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Author: International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 89
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Book Description
Estonia has made remarkable progress over the past two decades, achieving steady convergence towards more advanced EU economies. However, signs of erosion in external performance have emerged in recent years, reflecting rapid growth in unit labor cost and real exchange rate appreciation. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine triggered a large rise in inflation, supply chain disruptions and slower growth in key trading partners in the Baltic region. In Estonia, these developments, combined with fiscal tightening in 2022, have led to a sharp economic downturn, while deceleration in productivity has exacerbated competitiveness erosion.
Author: International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 89
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Book Description
Estonia has made remarkable progress over the past two decades, achieving steady convergence towards more advanced EU economies. However, signs of erosion in external performance have emerged in recent years, reflecting rapid growth in unit labor cost and real exchange rate appreciation. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine triggered a large rise in inflation, supply chain disruptions and slower growth in key trading partners in the Baltic region. In Estonia, these developments, combined with fiscal tightening in 2022, have led to a sharp economic downturn, while deceleration in productivity has exacerbated competitiveness erosion.
Author: Ants Viires
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Woodwork
Languages : en
Pages : 360
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Book Description
Author: International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 72
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Book Description
Russia’s war on Ukraine triggered supply side disruptions, shifting up price and cost levels compared to the euro area average and hurting competitiveness. These developments added to longer-standing problems. Estonia’s export market share has stalled since soon after the GFC as productivity growth fell and the country’s previous competitive edge slowly eroded.
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264678190
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 128
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Book Description
Estonian living standards have doubled since 2000 and income convergence was steady prior to the pandemic, although per capita GDP and productivity remain below the OECD averages. The economy experienced a severe downturn due to disruptions in trade, weaker export demand, high inflation and tight monetary conditions. With improvements in external demand, growth should start to recover this year.
Author: Scott Cortes
Publisher: Independently Published
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Embark on an enchanting journey through the mystical lands of Estonia with the comprehensive "Travel Guide to Estonia 2023: Discover the Hidden Gems - Unveiling Estonia's Best-Kept Secrets." This meticulously crafted guidebook is your ultimate companion to unlocking the secrets of one of Europe's most captivating destinations. Step into a world where ancient folklore and modern innovation seamlessly blend together, where untouched natural beauty meets bustling urban landscapes. As you flip through the pages of this immersive travel guide, prepare to be transported to a land of diverse landscapes, rich history, and vibrant culture. Unveiling Estonia's Best-Kept Secrets takes you beyond the well-trodden tourist paths, providing you with insider tips and off-the-beaten-track recommendations that only the most intrepid explorers have experienced. Delve into the lesser-known corners of Estonia, from hidden medieval towns tucked away in picturesque valleys to breathtaking coastal stretches adorned with pristine beaches. Allow the guidebook to lead you to hidden gems such as the ethereal Lahemaa National Park, where dense forests, serene lakes, and majestic waterfalls await your discovery. Explore the charming streets of Tartu, Estonia's intellectual hub, where centuries-old traditions mingle with youthful energy. Wander through the enchanting alleyways of Tallinn's Old Town, a UNESCO World Heritage site, and lose yourself in its medieval charm. But this guidebook isn't just about showcasing Estonia's remarkable landscapes and architectural marvels; it's also a gateway to understanding the soul of this extraordinary nation. Immerse yourself in the captivating stories of Estonia's history, from its struggles for independence to its resilient spirit in the face of adversity. Engage with the warm and welcoming locals, and embrace the vibrant festivals and traditions that have shaped the Estonian identity. With practical advice on transportation, accommodation, dining, and activities, this guide equips you with all the tools necessary to embark on a seamless and unforgettable journey. Whether you're a nature lover, history enthusiast, or simply seeking a unique cultural experience, "Travel Guide to Estonia 2023: Discover the Hidden Gems - Unveiling Estonia's Best-Kept Secrets" is your key to unlocking the true essence of this remarkable Baltic gem. Prepare to lose yourself in the untamed beauty and rich heritage of Estonia. Let this guidebook be your compass as you uncover the hidden treasures that await you in this mesmerizing land. Your adventure starts here.
Author: Katherine Foster
Publisher: Independently Published
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
"Estonia 2023: An Ultimate Guide to Top Attractions and Must-See Places" is your essential travel companion for exploring the hidden gems of Estonia. Discover the vibrant culture, fascinating history, and breathtaking scenery of this beautiful country with insider tips and recommendations for the best sights, activities, and local cuisine. Whether you're a first-time visitor or a seasoned traveler, this guidebook has everything you need to plan an unforgettable trip to Estonia in 2023 and beyond. Don't miss out on this unique and unforgettable travel experience!
Author: Neil Taylor
Publisher: Hurst & Company
ISBN: 1787383377
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 274
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Book Description
As Russia rattles its sabres in the Baltic, Neil Taylor reconsiders the history of Estonia and its struggle to achieve statehood.
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264938796
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 93
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Book Description
This report provides the main components of existing circular economy initiatives promoted in Estonia and in the city of Tallinn, key challenges and policy recommendations to help the city develop its long-term vision on the circular economy, setting targets for the future.
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264579648
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 261
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Book Description
This report addresses the latest trends in cancer incidence and mortality in the EU and reviews key cancer risk factors, cancer screening programmes and early diagnoses, and issues in the provision of high-quality cancer care.
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264682570
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 134
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Book Description
After a robust recovery from the COVID-19 crisis, Colombia's economic growth is returning to a low potential. Medium-term growth prospects depend on maintaining Colombia's strong macroeconomic framework and enacting reforms to create a business-friendly environment which can attract high levels of investment. Implementing fiscal consolidation and adhering to fiscal rules would prevent rising financing costs and safeguard debt sustainability. Reforms to raise tax revenues and improve spending efficiency are needed to create fiscal space for social and productive investment needs. Enhancing the investment climate requires reducing regulatory uncertainties and tackling corruption. Creating connected transport infrastructure, strengthening subnational government capacities and improving equalisation mechanisms in the fiscal transfer system would foster balanced development across the country. Addressing informality, gender gaps, and improving education quality would boost productivity and reduce social disparities. Investing in climate adaptation, renewable energy, and establishing stable regulatory frameworks are key for a climate-resilient economy and achieving carbon neutrality by 2050. SPECIAL FEATURES: RAISING PRODUCTIVITY; REDUCING LABOUR INFORMALITY; REGIONAL CONVERGENCE
