipline very conscious of its history, and Alan Barnard has written a clear, balanced and judicious textbook that surveys the historical contexts of the great debates and traces the genealogies of theories and schools of thought. It also considers the problems involved in assessing these theories. The book covers the precursors of anthropology; evolutionism in all its guises; diffusionism and culture area theories, functionalism and structural-functionalism; action-centred theories; processual and Marxist perspectives; the many faces of relativism, structuralism and post-structuralism; and recent interpretive and postmodernist viewpoints.
Author: Wsevolod W. Isajiw
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 113455267X
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 167
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Book Description
This is Volume I of twenty-two in the Social Theory and Methodology series. First published in 1968 this text looks at an analysis of functionalism by means of the notion of causality. It is a study of functionalism, yet also an explication of the notion of causality through its application to a sociological theory.
Author: Jonathan H. Turner
Publisher: Benjamin-Cummings Publishing Company
ISBN:
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 164
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Book Description
Author: Michael Mulkay
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317651847
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 273
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Book Description
M.J. Mulkay traces the development of certain recent versions of functionalism and exchange theory in sociology, with special attention to 'theoretical strategy'. He uses this term to refer to the policies which theorists adopt to ensure that their work contributes to their long range theoretical objectives. Such strategies are important, he believes, because they place limits on the theories with which they are associated. He shows how each of the theorists he studies devised a new strategy to replace the unsuccessful policies of a prior theory in a process of 'strategical dialectic'. This often has unforeseen consequences for the direction of theoretical growth, and the author interprets changes in theoretical perspective largely as products of these strategical innovations.
Author: Jeff Buechner
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262261979
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 357
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Book Description
The first systematic examination of Hilary Putnam's arguments against computational functionalism challenges each of Putnam's main arguments. With mind-brain identity theories no longer dominant in philosophy of mind in the late 1950s, scientific materialists turned to functionalism, the view that the identity of any mental state depends on its function in the cognitive system of which it is a part. The philosopher Hilary Putnam was one of the primary architects of functionalism and was the first to propose computational functionalism, which views the human mind as a computer or an information processor. But, in the early 1970s, Putnam began to have doubts about functionalism, and in his masterwork Representation and Reality (MIT Press, 1988), he advanced four powerful arguments against his own doctrine of computational functionalism. In Gödel, Putnam, and Functionalism, Jeff Buechner systematically examines Putnam's arguments against functionalism and contends that they are unsuccessful. Putnam's first argument uses Gödel's incompleteness theorem to refute the view that there is a computational description of human reasoning and rationality; his second, the “triviality argument,” demonstrates that any computational description can be attributed to any physical system; his third, the multirealization argument, shows that there are infinitely many computational realizations of an arbitrary intentional state; his fourth argument buttresses this assertion by showing that there cannot be local computational reductions because there is no computable partitioning of the infinity of computational realizations of an arbitrary intentional state into a single package or small set of packages (equivalence classes). Buechner analyzes these arguments and the important inferential connections among them—for example, the use of both the Gödel and triviality arguments in the argument against local computational reductions—and argues that none of Putnam's four arguments succeeds in refuting functionalism. Gödel, Putnam, and Functionalism will inspire renewed discussion of Putnam's influential book and will confirm Representation and Reality as a major work by a major philosopher.
Author: Talmy Givón
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN: 9027221472
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 505
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Book Description
This book is Prof. Givon's long-awaited critical examination of the fundamental theoretical and methodological underpinnings of the functionalist approach to grammar. It challenges functionalists to take their own medicine and establish non-circular empirical definitions of both 'function' and 'structure'. Ideological hand-waving, however fervent and right-thinking, is seldom an adequate substitute for analytic rigor and empirical responsibility. If the reductionist extremism of the various structuralist schools is to be challenged on solid intellectual grounds, the challenge cannot itself be equally extreme in its reductionism. The book is divided into nine chapters: 1. Prospectus, somewhat jaundiced (overview) 2. Markedness as meta-iconicity: Distributional and cognitive correlates of syntactic structure 3. The functional basis of grammatical typology 4. Modal prototypes of truth and action 5. Taking structure seriously: Constituency and the VP node 6. Taking structure seriously II: Grammatical relations and clause union 7. The distribution of grammar in text: On interpreting conditional associations 8. Coming to terms with cognition: Coherence in text vs. coherence in mind 9. On the co-evolution of language, mind and brain.
Author: Nicolas Berg
Publisher: Wallstein Verlag
ISBN: 9783835302914
Category : Historiography
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
Author: Fouad Sabry
Publisher: One Billion Knowledgeable
ISBN:
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 211
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Book Description
What Is Functionalism In the field of philosophy of mind, the term "functionalism" refers to the idea that each and every mental state is solely constituted by its functional role, which refers to its relation of causality to other mental states, sensory inputs, and behavioral outputs. The identity theory of mind and behaviorism were two of the major influences that led to the development of functionalism. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Functionalism (philosophy of mind) Chapter 2: Philosophy of mind Chapter 3: Hilary Putnam Chapter 4: Multiple realizability Chapter 5: Type physicalism Chapter 6: Mental state Chapter 7: Computational theory of mind Chapter 8: Hard problem of consciousness Chapter 9: Qualia Chapter 10: Chinese room (II) Answering the public top questions about functionalism. (III) Real world examples for the usage of functionalism in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of functionalism' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of functionalism.
Author: Jon Lang
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351935232
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 461
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Book Description
A range of current approaches to architecture are neglected in our contemporary writings on design philosophies. This book argues that the model of 'function' and the concept of a 'functional building' that we have inherited from the twentieth-century Modernists is limited in scope and detracts from a full understanding of the purposes served by the built environment. It simply does not cover the range of functions that buildings can afford nor is it tied in a conceptually clear manner to our contemporary concepts of architectural theory. Based on Abraham Maslow's theory of human motivations, and following on from Lang's widely-used text, Creating Architectural Theory: The Role of the Behavioral Sciences in Environmental Design, Lang and Moleski here propose a new model of functionalism that responds to numerous observations on the inadequacy of current ways of thinking about functionalism in architecture and urban design. Copiously illustrated, the book puts forward this model and then goes on to discuss in detail each function of buildings and urban environments.
Author: Luis E. Carranza
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000510883
Category : Architecture
Languages : en
Pages : 245
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Book Description
Radical Functionalism: A Social Architecture for Mexico provides a complex and nuanced understanding of the functionalist architecture developed in Mexico during the 1930s. It carefully re-reads the central texts and projects of its main advocates to show how their theories responded to the socially and culturally charged Mexican context. These, such as architects Juan Legarreta, Juan O’Gorman, the Union of Socialist Architects, and Manuel Amábilis, were part of broader explorations to develop a modern, national architecture intended to address the needs of the Mexican working classes. Through their refunctioning of functionalism, these radical thinkers showed how architecture could stand at the precipice of Mexico's impending modernization and respond to its impending changes. The book examines their engagement and negotiation with foreign influences, issues of gender and class, and the separation between art and architecture. Functionalist practices are presented as contradictory and experimental, as challenging the role of architecture in the transformation of society, and as intimately linked to art and local culture in the development of new forms of architecture for Mexico, including the "vernacularization" of functionalism itself. Uniquely including translations of two manifesto-like texts by O’Gorman expressing the polemical nature of their investigations, Radical Functionalism: A Social Architecture for Mexico will be a useful reference for scholars, researchers and students interested in the history of architectural movements.
