Exploring Lorentz Invariance Violation and "new Physics" with Astrophysical Phenomena PDF Download
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Author: Uri Jacob
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Astrophysics
Languages : en
Pages : 132
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Book Description
Author: Uri Jacob
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Astrophysics
Languages : en
Pages : 132
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Book Description
Author: Samuel Stephens Marinelli
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781392118092
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 144
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Book Description
Lorentz invariance is one of the fundamental symmetries assumed by the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. However, many extensions to the SM allow or predict Lorentz-invariance violation (LIV), in which this symmetry is either spontaneously broken or is only approximately valid at low energies. Under models in which LIV occurs in the photon sector, photon decay to electron/positron pair becomes allowed at sufficiently high energies. Astrophysical gamma (gamma) rays propagate over sufficient distances before reaching Earth that very nearly all of them should decay above the energy at which the decay becomes allowed. The detection of high-energy photons can therefore be used to constrain such models. The High-Altitude Water-Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory is a gamma-ray telescope located on the Sierra Negra volcano in the state of Puebla, Mexico. The detector consists of 300 water-filled tanks instrumented with four photomultiplier tubes each, which detect the Cherenkov light produced by charged particles in extensive air showers initiated by TeV cosmic ? rays. This thesis presents an analysis of high-energy emission from several HAWC gamma-ray sources and sets new constraints on LIV-induced photon decay. This is done using a new algorithm for estimating the energies of ? rays detected by HAWC, utilizing a neural network (NN) trained on Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of the detector. The NN uses a multilayer perceptron architecture and maps several geometric features of the air shower to an estimate of the primary photon's energy. HAWC's high-energy sensitivity combined with its improved energy resolution using the NN allows an LIV-induced cutoff in gamma-ray spectra below 209 TeV to be ruled out with 95% confidence. This corresponds to limits on the quantum-gravity energy scale of 8.74 x 1030 or 4.27 x 1022 eV for LIV perturbing the photon dispersion relation at first or second order respectively. These limits constitute a new best constraint on photon-sector LIV.
Author: Roberto Peron
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319202243
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 490
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Book Description
This book presents an overview of the current understanding of gravitation, with a focus on the current efforts to test its theory, especially general relativity. It shows how the quest for a deeper theory, which would possibly incorporate gravity in the quantum realm, is more than ever an open field. The majority of the contributions deals with the manifold facets of “experimental gravitation”, but the book goes beyond this and covers a broad range of subjects from the foundations of gravitational theories to astrophysics and cosmology. The book is divided into three parts. The first part deals with foundations and Solar System tests. An introductory pedagogical chapter reviews first Newtonian gravitational theory, special relativity, the equivalence principle and the basics of general relativity. Then it focuses on approximation methods, mainly the post-Newtonian formalism and the relaxed Einstein equations, with a discussion on how they are used in treating experimental tests and in the problem of generation and detection of gravitational waves. Following this is a set of chapters describing the most recent experiments, techniques and observations on the testing of gravity theories in the laboratory, around the Earth and in the Solar System. The second part is dedicated to astrophysical topics deeply linked with the study of gravitation, namely binary pulsars and the perspective of direct detection of gravitational waves. These cases are paradigmatic in that the gravitational signals act at the same time as messengers helping us to understand the properties of important and wide classes of astrophysical objects. The third part explores the many open issues in current knowledge of gravitation machinery, especially related to astrophysical and cosmological problems and the way possible solutions to them impact the quest for a quantum theory of gravitation and unified theory. Included is a selection of the many possible paths, giving a hint to the subtleties one is called upon. Whenever possible, a close link to observational constraints and possible experimental tests is provided. In selecting the topics of the various contributions, particular care has been devoted to ensure their fit in a coherent representation of our understanding of gravitational phenomena. The book is aimed at graduate level students and will form a valuable reference for those working in the field.
Author: V. Alan Kosteleck?
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9789810248345
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 376
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Book Description
Printbegrænsninger: Der kan printes 10 sider ad gangen og max. 40 sider pr. session.
Author: Giovanni Amelino-Camelia
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783540252634
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 434
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Book Description
This volume is composed of extensive and detailed notes from the lectures given at the 40th Karpacz Winter School. This school focussed on quantum gravity phenomenology with emphasis on its relation to observational astrophysics and cosmology. These notes have been carefully edited with the aim to give advanced students and young researchers a balanced and accessible introduction to a rather heavily mathematical subject.
Author: The Cta Consortium
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9813270101
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 365
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Book Description
This book summarizes the science to be carried out by the upcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array, a major ground-based gamma-ray observatory that will be constructed over the next six to eight years. The major scientific themes, as well as core program of key science projects, have been developed by the CTA Consortium, a collaboration of scientists from many institutions worldwide.CTA will be the major facility in high-energy and very high-energy photon astronomy over the next decade and beyond. CTA will have capabilities well beyond past and present observatories. Thus, CTA's science program is expected to be rich and broad and will complement other major multiwavelength and multimessenger facilities. This book is intended to be the primary resource for the science case for CTA and it thus will be of great interest to the broader physics and astronomy communities. The electronic version (e-book) is available in open access.
Author: Carlos Perez De Los Heros
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9813275030
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 433
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Book Description
This book introduces the reader to how fundamental topics in particle physics can be studied with the largest neutrino telescopes currently in operation. Due to their large size, reaching cubic-kilometer volumes, and their wide energy response, these unusual detectors can provide insight on neutrino oscillations, dark matter searches or searches for exotic particles, new neutrino interactions or extra dimensions, among many other topics.Lacking a man-made neutrino 'beam', neutrino telescopes use the copious flux of neutrinos continuously produced by cosmic rays interacting in the Earth's atmosphere, as well as neutrinos from astrophysical origin. They have therefore access to neutrinos of higher energies and much longer baselines than those produced in present accelerators, being able to search for new physics at complementary scales than currently available in particle physics laboratories around the world.Written by carefully chosen experts in the field, the book introduces each topic in a pedagogical way apt not only to professionals, but also to students or the interested reader with a background in physics.
Author: Cosimo Bambi
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811969604
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 5912
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Book Description
Author: Ralf Lehnert
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9811275394
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 283
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Book Description
This book contains the Proceedings of the Ninth Meeting on CPT and Lorentz Symmetry, held at Indiana University in Bloomington May 17-26, 2022. The Meeting focused on tests of these fundamental symmetries and on related theoretical issues, including scenarios for possible violations. Experimental topics covered at the meeting include astrophysical observations of neutrinos, photons, cosmic rays, pulsars, and gravitational waves; investigations at accelerators and storage rings involving neutral mesons, muons, quarks, and flavor-changing processes; gravity tests in the laboratory and in the solar system; spectroscopic studies of ions, atoms, molecules, and exotic atoms; measurements involving spin motion; comparative tests between matter and antimatter; lasers and masers; measurements involving neutrons; investigations with cavities, oscillators, and resonators; neutrino oscillations, propagation, and endpoint measurements.Theoretical and phenomenological topics discussed involved the identification of signatures for CPT and Lorentz violation in particle physics, electromagnetism, and gravity; mechanisms and toy models for spacetime-symmetry breakdown; studies in field theory, gravitation, and particle physics; and condensed-matter applications.
Author: George B. Rybicki
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 352761818X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 402
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Book Description
Radiative Processes in Astrophysics: This clear, straightforward, and fundamental introduction is designed to present-from a physicist's point of view-radiation processes and their applications to astrophysical phenomena and space science. It covers such topics as radiative transfer theory, relativistic covariance and kinematics, bremsstrahlung radiation, synchrotron radiation, Compton scattering, some plasma effects, and radiative transitions in atoms. Discussion begins with first principles, physically motivating and deriving all results rather than merely presenting finished formulae. However, a reasonably good physics background (introductory quantum mechanics, intermediate electromagnetic theory, special relativity, and some statistical mechanics) is required. Much of this prerequisite material is provided by brief reviews, making the book a self-contained reference for workers in the field as well as the ideal text for senior or first-year graduate students of astronomy, astrophysics, and related physics courses. Radiative Processes in Astrophysics also contains about 75 problems, with solutions, illustrating applications of the material and methods for calculating results. This important and integral section emphasizes physical intuition by presenting important results that are used throughout the main text; it is here that most of the practical astrophysical applications become apparent.
