Fast Scanning Calorimetry Studies of Molecular Dynamics in Crystals, Liquids, and Glasses PDF Download
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Author: Ulyana Sorokopoud Cubeta
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Ulyana Sorokopoud Cubeta
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Christoph Schick
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319313290
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 796
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Book Description
In the past decades, the scan rate range of calorimeters has been extended tremendously at the high end, from approximately 10 up to 10 000 000 °C/s and more. The combination of various calorimeters and the newly-developed Fast Scanning Calorimeters (FSC) now span 11 orders of magnitude, by which many processes can be mimicked according to the time scale(s) of chemical and physical transitions occurring during cooling, heating and isothermal stays in case heat is exchanged. This not only opens new areas of research on polymers, metals, pharmaceuticals and all kinds of substances with respect to glass transition, crystallization and melting phenomena, it also enables in-depth study of metastability and reorganization of samples on an 1 to 1000 ng scale. In addition, FSC will become a crucial tool for understanding and optimization of processing methods at high speeds like injection molding. The book resembles the state-of-the art in Thermal Analysis & Calorimetry and is an excellent starting point for both experts and newcomers in the field.
Author: Deepanjan Bhattacharya
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: R. Mukhopadhyay
Publisher: Universities Press
ISBN: 9788173711985
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 562
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Author: Collin W. Cross
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Liquid crystals
Languages : en
Pages : 308
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Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0444640630
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 862
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Book Description
Handbook of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry: Recent Advances, Techniques and Applications, Volume Six, Second Edition, presents the latest in a series that has been well received by the thermal analysis and calorimetry community. This volume covers recent advances in techniques and applications that complement the earlier volumes. There has been tremendous progress in the field in recent years, and this book puts together the most high-impact topics selected for their popularity by new editors Sergey Vyazovkin, Nobuyoshi Koga and Christoph Schick—all editors of Thermochimica Acta. Among the important new techniques covered are biomass conversion; sustainable polymers; polymer nanocompsoties; nonmetallic glasses; phase change materials; propellants and explosives; applications to pharmaceuticals; processes in ceramics, metals, and alloys; ionic liquids; fast-scanning calorimetry, and more. - Features 19 all-new chapters to bring readers up to date on the current status of the field - Provides a broad overview of recent progress in the most popular techniques and applications - Includes chapters authored by a recognized leader in each field and compiled by a new team of editors, each with at least 20 years of experience in the field of thermal analysis and calorimetry - Enables applications across a wide range of modern materials, including polymers, metals, alloys, ceramics, energetics and pharmaceutics - Overviews the current status of the field and summarizes recent progress in the most popular techniques and applications
Author: Ronald Y Dong
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781461219552
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 328
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Author: Sergey Vyazovkin
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3039365592
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 230
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Book Description
Changing the temperature of a substance can stimulate dramatic changes of its state. These changes can be intermolecular (physical) and intramolecular (chemical) in nature. Physical changes occur without breaking intramolecular bonds, and lead to transitions between the four major phases: gas, liquid, crystal, and glass. Chemical changes are associated with chemical reactions that originate from breaking intramolecular bonds. Phase transitions as well as chemical reactions occur at finite rates. Measuring the rates of processes is the realm of kinetics. The kinetics of thermally stimulated processes is routinely measured using thermal analysis techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Knowing the process rates and their dependence on temperature is of vital importance for understanding the behavior of materials exposed to variations in temperature. In recent years, thermal analysis kinetics has made significant progress by developing computational tools for reliable kinetic analysis. It has also expanded its traditional application area to newly developed nano- and biomaterials. This Special Issue is a series of papers that reflect recent developments in the field and highlight the essential role of thermal analysis kinetics in understanding the processes responsible for the thermal behavior of various materials.
Author: Rongrong Dai
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 136
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Metallic glasses have drawn significant attention due to their unique properties, such as high strength, excellent elastic energy storage capacity, and versatile processability. However, why some liquids can easily form metallic glasses while others don't is still unclear. Since metallic glasses are formed when liquids are cooled fast enough to bypass crystallization, we hope to better understand glass formation by investigating the structural evolution and thermophysical properties of the liquids as they are cooled toward the glass transition. Multiple molecular dynamics simulations suggest a crossover temperature for the dynamics near the liquidus temperature, which corresponds to the onset of cooperative structural rearrangements and may be the beginning of the glass transition. In this dissertation, a possible structural signature of this onset of cooperativity is first identified using high-energy synchrotron X-ray scattering studies and viscosity measurements on electrostatically levitated liquids. We also address the practical question of how to predict glass formation from properties of the high temperature liquids. A method to accurately predict the glass transition temperature in metallic glasses from properties of the equilibrium liquids is proposed. It uses the viscosity and the thermal expansion coefficient for the equilibrium liquid. Using the predicted glass transition temperature and a fragility parameter developed from the liquid properties, a new prediction formula is generated, which only uses the liquid properties. While the prediction formula works for most cases, in some cases, it fails. The analysis of these anomalous cases demonstrates that the structural similarity between the liquid and crystal phases plays an important role in the glass formability. This is the first demonstration of this important controlling factor for glass formability. We also used machine learning (Lasso regression and Random Forest) to predict the glass formability and identify important predictors. The identified important predictors are in good agreement with those from the empirical rules. Finally, the evolution of the Cu46Zr54 liquid structure is investigated by elastic neutron scattering (with isotopic substitution) and synchrotron X-ray scattering studies. The experimental results show that the number of Cu-Cu and Zr-Zr atom pairs increases as the temperature decreases, while the number of Cu-Zr atom pairs decreases on cooling. This result disagrees with predictions from previous molecular dynamics studies, suggesting that the potentials used in the molecular dynamics simulations should be reassessed.
Author: Arnold Bondi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 502
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