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Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240082816
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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Book Description
In September 2022, in tandem with the Global Summit of National Ethics Committees [LINK] in Lisbon, Portugal, the Health Ethics & Governance Unit hosted a workshop to explore experiences of research ethics review during COVID-19 with representatives from over 20 countries. The objectives of the meeting were: - to identify what worked and did not work in terms of research ethics review during COVID-19; - to discuss clinical trial designs such as adaptive trials and their impact on research ethics review during COVID-19; - to draft recommendations for various stakeholders and a report on the workshop findings; and - to contribute to a possible revision of WHO’s guidance for research ethics committees for rapid review of research during public health emergencies. It was agreed that additional guidance about ethical review in emergencies was not required, other than for specific issues such as new trial methods. Rather, research ethics committees need to be better prepared, better resourced, and better connected. Attention should be paid to improving relations between research ethics committees and other parts of the research ecosystem; clarifying roles and responsibilities and improving coordination at all levels; retaining and building on flexible systems and approaches developed during the pandemic; and ensuring that research ethics committees have the necessary resources to contribute effectively to the shared aim of ethical,effective research. For more detail see the meeting report [LINK] and an article in BMC Medical Ethics, co-authored by all the speakers at the meeting.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240082816
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 20
Get Book Here
Book Description
In September 2022, in tandem with the Global Summit of National Ethics Committees [LINK] in Lisbon, Portugal, the Health Ethics & Governance Unit hosted a workshop to explore experiences of research ethics review during COVID-19 with representatives from over 20 countries. The objectives of the meeting were: - to identify what worked and did not work in terms of research ethics review during COVID-19; - to discuss clinical trial designs such as adaptive trials and their impact on research ethics review during COVID-19; - to draft recommendations for various stakeholders and a report on the workshop findings; and - to contribute to a possible revision of WHO’s guidance for research ethics committees for rapid review of research during public health emergencies. It was agreed that additional guidance about ethical review in emergencies was not required, other than for specific issues such as new trial methods. Rather, research ethics committees need to be better prepared, better resourced, and better connected. Attention should be paid to improving relations between research ethics committees and other parts of the research ecosystem; clarifying roles and responsibilities and improving coordination at all levels; retaining and building on flexible systems and approaches developed during the pandemic; and ensuring that research ethics committees have the necessary resources to contribute effectively to the shared aim of ethical,effective research. For more detail see the meeting report [LINK] and an article in BMC Medical Ethics, co-authored by all the speakers at the meeting.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789241549837
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
"Infectious disease outbreaks are frequently characterized by scientific uncertainty, social and institutional disruption, and an overall climate of fear and distrust. Policy makers and public health professionals may be forced to weigh and prioritize potentially competing ethical values in the face of severe time and resource constraints. This document seeks to assist policy-makers, health care providers, researchers, and others prepare for outbreak situations by anticipating and preparing for the critical ethical issues likely to arise."--Publisher.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309381029
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 141
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Book Description
Since the 2014 Ebola outbreak many public- and private-sector leaders have seen a need for improved management of global public health emergencies. The effects of the Ebola epidemic go well beyond the three hardest-hit countries and beyond the health sector. Education, child protection, commerce, transportation, and human rights have all suffered. The consequences and lethality of Ebola have increased interest in coordinated global response to infectious threats, many of which could disrupt global health and commerce far more than the recent outbreak. In order to explore the potential for improving international management and response to outbreaks the National Academy of Medicine agreed to manage an international, independent, evidence-based, authoritative, multistakeholder expert commission. As part of this effort, the Institute of Medicine convened four workshops in summer of 2015 to inform the commission report. The presentations and discussions from the Workshop on Research and Development of Medical Products are summarized in this report.
Author: Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS)
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9789290360889
Category : Bioethics
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
"In the new 2016 version of the ethical guidelines, CIOMS provides answers to a number of pressing issues in research ethics. The Council does so by stressing the need for research having scientific and social value, by providing special guidelines for health-related research in low-resource settings, by detailing the provisions for involving vulnerable groups in research and for describing under what conditions biological samples and health-related data can be used for research."--Page 4 de la couverture.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309670381
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 501
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Book Description
When communities face complex public health emergencies, state local, tribal, and territorial public health agencies must make difficult decisions regarding how to effectively respond. The public health emergency preparedness and response (PHEPR) system, with its multifaceted mission to prevent, protect against, quickly respond to, and recover from public health emergencies, is inherently complex and encompasses policies, organizations, and programs. Since the events of September 11, 2001, the United States has invested billions of dollars and immeasurable amounts of human capital to develop and enhance public health emergency preparedness and infrastructure to respond to a wide range of public health threats, including infectious diseases, natural disasters, and chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear events. Despite the investments in research and the growing body of empirical literature on a range of preparedness and response capabilities and functions, there has been no national-level, comprehensive review and grading of evidence for public health emergency preparedness and response practices comparable to those utilized in medicine and other public health fields. Evidence-Based Practice for Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response reviews the state of the evidence on PHEPR practices and the improvements necessary to move the field forward and to strengthen the PHEPR system. This publication evaluates PHEPR evidence to understand the balance of benefits and harms of PHEPR practices, with a focus on four main areas of PHEPR: engagement with and training of community-based partners to improve the outcomes of at-risk populations after public health emergencies; activation of a public health emergency operations center; communication of public health alerts and guidance to technical audiences during a public health emergency; and implementation of quarantine to reduce the spread of contagious illness.
Author: Mariana Kruger
Publisher: AFRICAN SUN MeDIA
ISBN: 1920689303
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 206
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Book Description
The aim of this book is to provide research ethics committee members with a resource that focuses on research ethics issues in Africa. The authors are currently active in various aspects of research ethics in Africa and the majority have been trained in the past by either the Fogarty International Center or Europe and Developing Countries Clinical Trial Partnership (EDCTP) sponsored bioethics training programmes .
Author: Drue H. Barrett
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783319238463
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This Open Access book highlights the ethical issues and dilemmas that arise in the practice of public health. It is also a tool to support instruction, debate, and dialogue regarding public health ethics. Although the practice of public health has always included consideration of ethical issues, the field of public health ethics as a discipline is a relatively new and emerging area. There are few practical training resources for public health practitioners, especially resources which include discussion of realistic cases which are likely to arise in the practice of public health. This work discusses these issues on a case to case basis and helps create awareness and understanding of the ethics of public health care. The main audience for the casebook is public health practitioners, including front-line workers, field epidemiology trainers and trainees, managers, planners, and decision makers who have an interest in learning about how to integrate ethical analysis into their day to day public health practice. The casebook is also useful to schools of public health and public health students as well as to academic ethicists who can use the book to teach public health ethics and distinguish it from clinical and research ethics.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9241547723
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 212
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Book Description
I. Defining "research"--II. Issues in study design . -- III. Harm and benefit -- IV. Voluntary informed consent -- V. Standard of care -- VI. Obligations to participants and communities -- VII. Privacy and confidentiality -- VIII. Professional ethics.
Author: Joseph Check
Publisher: SAGE Publications
ISBN: 1412998514
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 441
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Book Description
Research Methods in Education introduces research methods as an integrated set of techniques for investigating questions about the educational world. This lively, innovative text helps students connect technique and substance, appreciate the value of both qualitative and quantitative methodologies, and make ethical research decisions. It weaves actual research "stories" into the presentation of research topics, and it emphasizes validity, authenticity, and practical significance as overarching research goals. The text is divided into three sections: Foundations of Research (5 chapters), Research Design and Data Collection (7 chapters), and Analyzing and Reporting Data (3 chapters). This tripartite conceptual framework honors traditional quantitative approaches while reflecting the growing popularity of qualitative studies, mixed method designs, and school-based techniques. This approach provides a comprehensive, conceptually unified, and well-written introduction to the exciting but complex field of educational research.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309107695
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 250
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Book Description
In recent public workshops and working group meetings, the Forum on Microbial Threats of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) has examined a variety of infectious disease outbreaks with pandemic potential, including those caused by influenza (IOM, 2005) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) (IOM, 2004). Particular attention has been paid to the potential pandemic threat posed by the H5N1 strain of avian influenza, which is now endemic in many Southeast Asian bird populations. Since 2003, the H5N1 subtype of avian influenza has caused 185 confirmed human deaths in 11 countries, including some cases of viral transmission from human to human (WHO, 2007). But as worrisome as these developments are, at least they are caused by known pathogens. The next pandemic could well be caused by the emergence of a microbe that is still unknown, much as happened in the 1980s with the emergence of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and in 2003 with the appearance of the SARS coronavirus. Previous Forum meetings on pandemic disease have discussed the scientific and logistical challenges associated with pandemic disease recognition, identification, and response. Participants in these earlier meetings also recognized the difficulty of implementing disease control strategies effectively. Ethical and Legal Considerations in Mitigating Pandemic Disease: Workshop Summary as a factual summary of what occurred at the workshop.
