Fiscal, Commercial, and Monetary Policies in Pakistan PDF Download
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Author: Nurun Nabi Choudhry
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pakistan
Languages : en
Pages : 1212
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Book Description
Author: Nurun Nabi Choudhry
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pakistan
Languages : en
Pages : 1212
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Book Description
Author: Saeed Ahmed Meenai
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 252
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Book Description
This textbook provides a historical record of the growth and development of banking in Pakistan. The book chronicles important events in the field of monetary management and critiques monetary and fiscal policies pursued in Pakistan since independence. The fifth edition has been extensively revised and updated.
Author: Saeed Ahmed Meenai
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 328
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Book Description
The story of the remarkable growth of banking in Pakistan and its told experience in the field of monetary management is in this book. The scope is broad, but the treatment is to the point and concise.
Author: International Monetary Fund
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1451830580
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 52
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Book Description
This paper evaluates Pakistan’s Financial System Stability Assessment, including Reports on the Observance of Standards and Codes on Monetary and Financial Policy Transparency, Banking Supervision, and Securities Regulation. Major reforms in the financial sector have resulted in a more resilient and efficient financial system that is better placed to absorb significant macroeconomic shocks. Increased liquidity in the system has recently led to a rapid increase in credit to the private sector that could be problematic if sustained. The securities markets have benefited from recent reforms, but may be vulnerable to systemic risks.
Author: International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1498324509
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 96
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Book Description
Pakistan’s economy is at a critical juncture. Misaligned economic policies, including large fiscal deficits, loose monetary policy, and defense of an overvalued exchange rate, fueled consumption and short-term growth in recent years, but steadily eroded macroeconomic buffers, increased external and public debt, and depleted international reserves. Structural weaknesses remained largely unaddressed, including a chronically weak tax administration, a difficult business environment, inefficient and loss making SOEs, and low labor productivity amid a large informal economy. Without urgent policy action, economic and financial stability could be at risk, and growth prospects will be insufficient to meet the needs of a rapidly growing population.
Author: Asim Ahmad
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 37
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Book Description
Monetary Policy is the process by which the central bank of a country controls the supply, availability and cost of money. It is often contrasted with fiscal policy, which is associated with changes in government expenditure and taxation. In the context of Pakistan and India, the central banks of both the countries, i.e. Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) are empowered to conduct and implement monetary policy of their respective countries. The central banks use various instruments of Monetary Policy like Open Market Operations, Bank Rate Policy, Variation in Reserve Ratios and other credit controls to achieve economic stability.In the backdrop of severe energy shortages and dismal law and order conditions, Pakistan's economy is currently facing persistence of double digit inflation, falling private investment, low growth, and rising total debt. The Indian economy has oriented itself towards market forces, with a healthy rate of GDP growth and a modest rate of inflation. The SBP, dominated by the Ministry of Finance, has pursued a tight monetary policy with ad-hoc and frequent corrective changes in policy instruments. This, coupled with an expansionary fiscal policy has diluted the impact if tight monetary policy. Private consumption has grown faster than economy itself. The policy has failed to curb inflation and resulted in collapse of investment and economic growth leading to unemployment and poverty. It has also worsened the country's fiscal balance with increased domestic borrowing. In contrast to this 'knee-jerk' approach, the RBI has pursued a more 'gradual' monetary policy approach.Policymakers in India had been engaged in the development of sound and efficient financial intermediaries and markets. The adoption of an augmented multiple indicators approach, combined with sound fiscal, administrative policies have resulted in success. Learning from the Indian experience, instead of tightening monetary policy, the Government of Pakistan needs to address supply-side causes of inflation. There is a need for restricting government borrowing from SBP, increasing financial depth and ensuring quality and timely assimilation of economic data followed by a well coordinated policy response by the stakeholders to changing macroeconomic conditions.
Author: International Monetary Fund
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1451830513
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 102
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Book Description
Pakistan showed great achievements under the program supported by the Stand-By Arrangement. Executive Directors stressed the need to implement strong fiscal, monetary, and exchange rate policies, and accelerate structural reforms. They emphasized the need for enhancing governance, rationalization of energy prices, broadening of tax base, strengthening of tax administration, and improving the financial position of public enterprises and banks. Directors agreed that the country has completed the first review under the Stand-By Arrangement, and approved a waiver.
Author: International Monetary Fund
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1498344658
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 257
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Book Description
This paper explores how fiscal policy can affect medium- to long-term growth. It identifies the main channels through which fiscal policy can influence growth and distills practical lessons for policymakers. The particular mix of policy measures, however, will depend on country-specific conditions, capacities, and preferences. The paper draws on the Fund’s extensive technical assistance on fiscal reforms as well as several analytical studies, including a novel approach for country studies, a statistical analysis of growth accelerations following fiscal reforms, and simulations of an endogenous growth model.
Author: Mercedes García-Escribano
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1616355654
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 33
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Book Description
South Asia has experienced significant progress in improving human and physical capital over the past few decades. Within the region, India has become a global economic powerhouse with enormous development potential ahead. To foster human and economic development, India has shown a strong commitment to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) Agenda. This paper focuses on the medium-term development challenges that South Asia, and in particular India, faces to ensure substantial progress along the SDGs by 2030. We estimate the additional spending needed in critical areas of human capital (health and education) and physical capital (water and sanitation, electricity, and roads). We document progress on these five sectors for India relative to other South Asian countries and discuss implications for policy and reform.
Author: Tomás J. T. Baliño
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 60
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Book Description
"Dollarization" - the holding by residents of a substantial portion of their assets in foreign-currency-denominated assets- is a common feature of developing and transition economies, and therefore typical of many countries with IMF - supported adjustment programs. This paper analyzes policy issues that arise-and various monetary strategies that may be pursued- when the monetary sector is dollarized, and it considers the implications that dollarization has for the design of IMF programs.
