Author: Camille Desroziers
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages :
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Book Description
Les troubles du spectre autistique (TSA) sont caractérisés, en partie, par un déficit des interactions sociales. Afin d'aider les personnes porteuses de TSA à améliorer leurs compétences sociales, un entraînement en contexte de groupe peut-être proposé, particulièrement par des orthophonistes. Les études au sujet des séances de groupe d'entraînement concernent généralement des patients adolescents voire adultes, et/ou ne présentant pas de déficience intellectuelle, et rapportent l'utilisation de techniques thérapeutiques d'enseignement théorique et explicite des habiletés sociales. De plus, ces séances sont souvent mises en place au sein d'institutions, et peu de professionnels libéraux ont partagé leurs observations concernant la prise en charge groupale d'enfants porteurs de TSA. Nous avons ainsi décidé de diffuser notre expérience d'un entraînement aux interactions sociales en groupe avec quatre enfants porteurs de TSA dans le cadre d'un exercice orthophonique libéral et suivant les principes de l'analyse appliquée du comportement (ABA). Après avoir décrit les fonctions exercées et les supports utilisés en séances, nous proposons une analyse de la progression des enfants en situation d'interactions sociales à partir des observations cliniques réalisées au fil de la prise en charge et d'un retour des parents en fin de programme. Ces résultats révèlent une amélioration des comportements interactifs des enfants au fil des séances. Toutefois, ces améliorations varient selon chaque enfant, selon les domaines exercés et selon les supports et situations proposés. Les observations parentales nous révèlent également une amélioration de ces compétences dans la vie quotidienne, bien qu'elles varient là encore selon les enfants, selon les fonctions, selon les situations et selon les interlocuteurs. Nous discutons enfin la méthodologie utilisée, mais aussi les résultats obtenus en lien avec les données de la littérature, et les perspectives offertes par notre travail.
Author: Marion Blanchard
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 8
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Book Description
Le jeu occupe une place de premier plan dans la vie et le développement du jeune enfant. Ces dernières années les chercheurs, les professionnels de santé et de l'éducation s'intéressent de plus en plus aux thérapies ciblant les compétences de jeu des enfants porteurs de Troubles du Spectre Autistique (TSA). Le video modeling est l'une des méthodes qui a su prouver son efficacité pour enseigner des compétences aussi variées que les routines quotidiennes, les compétences sociales ou encore le jeu. Cette étude évalue la pertinence du video modeling pour enseigner les compétences de jeu en autonomie aux enfants porteurs de TSA. Pour ce faire, un entraînement a été proposé à un enfant de 7 avec un TSA, présentant une importante dissociation entre son âge et son niveau de jeu. Durant l'entraînement, l'enfant devait visionner une scène de jeu avec des Playmobils® puis reproduire la scène. Une grille d'évaluation originale permet l'évaluation des compétences de jeu en conditions pré et post-test. Le matériel vidéo et le support de jeu Playmobils® ont été reçu positivement par l'enfant. Malgré une faible proportion de scénarios réinvestis spontanément avec le support de jeu initial, la majorité a été gardée en mémoire. Par ailleurs, quelques scénarios ont été rejoués spontanément avec d'autres jouets que les Playmobils®. Les résultats présentés encouragent un approfondissement en élargissant l'échantillon, en révisant le protocole pour un meilleur taux de généralisation, ainsi qu'en incluant des grilles d'observations parentales.
Author: Scott A. Miller
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1136334580
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 258
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Book Description
This is the first book to provide a comprehensive review of the burgeoning literature on theory of mind (TOM) after the preschool years and the first to integrate this literature with other approaches to the study of social understanding. By highlighting the relationship between early and later developments, the book provides readers with a greater understanding of what we know and what we still need to know about higher-order TOM. Although the focus is on development in typical populations, development in individuals with autism and in older adults is also explored to give readers a deeper understanding of possible problems in development. Examining the later developments of TOM gives readers a greater understanding of: Developments that occur after the age of 5. Individual differences in rate of development and atypical development and the effects of those differences. The differences in rate of mastery which become more marked, and therefore more informative, with increased age. What it means to have a “good theory of mind.” The differences between first- and second- order theory of mind development in preschoolers, older children, adolescents, and adults. The range of beliefs available to children at various ages, providing a fuller picture of what is meant by “understanding of belief.” After the introduction, the literature on first-order developments during the preschool period is summarized to serve as a backdrop for understanding more advanced developments. Chapter 3 is devoted to the second-order false belief task. Chapters 4 and 5 introduce a variety of other measures for understanding higher-level forms of TOM thereby providing readers with greater insight into other cognitive and social developmental outcomes. Chapter 6 discusses the relation between children’s TOM abilities and other aspects of their development. Chapters 7 and 8 place the work in a historical context. First, the research on the development of social and mental worlds that predated the emergence of TOM is examined. Chapter 8 then provides a comparative treatment of the two literatures and how they complement one another. Ideal as a supplement in graduate or advanced undergraduate courses in theory of mind, cognitive development, or social development taught in psychology and education. Veteran researchers will also appreciate this book‘s unique synthesis of this critical research.
Author: Betty Repacholi
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1135432333
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 444
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Book Description
Over the last fifteen years, developmentalists, cognitive scientists, philosophers, educators and clinicians have considered the acquisition of a theory of mind - the capacity to predict and explain behavior on the basis of internal, subjective mental states - to be one of the crucial cognitive achievements of early childhood. This volume represents the first collection of work to address, empirically and conceptually, the topic of individual differences in theory of mind. It is also unique because it takes the reader beyond the preschool years, to explore theory of mind development in late childhood and adulthood.
Author: William Damon
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470050543
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 1072
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Book Description
Part of the authoritative four-volume reference that spans the entire field of child development and has set the standard against which all other scholarly references are compared. Updated and revised to reflect the new developments in the field, the Handbook of Child Psychology, Sixth Edition contains new chapters on such topics as spirituality, social understanding, and non-verbal communication. Volume 2: Cognition, Perception, and Language, edited by Deanna Kuhn, Columbia University, and Robert S. Siegler, Carnegie Mellon University, covers mechanisms of cognitive and perceptual development in language acquisition. It includes new chapters devoted to neural bases of cognition, motor development, grammar and langauge rules, information processing, and problem solving skills.
Author: Sandrine Zufferey
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107125650
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 265
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Book Description
Offers an accessible and thorough introduction to implicatures in pragmatics, and its interfaces with language and cognition.
Author: Bernard Knox
Publisher: Yale University Press
ISBN: 9780300074239
Category : Literary Criticism
Languages : en
Pages : 304
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Book Description
Examines the way in which Sophocles' play "Oedipus Tyrannus" and its hero, Oedipus, King of Thebes, were probably received in their own time and place, and relates this to twentieth-century receptions and interpretations, including those of Sigmund Freud.
Author: May Friedman
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 0429017634
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 264
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Book Description
Thickening Fat: Fat Bodies, Intersectionality, and Social Justice seeks to explore the multiple, variable, and embodied experiences of fat oppression and fat activisms. Moving beyond an analysis of fat oppression as singular, this book will aim to unpack the volatility of fat—the mutability of fat embodiments as they correlate with other embodied subjectivities, and the threshold where fat begins to be reviled, celebrated, or amended. In addition, Thickening Fat explores the full range of intersectional and liminal analyses that push beyond the simple addition of two or more subjectivities, looking instead at the complex alchemy of layered and unstable markers of difference and privilege. Cognizant that the concept of intersectionality has been filled out in a plurality of ways, Thickening Fat poses critical questions around how to render analysis of fatness intersectional and to thicken up intersectionality, where intersectionality is attenuated to the shifting and composite and material dimensions to identity, rather than reduced to an “add difference and stir” approach. The chapters in this collection ask what happens when we operationalize intersectionality in fat scholarship and politics, and we position difference at the centre and start of inquiry.
Author: Claude Combes
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 022677872X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 298
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Book Description
Parasites are a masterful work of evolutionary art. The tiny mite Histiostoma laboratorium, a parasite of Drosophila, launches itself, in an incredible display of evolutionary engineering, like a surface-to-air missile at a fruit fly far above its head. Gravid mussels such as Lampsilis ventricosa undulate excitedly as they release their parasitic larval offspring, conning greedy predators in search of a tasty meal into hosting the parasite. The Art of Being a Parasite is an extensive collection of these and other wonderful and weird stories that illuminate the ecology and evolution of interactions between species. Claude Combes illustrates what it means to be a parasite by considering every stage of its interactions, from invading to reproducing and leaving the host. An accessible and engaging follow-up to Combes's Parasitism, this book will be of interest to both scholars and nonspecialists in the fields of biodiversity, natural history, ecology, public health, and evolution.
Author: Janice Bland
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 1350034274
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 327
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Book Description
Covering Green's The Fault in Our Stars, Collins' The Hunger Games, Selznick's The Invention of Hugo Cabret, Rowling's Wizarding World, Staake's Bluebird and Winton's Lockie Leonard, contributors consider how literature can be used for teaching literary literacy, creative writing, intercultural learning, critical pedagogy and deep reading in school settings where English is the teaching medium. Leading scholars from around the world explore pedagogical principles for English Language Teaching (ELT) widening children's and teenagers' literacy competences as well as their horizons through insightful engagement with texts. From challenging picturebooks for primary and secondary students, to graphic novels, to story apps, film and drama, as well as speculative fiction on provocative topics, recent research on literature education in ELT settings combines with cognitive criticism in the field of children's, young adult and adult literature.
