Finite Element Method to Model Electromagnetic Systems in Low Frequency PDF Download
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Author: Francis Piriou
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1786308118
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 324
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Book Description
Numerical modeling now plays a central role in the design and study of electromagnetic systems. In the field of devices operating in low frequency, it is the finite element method that has come to the fore in recent decades. Today, it is widely used by engineers and researchers in industry, as well as in research centers. This book describes in detail all the steps required to discretize Maxwell’s equations using the finite element method. This involves progressing from the basic equations in the continuous domain to equations in the discrete domain that are solved by a computer. This approach is carried out with a constant focus on maintaining a link between physics, i.e. the properties of electromagnetic fields, and numerical analysis. Numerous academic examples, which are used throughout the various stages of model construction, help to clarify the developments.
Author: Francis Piriou
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1786308118
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 324
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Book Description
Numerical modeling now plays a central role in the design and study of electromagnetic systems. In the field of devices operating in low frequency, it is the finite element method that has come to the fore in recent decades. Today, it is widely used by engineers and researchers in industry, as well as in research centers. This book describes in detail all the steps required to discretize Maxwell’s equations using the finite element method. This involves progressing from the basic equations in the continuous domain to equations in the discrete domain that are solved by a computer. This approach is carried out with a constant focus on maintaining a link between physics, i.e. the properties of electromagnetic fields, and numerical analysis. Numerous academic examples, which are used throughout the various stages of model construction, help to clarify the developments.
Author: Yanlin Li
Publisher: Open Dissertation Press
ISBN: 9781361013717
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 154
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Book Description
This dissertation, "Advanced Finite Element Methodology for Low-frequency and Static Electromagnetic Modeling" by Yanlin, Li, 黎燕林, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: The design of state-of-the-art microelectronic devices poses unprecedented challenges to computational electromagnetics (CEM), which is cursed by the null space of curl operator. Both the low-frequency catastrophe for dynamic electromagnetic problems and non-uniqueness for magnetostatic problems originate from the null space. Although a few remedies are proposed during the last decade, a theoretically rigorous and numerically efficient solution is still on its way. Toward this end, this thesis constructs a finite element framework, which consists of generalized gauge condition, compatible finite element discretization, sparse approximate inverse (SAI) technique and static incomplete LU (ILU) preconditioned iterative solution. The generalized gauge condition introduces a gauge operator, which is comparable in magnitude and complementary in space with the double curl operator, into the original governing equations. The null space is removed and the combined operator becomes positive definite. However, the combined operator is so complicated that its discretization and matrix representation are unclear. Thanks to the theory of differential forms, the mapping of the quantity of interest from one form to another becomes distinct. Hence, the compatible discretization can be carried out based on the versatile Whitney elements. The resultant matrix system is much better conditioned than that of the ungauged one, whereas more treatment is still necessary to make it less sparse and faster convergent. The SAI and ILU preconditioning techniques provide an excellent solution to this difficulty. The former approximates the inverse of a mass matrix by a nearly-diagonal matrix, which greatly reduces the sparsity of the matrix system. The later shifts all the eigenvalues to the neighborhood of 1 and thus achieves an extremely fast convergence. Moreover, the static incomplete LU (ILU) preconditioning scheme is well suited to wideband analysis, because the preconditioner is calculated just once for a wide range of frequency. This framework is verified, by low-frequency circuit problems as well as magnetostatic ones, to be accurate and efficient. In addition, more effort is devoted to explore other possibilities to solve the aforementioned problem. The application of loop basis functions is also a promising solution, provided that the redundant loops in the mesh can be removed. Finally, the displacement current effect is studied in depth by a full-wave semianalytical solution of wireless power transfer into dispersive layered media. The comparison between the results with and without the displacement current advocates the full-wave electromagnetic modeling for multi-scale problems and wideband analysis. Subjects: Finite element method Electromagnetism - Computer simulation
Author: João Pedro A. Bastos
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0203911172
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 510
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Book Description
Unlike any other source in the field, this valuable reference clearly examines key aspects of the finite element method (FEM) for electromagnetic analysis of low-frequency electrical devices. The authors examine phenomena such as nonlinearity, mechanical force, electrical circuit coupling, vibration, heat, and movement for applications in the elect
Author: Gérard Meunier
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470393807
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 618
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Book Description
Written by specialists of modeling in electromagnetism, this book provides a comprehensive review of the finite element method for low frequency applications. Fundamentals of the method as well as new advances in the field are described in detail. Chapters 1 to 4 present general 2D and 3D static and dynamic formulations by the use of scalar and vector unknowns and adapted interpolations for the fields (nodal, edge, face or volume). Chapter 5 is dedicated to the presentation of different macroscopic behavior laws of materials and their implementation in a finite element context: anisotropy and hysteretic properties for magnetic sheets, iron losses, non-linear permanent magnets and superconductors. More specific formulations are then proposed: the modeling of thin regions when finite elements become misfit (Chapter 6), infinite domains by using geometrical transformations (Chapter 7), the coupling of 2D and 3D formulations with circuit equations (Chapter 8), taking into account the movement, particularly in the presence of Eddy currents (Chapter 9) and an original approach for the treatment of geometrical symmetries when the sources are not symmetric (Chapter 10). Chapters 11 to 13 are devoted to coupled problems: magneto-thermal coupling for induction heating, magneto-mechanical coupling by introducing the notion of strong and weak coupling and magneto-hydrodynamical coupling focusing on electromagnetic instabilities in fluid conductors. Chapter 14 presents different meshing methods in the context of electromagnetism (presence of air) and introduces self-adaptive mesh refinement procedures. Optimization techniques are then covered in Chapter 15, with the adaptation of deterministic and probabilistic methods to the numerical finite element environment. Chapter 16 presents a variational approach of electromagnetism, showing how Maxwell equations are derived from thermodynamic principles.
Author: Jian-Ming Jin
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118842022
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 728
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Book Description
A new edition of the leading textbook on the finite element method, incorporating major advancements and further applications in the field of electromagnetics The finite element method (FEM) is a powerful simulation technique used to solve boundary-value problems in a variety of engineering circumstances. It has been widely used for analysis of electromagnetic fields in antennas, radar scattering, RF and microwave engineering, high-speed/high-frequency circuits, wireless communication, electromagnetic compatibility, photonics, remote sensing, biomedical engineering, and space exploration. The Finite Element Method in Electromagnetics, Third Edition explains the method’s processes and techniques in careful, meticulous prose and covers not only essential finite element method theory, but also its latest developments and applications—giving engineers a methodical way to quickly master this very powerful numerical technique for solving practical, often complicated, electromagnetic problems. Featuring over thirty percent new material, the third edition of this essential and comprehensive text now includes: A wider range of applications, including antennas, phased arrays, electric machines, high-frequency circuits, and crystal photonics The finite element analysis of wave propagation, scattering, and radiation in periodic structures The time-domain finite element method for analysis of wideband antennas and transient electromagnetic phenomena Novel domain decomposition techniques for parallel computation and efficient simulation of large-scale problems, such as phased-array antennas and photonic crystals Along with a great many examples, The Finite Element Method in Electromagnetics is an ideal book for engineering students as well as for professionals in the field.
Author: João Pedro A. Bastos
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1466592524
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 396
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Book Description
Magnetic Materials and 3D Finite Element Modeling explores material characterization and finite element modeling (FEM) applications. This book relates to electromagnetic analysis based on Maxwell’s equations and application of the finite element (FE) method to low frequency devices. A great source for senior undergraduate and graduate students in electromagnetics, it also supports industry professionals working in magnetics, electromagnetics, ferromagnetic materials science and electrical engineering. The authors present current concepts on ferromagnetic material characterizations and losses. They provide introductory material; highlight basic electromagnetics, present experimental and numerical modeling related to losses and focus on FEM applied to 3D applications. They also explain various formulations, and discuss numerical codes. • Furnishes algorithms in computational language • Summarizes concepts related to the FE method • Uses classical algebra to present the method, making it easily accessible to engineers Written in an easy-to-understand tutorial format, the text begins with a short presentation of Maxwell’s equations, discusses the generation mechanism of iron losses, and introduces their static and dynamic components. It then demonstrates simplified models for the hysteresis phenomena under alternating magnetic fields. The book also focuses on the Preisach and Jiles–Atherton models, discusses vector hysterisis modeling, introduces the FE technique, and presents nodal and edge elements applied to 3D FE formulation connected to the hysteretic phenomena. The book discusses the concept of source-field for magnetostatic cases, magnetodynamic fields, eddy currents, and anisotropy. It also explores the need for more sophisticated coding, and presents techniques for solving linear systems generated by the FE cases while considering advantages and drawbacks.
Author: G.R. Liu
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1439820287
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 694
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Book Description
Generating a quality finite element mesh is difficult and often very time-consuming. Mesh-free methods operations can also be complicated and quite costly in terms of computational effort and resources. Developed by the authors and their colleagues, the smoothed finite element method (S-FEM) only requires a triangular/tetrahedral mesh to achieve mo
Author: Pavel Solin
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 047050272X
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 418
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Book Description
A modern presentation of integral methods in low-frequency electromagnetics This book provides state-of-the-art knowledge on integral methods in low-frequency electromagnetics. Blending theory with numerous examples, it introduces key aspects of the integral methods used in engineering as a powerful alternative to PDE-based models. Readers will get complete coverage of: The electromagnetic field and its basic characteristics An overview of solution methods Solutions of electromagnetic fields by integral expressions Integral and integrodifferential methods Indirect solutions of electromagnetic fields by the boundary element method Integral equations in the solution of selected coupled problems Numerical methods for integral equations All computations presented in the book are done by means of the authors' own codes, and a significant amount of their own results is included. At the book's end, they also discuss novel integral techniques of a higher order of accuracy, which are representative of the future of this rapidly advancing field. Integral Methods in Low-Frequency Electromagnetics is of immense interest to members of the electrical engineering and applied mathematics communities, ranging from graduate students and PhD candidates to researchers in academia and practitioners in industry.
Author: Yu Zhu
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0471786373
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 438
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Book Description
This is the first comprehensive monograph that features state-of-the-art multigrid methods for enhancing the modeling versatility, numerical robustness, and computational efficiency of one of the most popular classes of numerical electromagnetic field modeling methods: the method of finite elements. The focus of the publication is the development of robust preconditioners for the iterative solution of electromagnetic field boundary value problems (BVPs) discretized by means of finite methods. Specifically, the authors set forth their own successful attempts to utilize concepts from multigrid and multilevel methods for the effective preconditioning of matrices resulting from the approximation of electromagnetic BVPs using finite methods. Following the authors' careful explanations and step-by-step instruction, readers can duplicate the authors' results and take advantage of today's state-of-the-art multigrid/multilevel preconditioners for finite element-based iterative electromagnetic field solvers. Among the highlights of coverage are: * Application of multigrid, multilevel, and hybrid multigrid/multilevel preconditioners to electromagnetic scattering and radiation problems * Broadband, robust numerical modeling of passive microwave components and circuits * Robust, finite element-based modal analysis of electromagnetic waveguides and cavities * Application of Krylov subspace-based methodologies for reduced-order macromodeling of electromagnetic devices and systems * Finite element modeling of electromagnetic waves in periodic structures The authors provide more than thirty detailed algorithms alongside pseudo-codes to assist readers with practical computer implementation. In addition, each chapter includes an applications section with helpful numerical examples that validate the authors' methodologies and demonstrate their computational efficiency and robustness. This groundbreaking book, with its coverage of an exciting new enabling computer-aided design technology, is an essential reference for computer programmers, designers, and engineers, as well as graduate students in engineering and applied physics.
Author: Sergey N. Makarov
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119052467
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 616
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Book Description
Provides a detailed and systematic description of the Method of Moments (Boundary Element Method) for electromagnetic modeling at low frequencies and includes hands-on, application-based MATLAB® modules with user-friendly and intuitive GUI and a highly visualized interactive output. Includes a full-body computational human phantom with over 120 triangular surface meshes extracted from the Visible Human Project® Female dataset of the National library of Medicine and fully compatible with MATLAB® and major commercial FEM/BEM electromagnetic software simulators. This book covers the basic concepts of computational low-frequency electromagnetics in an application-based format and hones the knowledge of these concepts with hands-on MATLAB® modules. The book is divided into five parts. Part 1 discusses low-frequency electromagnetics, basic theory of triangular surface mesh generation, and computational human phantoms. Part 2 covers electrostatics of conductors and dielectrics, and direct current flow. Linear magnetostatics is analyzed in Part 3. Part 4 examines theory and applications of eddy currents. Finally, Part 5 evaluates nonlinear electrostatics. Application examples included in this book cover all major subjects of low-frequency electromagnetic theory. In addition, this book includes complete or summarized analytical solutions to a large number of quasi-static electromagnetic problems. Each Chapter concludes with a summary of the corresponding MATLAB® modules. Combines fundamental electromagnetic theory and application-oriented computation algorithms in the form of stand alone MATLAB® modules Makes use of the three-dimensional Method of Moments (MoM) for static and quasistatic electromagnetic problems Contains a detailed full-body computational human phantom from the Visible Human Project® Female, embedded implant models, and a collection of homogeneous human shells Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Modeling for Electrical and Biological Systems Using MATLAB® is a resource for electrical and biomedical engineering students and practicing researchers, engineers, and medical doctors working on low-frequency modeling and bioelectromagnetic applications.
