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Author: Veli-Pekka Parkkinen
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319946102
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 125
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Book Description
This book is open access under a CC BY license. This book is the first to develop explicit methods for evaluating evidence of mechanisms in the field of medicine. It explains why it can be important to make this evidence explicit, and describes how to take such evidence into account in the evidence appraisal process. In addition, it develops procedures for seeking evidence of mechanisms, for evaluating evidence of mechanisms, and for combining this evaluation with evidence of association in order to yield an overall assessment of effectiveness. Evidence-based medicine seeks to achieve improved health outcomes by making evidence explicit and by developing explicit methods for evaluating it. To date, evidence-based medicine has largely focused on evidence of association produced by clinical studies. As such, it has tended to overlook evidence of pathophysiological mechanisms and evidence of the mechanisms of action of interventions. The book offers a useful guide for all those whose work involves evaluating evidence in the health sciences, including those who need to determine the effectiveness of health interventions and those who need to ascertain the effects of environmental exposures.
Author: Veli-Pekka Parkkinen
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319946102
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 125
Get Book
Book Description
This book is open access under a CC BY license. This book is the first to develop explicit methods for evaluating evidence of mechanisms in the field of medicine. It explains why it can be important to make this evidence explicit, and describes how to take such evidence into account in the evidence appraisal process. In addition, it develops procedures for seeking evidence of mechanisms, for evaluating evidence of mechanisms, and for combining this evaluation with evidence of association in order to yield an overall assessment of effectiveness. Evidence-based medicine seeks to achieve improved health outcomes by making evidence explicit and by developing explicit methods for evaluating it. To date, evidence-based medicine has largely focused on evidence of association produced by clinical studies. As such, it has tended to overlook evidence of pathophysiological mechanisms and evidence of the mechanisms of action of interventions. The book offers a useful guide for all those whose work involves evaluating evidence in the health sciences, including those who need to determine the effectiveness of health interventions and those who need to ascertain the effects of environmental exposures.
Author: George Akita
Publisher: University of Hawaii Press
ISBN: 0824825608
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 290
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Book Description
Evaluating Evidence is based on the grueling lessons learned by a senior scholar during three decades of tutoring by, and collaboration with, Japanese historians. George Akita persisted in the difficult task of reading documentary sources in Japanese, most written in calligraphic style (sôsho), out of the conviction of their centrality to the historian’s craft and his commitment to a positivist methodology to research and scholarship. He argues forcefully in this volume for an inductive process in which the scholar seeks out facts on a subject and, through observation and examination of an extensive body of data, is able to discern patterns until it is possible to formulate certain propositions. In his introduction, Akita relates how and why he decided to adopt a positivist approach and explains what he means by the term as it applies to humanistic studies. He enumerates the difficulties linked with reading primary sources in Japanese by looking at a variety of unpublished and published materials and identifying a major problem in reading published primary sources: the intervention of editors and compilers. He illustrates the pitfalls of such intervention by comparing the recently published seventeen-volume diary of Prime Minister Hara Takashi (1856–1921), a photo reproduction of the diary in Hara’s own hand, and an earlier published version. Using documents related to Yamagata Aritomo (1838–1922), a figure of central importance in Japan’s post-Restoration political history, he demonstrates the use of published and transcribed primary sources to sustain, question, or strengthen some of the themes and approaches adopted by non-Japanese scholars working on modern Japanese history. He ends his inquiry with two "case studies," examining closely the methods of the highly acclaimed American historians John W. Dower and Herbert P. Bix.
Author: Denise E. Bronson
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0195337360
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 110
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Book Description
"This pocket guide provides a concise overview of how to complete a systematic review, and criteria that should be used for assessing the quality of existing reviews. It examines evidence-based practice, systematic reviews, and meta-analysis."--WorldCat.
Author: Cathy Willermet
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108476848
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 231
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Book Description
A critical assessment of how evidence in biological anthropology is discovered, collected and interpreted.
Author: Erica Beecher-Monas
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521676557
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
This book examines scientific evidence in both civil and criminal contexts.
Author: Barry Spivack
Publisher: John Hunt Publishing
ISBN: 1789042593
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 224
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Book Description
It’s widely accepted that Transcendental Meditation (TM) can create peace for the individual, but can it create peace in society as a whole? And if it can, what could possibly be the mechanism? In An Antidote to Violence Barry Spivack and Patricia Saunders examine the peer-reviewed research and suggest that TM can influence the collective consciousness of a society which leads to a decrease in negative social trends, such as a decline in war fatalities, and to an increase in cooperation between nations. Weaving together psychology, sociology, philosophy, statistics, politics, physics and meditation, An Antidote to Violence provides evidence that we have the knowledge to reduce all kinds of violence in society.
Author: Bernard Robertson
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118492455
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 216
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Book Description
This book explains the correct logical approach to analysis of forensic scientific evidence. The focus is on general methods of analysis applicable to all forms of evidence. It starts by explaining the general principles and then applies them to issues in DNA and other important forms of scientific evidence as examples. Like the first edition, the book analyses real legal cases and judgments rather than hypothetical examples and shows how the problems perceived in those cases would have been solved by a correct logical approach. The book is written to be understood both by forensic scientists preparing their evidence and by lawyers and judges who have to deal with it. The analysis is tied back both to basic scientific principles and to the principles of the law of evidence. This book will also be essential reading for law students taking evidence or forensic science papers and science students studying the application of their scientific specialisation to forensic questions.
Author: Jacqueline Fawcett
Publisher: F.A. Davis
ISBN: 0803622287
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 337
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Book Description
Where is the evidence in a nursing research study? What is the evidence? How good is the evidence? And, how is it relevant to providing evidence-based nursing care? Ensure that students can meet the AACN’s (American Association of Colleges of Nursing) goal of identifying valid research findings and using them to determine if they are providing care that is supported by evidence.
Author: George Akita
Publisher: University of Hawaii Press
ISBN: 0824862422
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 290
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Book Description
Evaluating Evidence is based on the grueling lessons learned by a senior scholar during three decades of tutoring by, and collaboration with, Japanese historians. George Akita persisted in the difficult task of reading documentary sources in Japanese, most written in calligraphic style (sôsho), out of the conviction of their centrality to the historian’s craft and his commitment to a positivist methodology to research and scholarship. He argues forcefully in this volume for an inductive process in which the scholar seeks out facts on a subject and, through observation and examination of an extensive body of data, is able to discern patterns until it is possible to formulate certain propositions. In his introduction, Akita relates how and why he decided to adopt a positivist approach and explains what he means by the term as it applies to humanistic studies. He enumerates the difficulties linked with reading primary sources in Japanese by looking at a variety of unpublished and published materials and identifying a major problem in reading published primary sources: the intervention of editors and compilers. He illustrates the pitfalls of such intervention by comparing the recently published seventeen-volume diary of Prime Minister Hara Takashi (1856–1921), a photo reproduction of the diary in Hara’s own hand, and an earlier published version. Using documents related to Yamagata Aritomo (1838–1922), a figure of central importance in Japan’s post-Restoration political history, he demonstrates the use of published and transcribed primary sources to sustain, question, or strengthen some of the themes and approaches adopted by non-Japanese scholars working on modern Japanese history. He ends his inquiry with two "case studies," examining closely the methods of the highly acclaimed American historians John W. Dower and Herbert P. Bix.
Author: Debra Bick
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118702336
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 224
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Book Description
The Evidence-Based Nursing Series is co-published with SigmaTheta Tau International (STTI). The series focuses on implementingevidence-based practice in nursing and midwifery and mirrors theremit of Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing, encompassingclinical practice, administration, research and publicpolicy. Evaluating the Impact of Implementing Evidence-BasedPractice considers the importance of approaches to evaluate theimplementation of evidence-based practice. Outcomes of evidence-based practice can be wide ranging andsometimes unexpected. It is therefore important to evaluatethe success of any implementation in terms of clinical outcomes,influence on health status, service users and health policy andlong-term sustainability, as well as economic impacts. This, the third and final book in the series, looks at how best toidentify, evaluate and assess the outcomes of implementation ,reflecting a wide range of issues to consider and addresswhen planning and measuring outcomes. An informative, practical resource for an internationalreadership Providing critical evaluation of models and approaches tomeasuring outcomes Explores the importance of measuring successfulimplementation Examines outcomes in terms of long-term sustainability Addresses economic impacts and influence on healthpolicy Provides practice-based examples Written by a team of internationally respected authors
