Fabrication of the Inverted Type Organic Solar Cells Via Soft Contact Lamination Method PDF Download
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Author: 董勁吾
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 57
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Book Description
Author: 董勁吾
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 57
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 142
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Book Description
Author: Johannes Michael Küffner
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3656875510
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 106
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Book Description
Bachelor Thesis from the year 2014 in the subject Technology, grade: 1,0, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, course: Nanotechnologie, language: English, abstract: This bachelor thesis presents the fabrication and evaluation of large-scale full-solution roll-to-roll processed, ITO-free flexible organic solar cells in a modified inverted device geometry by gravure printing on a discrete laboratory-scale printing system. The layer stack is based on flexible PET substrate whereupon the back silver cathode was printed on top. The electron transport layer of ZnO and a double light absorbing photoactive layer of P3HT:PCBM, the hole transport layer of PEDOT:PSS and front silver anode were printed consecutively. All layers were roll-to-roll gravure printed from solution under full ambient vacuum-free conditions at a web speed of 2 m min−1. The completed solar cells were characterized by J-V and comprising layers by light beam induced current measurements. For fast testing and reproducibility experiments the remaining layers of the stack after each gravure printed film were deposited by slot-die coating and flexographic printing on a single roll coating system. Unfortunately functional organic solar cells of a fully gravure printed layer stack could not be found. A power conversion efficiency of 0.15 % of partly roll-to-roll gravure printed and residuary roll-based slot-die coated and flexographic printed organic solar cells under AM1.5G illumination was obtained. The thesis contains a brief introduction in the topic of renewable energies and organic photovoltaic followed by the state of art in two-dimensional gravure printing organic solar cells and the motivation to particularly foreground this fabrication method. In the fundamentals part the working principle, device geometries, affiliated by the concept of ITO-free organic solar cells and materials in an organic photovoltaic device including characterization methods are presented. Afterwards large-scale manufacturing techniques of organic photovoltaic comprising coating and printing technologies are reviewed and the roll-to-roll manufacturing strategies are introduced. In the experimental part the design, machinery and equipment used and fabrication of gravure printed flexible organic solar cell are chronologically described in detail in connection with presenting and discussing the results after characterizing the completed solar cells. Challenges that were faced during the studies are described subsequently and solutions of appeared problems are presented. A conclusion and outlook finalizes the thesis.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 8
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A novel, yet simple solution fabrication technique to address the trade-off between photocurrent and fill factor in thick bulk heterojunction organic solar cells is described. Lastly, the inverted off-center spinning technique promotes a vertical gradient of the donor-acceptor phase-separated morphology, enabling devices with near 100% internal quantum efficiency and a high power conversion efficiency of 10.95%.
Author: Chun-Chao Chen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 159
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Book Description
In the past decade, research on organic solar cells has gone through an important development stage leading to major enhancements in power conversion efficiency, from 4% to 9% in single-junction devices. During this period, there are many novel processing techniques and device designs that have been proposed and adapted in organic solar-cell devices. One well-known device architecture that helps maximize the solar cell efficiency is the multi-junction tandem solar-cell design. Given this design, multiple photoactive absorbers as subcells are stacked in a monolithic fashion and assembled via series connection into one complete device, known as the tandem solar cell. Since multiple absorbers with different optical energy bandgaps are being applied in one tandem solar-cell device, the corresponding solar cell efficiency is maximized through expanded absorption spectrum and reduced carrier thermalization loss. In Chapter 3, the architecture of solution-processible, visibly transparent solar cells is introduced. Unlike conventional organic solar-cell devices with opaque electrodes (such as silver, aluminum, gold and etc.), the semi-transparent solar cells rely on highly transparent electrodes and visibly transparent photoactive absorbers. Given these two criteria, we first demonstrated the visibly transparent single-junction solar cells via the polymer absorber with near-infrared absorption and the top electrode based on solution-processible silver nanowire conductor. The highest visible transparency (400 ~ 700 nm) of 65% was achieved for the complete device structure. More importantly, power conversion efficiency of 4% was also demonstrated. In Chapter 4, we stacked two semi-transparent photoactive absorbers in the tandem architecture in order to realize the semi-transparent tandem solar cells. A noticeable performance improvement from 4% to 7% was observed. More importantly, we modified the interconnecting layers with the incorporation of a thin conjugated polyelectrolyte layer functioning as the surface dipole formation layer to provide better electrical contact with the photoactive layer. Due to the effectiveness of the conjugated polyelectrolyte layer, performance improvement was also observed. Furthermore, other issues regarding the semi-transparent tandem solar cells (e.g., photocurrent matching, exterior color tuning, and transparency tuning) are all explored to optimize best performance. In Chapter 5 and 6, the architectures of double- and triple-junction tandem solar cells are explored. Theoretically, triple-junction tandem solar cells with three photoactive absorbers with cascaded energy bandgaps have the potential to achieve higher performance, in comparison with double-junction tandem solar cells. Such expectations can be ascribed to the minimized carrier thermalization loss and further improved light absorption. However, the design of triple-junction solar cells often involves sophisticated multiple layer deposition as well as substantial optimization. Therefore, there is a lack of successful demonstrations of triple-junction solar cells outperforming the double-junction counterparts. To solve the incompatible issues related to the layer deposition in the fabrication, we proposed a novel architecture of inverted-structure tandem solar cells with newly designed interconnecting layers. Our design of interconnecting layers does not only focus on maintaining the orthogonal solution processing advantages, but also provides an excellent compatibility in the energy level alignment to allow different absorber materials to be used. Furthermore, we also explored the light management inside the double- and triple-junction tandem solar cells. The study of light management was carried out through optical simulation method based transfer matrix formalism. The intention is to obtain a balanced photocurrent output from each subcells inside the tandem solar cell, thus the minimal recombination loss at the contact of interconnecting layers and the optimal efficiency can be expected. With help from simulations, we were able to calibrate the thickness of each photoactive layer as well as the thickness of interconnecting layers to achieve the optimized processing conditions. With the highest power conversion efficiency, 11.5%, triple-junction tandem solar cells outperform the double-junction tandem solar cells at 10.5%. In summary, this dissertation has provided practical solutions to the current demand of high-performance and easily manufactured organic solar cells from the solar cell industry. Particularly, triple-junction tandem solar cells with efficiencies over 11% should have great potential to contribute to high-efficiency solar-cell applications, whereas semi-transparent tandem solar cells with efficiency at 7% should be applicable to building-integrated applications.
Author: Sam-Shajing Sun
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351837060
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 916
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Book Description
Recently developed organic photovoltaics (OPVs) show distinct advantages over their inorganic counterparts due to their lighter weight, flexible shape, versatile materials synthesis and device fabrication schemes, and low cost in large-scale industrial production. Although many books currently exist on general concepts of PV and inorganic PV materials and devices, few are available that offer a comprehensive overview of recently fast developing organic and polymeric PV materials and devices. Organic Photovoltaics: Mechanisms, Materials, and Devices fills this gap. The book provides an international perspective on the latest research in this rapidly expanding field with contributions from top experts around the world. It presents a unified approach comprising three sections: General Overviews; Mechanisms and Modeling; and Materials and Devices. Discussions include sunlight capture, exciton diffusion and dissociation, interface properties, charge recombination and migration, and a variety of currently developing OPV materials/devices. The book also includes two forewords: one by Nobel Laureate Dr. Alan J. Heeger, and the other by Drs. Aloysius Hepp and Sheila Bailey of NASA Glenn Research Center. Organic Photovoltaics equips students, researchers, and engineers with knowledge of the mechanisms, materials, devices, and applications of OPVs necessary to develop cheaper, lighter, and cleaner renewable energy throughout the coming decades.
Author: Emre Yengel
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781124400662
Category : Energy conversion
Languages : en
Pages : 81
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Book Description
Bulk heterojunction organic solar cells have recently drawn tremendous attention because of their technological advantages for actualization of large-area and cost effective fabrication. Two important criteria of these cells are efficiency and cost. The research in this dissertation focuses on the enhancement of these criteria with two different approaches. In the first approach, power conversion efficiency of organic photovoltaic devices is enhanced by introducing Deoxyribonucleic acids DNA into the device structure. DNA provide exciting opportunities as templates in self assembled architectures and functionality in terms of optical and electronic properties. In the first method, we investigate the effects of DNA and metalized DNA sequences in polymer fullerene bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells. These effects are characterized via optical, quantum efficiency and current-voltage measurements. We demonstrate that by placing on the hole collection side of the active layer, DNA and Pt-DNA sequences lead to an increase in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) by %16 and %30, respectively. Furthermore, we studied the electrical charge characteristics of our DNA layer by using capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements to explain the increase in hole collection which shows that spray coated DNA formed a negative layer which can increase the hole collection in the cathode side. In the second approach, device cost is tried to reduce by replacing the most expansive material, indium thin oxide (ITO) thin films, with graphene thin films. Large area graphene films were grown with chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. It is observed that, its pristine form, the electrical and surface properties of these films are not sufficient enough for the organic photovoltaic applications. These properties are enhanced with a surface treatment of Argon (Ar) plasma and nitric acid bath. The results of these treatments show that the surface becomes hydrophilic and surface resistance can be decreased by %25. Then, it is demonstrated that the PCE of the graphene based solar cells can be reached up to one tenth of the ITO based devices. The research conducted in this dissertation offers promising potential of bulk heterojunction organic solar cells as a clean and affordable source of energy source in the near future.
Author: Wallace C.H. Choy
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9781447158752
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Organic solar cells have emerged as new promising photovoltaic devices due to their potential applications in large area, printable and flexible solar panels. Organic Solar Cells: Materials and Device Physics offers an updated review on the topics covering the synthesis, properties and applications of new materials for various critical roles in devices from electrodes, interface and carrier transport materials, to the active layer composed of donors and acceptors. Addressing the important device physics issues of carrier and exciton dynamics and interface stability and novel light trapping structures, the potential for hybrid organic solar cells to provide high efficiency solar cells is examined and discussed in detail. Specific chapters covers key areas including: Latest research and designs for highly effective polymer donors/acceptors and interface materials Synthesis and application of highly transparent and conductive graphene Exciton and charge dynamics for in-depth understanding of the mechanism underlying organic solar cells. New potentials and emerging functionalities of plasmonic effects in OSCs Interface Degradation Mechanisms in organic photovoltaics improving the entire device lifetime Device architecture and operation mechanism of organic/ inorganic hybrid solar cells for next generation of high performance photovoltaics This reference can be practically and theoretically applied by senior undergraduates, postgraduates, engineers, scientists, researchers, and project managers with some fundamental knowledge in organic and inorganic semiconductor materials or devices.
Author: Aparna Thankappan
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128129166
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 521
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Book Description
Perovskite Photovoltaics: Basic to Advanced Concepts and Implementation examines the emergence of perovskite photovoltaics, associated challenges and opportunities, and how to achieve broader development. Consolidating developments in perovskite photovoltaics, including recent progress solar cells, this text also highlights advances and the research necessary for sustaining energy. Addressing different photovoltaics fields with tailored content for what makes perovskite solar cells suitable, and including commercialization examples of large-scale perovskite solar technology. The book also contains a detailed analysis of the implementation and economic viability of perovskite solar cells, highlighting what photovoltaic devices need to be generated by low cost, non-toxic, earth abundant materials using environmentally scalable processes. This book is a valuable resource engineers, scientists and researchers, and all those who wish to broaden their knowledge on flexible perovskite solar cells. - Includes contributions by leading solar cell academics, industrialists, researchers and institutions across the globe - Addresses different photovoltaics fields with tailored content for what makes perovskite solar cells different - Provides commercialization examples of large-scale perovskite solar technology, giving users detailed analysis on the implementation, technical challenges and economic viability of perovskite solar cells
Author: Wilfried G. J. H. M. van Sark
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642222757
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 588
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Book Description
Today’s solar cell multi-GW market is dominated by crystalline silicon (c-Si) wafer technology, however new cell concepts are entering the market. One very promising solar cell design to answer these needs is the silicon hetero-junction solar cell, of which the emitter and back surface field are basically produced by a low temperature growth of ultra-thin layers of amorphous silicon. In this design, amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) constitutes both „emitter“ and „base-contact/back surface field“ on both sides of a thin crystalline silicon wafer-base (c-Si) where the electrons and holes are photogenerated; at the same time, a-Si:H passivates the c-Si surface. Recently, cell efficiencies above 23% have been demonstrated for such solar cells. In this book, the editors present an overview of the state-of-the-art in physics and technology of amorphous-crystalline heterostructure silicon solar cells. The heterojunction concept is introduced, processes and resulting properties of the materials used in the cell and their heterointerfaces are discussed and characterization techniques and simulation tools are presented.
