Fixed Bed Testing of Durable, Steam Resistant Zinc Oxide Containing Sorbents PDF Download
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Languages : en
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Languages : en
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Languages : en
Pages : 13
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A fixed-bed regenerable desulfurization sorbent, identified as RVS-1 and developed by researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory, was awarded the R & D 100 award in 2000 and is currently offered as a commercial product by Sued- Chemie Inc. An extensive testing program for this sorbent was undertaken which included tests at a wide range of temperatures, pressures and gas compositions both simulated and generated in an actual gasifier for sulfidation and regeneration. During these desulfurization tests, the RVS-1 sorbent maintained an effluent H2S concentration of 5 ppmv at temperatures from 260 to 600 C (500-1100 F) and pressures of 203-2026 kPa(2 to 20 atm) with a feed containing 1.2 vol% H2S. The types of syngas tested ranged from an oxygen-blown Texaco gasifier to biomass-generated syngas. The RVS-1 sorbent has demonstrated high crush strength and attrition resistance, which, unlike past sorbent formulations, does not decrease with extended testing at actual operating conditions. The sulfur capacity of the sorbent is roughly 17 to 20 wt.% which has been shown to remain constant during extended testing (25 cycles). In addition to H2S, the RVS-1 sorbent has also demonstrated the ability to remove dimethyl sulfide and carbonyl sulfide from syngas. It was also possible to obtain sulfur levels in the parts per billion by volume range with the modified RVS-1 sorbent. During regeneration, the RVS-1 sorbent has been regenerated with dilute oxygen streams (1 to 7 vol% O2) at temperatures as low as 370 C (700 F) and pressures of 304-709 kPa(3 to 7 atm). Although regeneration can be initiated at 370 C (700 F), regeneration temperatures in excess of 538 C (1000 F) were found to be optimal. The presence of steam, carbon dioxide or sulfur dioxide (up to 6 vol%) did not have any visible effect on regeneration or sorbent performance during either sulfidation or regeneration.
Author: Ranjani V. Siriwardane
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Category : Chemical engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Languages : en
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Languages : en
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The objectives of this project are to identify and demonstrate methods for enhancing long-term chemical reactivity and attrition resistance of zinc oxide-based mixed metal-oxide sorbents for desulfurization of hot coal-derived gases in a high-temperature, high-pressure (HTHP) fluidized-bed reactor. Specific objectives of this study are the following:[sm-bullet] Investigating various manufacturing methods to produce fluidizable zinc ferrite and zinc titanate sorbents in a particle size range of 50 to 400[mu]m; Characterizating and screening the formulations for chemical reactivity, attrition resistance, and structural properties; Testing selected formulations in an HTHP bench-scale fluidized-bed reactor to obtain an unbiased ranking of the promising sorbents; Investigating the effect of various process variables, such as temperature, nature of coal gas, gas velocity, and chemical composition of the sorbent, on the performance of the sorbent; Life-cycle testing of the superior zinc ferrite and zinc titanate formulations under HTHP conditions to determine their long-term chemical reactivity and mechanical strength; Addressing various reactor design issues; Generating a database on sorbent properties and performance (e.g., rates of reaction, attrition rate) to be used in the design and scaleup of future commercial hot-gas desulfurization systems; Transferring sorbent manufacturing technology to the private sector; Producing large batches (in tonnage quantities) of the sorbent to demonstrate commercial feasibility of the preparation method; and Coordinate testing of superior formulations in pilot plants with real and/or simulated coal gas.
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Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 526
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Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 512
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Author: Ranjani V. Siriwardane
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Category : Chemical engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 9
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Author: Aysel T. Atimtay
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642589774
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 409
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Economic and environmental requirements for advanced power generating systems demand the removal of corrosive and other sulfurous compounds from hot coal gas. After a brief account of the world energy resources and an overview of clean coal technologies, a review of regenerable metal oxide sorbents for cleaning the hot gas is provided. Zinc oxide, copper oxide, calcium oxide, manganese oxide based as well as supported and mixed metal oxide sorbents are treated. Performance analysis of these sorbents, effects of various parameters on the desulfurization efficiency, kinetics of sulfidation and regeneration reactions, sulfiding and regeneration mechanisms are discussed. Two chapters present recent results in the direct production of elemental sulfur from regeneration or SO2-rich gases.
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Languages : en
Pages : 19
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In the continuing search for good sorbent materials to remove sulfur from hot, coal-derived gases, zinc titanate sorbents have shown great promise. The objective of this project is to extend the effort started last year on sorbents with little or no loss in chemical reactivity. The principle is to contain Zn2TiO4 in a structural matrix of excess TiO2. Progress on several tasks was made during the third quarter. The new fixed bed apparatus at SIUC was made operational, and experiments in it have started. The feasibility of using turbine exhaust gas diluted with N2 for sorbent regeneration was demonstrated through experiments at both SIUC and RTI. The third of four ten-cycle tests was completed at RTI. It was a fixed bed test on one to two promising formulations developed last year. The results followed the pattern of the fluidized bed tests completed earlier in that the chemical reactivity was good, except for the first few cycles. Lastly the undergraduate student design project on hot gas desulfurization hardware was completed this quarter.
