Author: L. Susan Stebbing
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000737152
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 108
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Book Description
Originally published in 1934. This fourth edition originally published 1954., revised by C. W. K. Mundle. "It must be the desire of every reasonable person to know how to justify a contention which is of sufficient importance to be seriously questioned. The explicit formulation of the principles of sound reasoning is the concern of Logic". This book discusses the habit of sound reasoning which is acquired by consciously attending to the logical principles of sound reasoning, in order to apply them to test the soundness of arguments. It isn’t an introduction to logic but it encourages the practice of logic, of deciding whether reasons in argument are sound or unsound. Stress is laid upon the importance of considering language, which is a key instrument of our thinking and is imperfect.
Author: Pierre Bourdieu
Publisher: Stanford University Press
ISBN: 9780804720113
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 348
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Book Description
Our usual representations of the opposition between the "civilized" and the "primitive" derive from willfully ignoring the relationship of distance our social science sets up between the observer and the observed. In fact, the author argues, the relationship between the anthropologist and his object of study is a particular instance of the relationship between knowing and doing, interpreting and using, symbolic mastery and practical masteryor between logical logic, armed with all the accumulated instruments of objectification, and the universally pre-logical logic of practice. In this, his fullest statement of a theory of practice, Bourdieu both sets out what might be involved in incorporating one's own standpoint into an investigation and develops his understanding of the powers inherent in the second member of many oppositional pairsthat is, he explicates how the practical concerns of daily life condition the transmission and functioning of social or cultural forms. The first part of the book, "Critique of Theoretical Reason," covers more general questions, such as the objectivization of the generic relationship between social scientific observers and their objects of study, the need to overcome the gulf between subjectivism and objectivism, the interplay between structure and practice (a phenomenon Bourdieu describes via his concept of the habitus), the place of the body, the manipulation of time, varieties of symbolic capital, and modes of domination. The second part of the book, "Practical Logics," develops detailed case studies based on Bourdieu's ethnographic fieldwork in Algeria. These examples touch on kinship patterns, the social construction of domestic space, social categories of perception and classification, and ritualized actions and exchanges. This book develops in full detail the theoretical positions sketched in Bourdieu's Outline of a Theory of Practice. It will be especially useful to readers seeking to grasp the subtle concepts central to Bourdieu's theory, to theorists interested in his points of departure from structuralism (especially fom Lévi-Strauss), and to critics eager to understand what role his theory gives to human agency. It also reveals Bourdieu to be an anthropological theorist of considerable originality and power.
Author: John W. Lloyd
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3662084066
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 263
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Book Description
This book provides a systematic approach to knowledge representation, computation, and learning using higher-order logic. For those interested in computational logic, it provides a framework for knowledge representation and computation based on higher-order logic, and demonstrates its advantages over more standard approaches based on first-order logic. For those interested in machine learning, the book explains how higher-order logic provides suitable knowledge representation formalisms and hypothesis languages for machine learning applications.
Author: Eliot Freidson
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0745666299
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 423
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Book Description
Eliot Freidson has written the first systematic account of professionalism as a method of organizing work. In ideal-typical professionalism, specialized workers control their own work, while in the free market consumers are in command, and in bureaucracy managers dominate. Freidson shows how each method has its own logic requiring different kinds of knowledge, organization, career, education and ideology. He also discusses how historic and national variations in state policy, professional organization, and forms of practice influence the strength of professionalism. In appraising the embattled position of professions today, Freidson concludes that ideologically inspired attacks pose less danger to professionals' institutional privileges than to their ethical independence to resist use of their specialized knowledge to maximize profit and efficiency without also providing its benefits to all in need. This timely and original analysis will be of great interest to those in sociology, political science, history, business studies and the various professions.
Author: Leon Sterling
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262193016
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 352
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Book Description
Addressed to readers at different levels of programming expertise, The Practice ofProlog offers a departure from current books that focus on small programming examples requiringadditional instruction in order to extend them to full programming projects. It shows how to designand organize moderate to large Prolog programs, providing a collection of eight programmingprojects, each with a particular application, and illustrating how a Prolog program was written tosolve the application. These range from a simple learning program to designing a database formolecular biology to natural language generation from plans and stream data analysis.Leon Sterlingis Associate Professor in the Department of Computer Engineering and Science at Case Western ReserveUniversity. He is the coauthor, along with Ehud Shapiro, of The Art of Prolog.Contents: A SimpleLearning Program, Richard O'Keefe. Designing a Prolog Database for Molecular Biology, Ewing Lusk,Robert Olson, Ross Overbeek, Steve Tuecke. Parallelizing a Pascal Compiler, Eran Gabber. PREDITOR: AProlog-Based VLSI Editor, Peter B. Reintjes. Assisting Register Transfer Level Hardware Design, PaulDrongowski. Design and Implementation of aPartial Evaluation System, Arun Lakhotia, Leon Sterling.Natural Language Generation from Plans, Chris Mellish. Stream Data Analysis in Prolog, Stott Parker.
Author: Erik KISLIK
Publisher: Gambit Publications
ISBN: 9781911465300
Category : Games & Activities
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Book Description
In a follow-up to his best-seller Applying Logic in Chess, Kislik presents a wide range of specific concepts, positional techniques and thinking methods that will help readers play more logical and successful chess. The author has worked with many leading grandmasters, including assisting World Champion Magnus Carlsen with his opening preparation.
Author: Byron M. Roth
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 9780742512740
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 454
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Book Description
This text, written by a philosopher and a social psychologist, emphasizes concrete applications of decision research to problems of everyday living, as well as to business, social, and political issues. The text contains scores of interesting examples and problems for analysis, ranging from personal decisions about medical treatment to Truman's decision to use the atomic bomb. There is no other text with such a wide-ranging coverage, with so practical an orientation, with such clear descriptions of the steps to effective decision making, and with so many end-of-chapter problems for analysis and practice.
Author: Denise Eide
Publisher: Logic of English, Inc
ISBN: 1936706075
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 204
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Book Description
"English is so illogical!" It is generally believed that English is a language of exceptions. For many, learning to spell and read is frustrating. For some, it is impossible... especially for the 29% of Americans who are functionally illiterate. But what if the problem is not the language itself, but the rules we were taught? What if we could see the complexity of English as a powerful tool rather than a hindrance? --Denise Eide Uncovering the Logic of English challenges the notion that English is illogical by systematically explaining English spelling and answering questions like "Why is there a silent final E in have, large, and house?" and "Why is discussion spelled with -sion rather than -tion?" With easy-to-read examples and anecdotes, this book describes: - the phonograms and spelling rules which explain 98% of English words - how English words are formed and how this knowledge can revolutionize vocabulary development - how understanding the reasons behind English spelling prevents students from needing to guess The author's inspiring commentary makes a compelling case that understanding the logic of English could transform literacy education and help solve America's literacy crisis. Thorough and filled with the latest linguistic and reading research, Uncovering the Logic of English demonstrates why this systematic approach should be as foundational to our education as 1+1=2.
Author: Patrick Suppes
Publisher: Courier Corporation
ISBN: 0486150941
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 308
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Book Description
Rigorous introduction is simple enough in presentation and context for wide range of students. Symbolizing sentences; logical inference; truth and validity; truth tables; terms, predicates, universal quantifiers; universal specification and laws of identity; more.
Author: P.D. Magnus
Publisher: Good Press
ISBN:
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 162
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Book Description
Forallx is an introduction to sentential logic and first-order predicate logic with identity, logical systems that significantly influenced twentieth-century analytic philosophy. After working through the material in this book, a student should be able to understand most quantified expressions that arise in their philosophical reading. This book treats symbolization, formal semantics, and proof theory for each language. The discussion of formal semantics is more direct than in many introductory texts. Although forall x does not contain proofs of soundness and completeness, it lays the groundwork for understanding why these are things that need to be proven. Contents: What is logic? Sentential logic Truth tables Quanti ed logic Formal semantics Proofs Other symbolic notation Solutions to selected exercises
