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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789403411262
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 179
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789403411262
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 179
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Calvin Thrall
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
A long-underappreciated fact in the field of international political economy is that, while states are the actors who create international political institutions, it is often nonstate actors—particularly firms—who are most directly affected by them. As firms' operations have become increasingly global over the course of the last five decades, international institutions such as economic treaties have become increasingly important for firms' bottom lines. Theorizing from the corporate perspective, this project details three strategies by which firms influence and engage with international institutions: first, by lobbying for the creation of favorable institutions; second, by shifting their legal forms in order to gain access to new institutions; and third, by cooperating with international institutions to govern their own operations (when it is profitable to do so). In the first essay, I study the role of multinational firms in the development of international institutions. Over the course of the 20th century, states have developed large networks of bilateral or small-group economic treaties in several issue areas. These treaties, which are important tools of foreign economic policy, redistribute the gains and losses of globalization. Why do states sign treaties with some partners and not others? Motivated by the observation that the same pairs of states tend to sign multiple treaties within a short time period, I develop a theory of treaty regime coevolution that centers corporate demand for treaties. Firms expand into new foreign markets in search of profit, paying fixed costs to do so. However, once the initial cost is paid, these firms become the primary beneficiaries of any future treaty between home and host states. Incumbent firms therefore have incentive to lobby home state legislators and diplomats in favor of signing treaties with their host states, across several issue areas. Strong private sector demand can lead to the formation of multiple types of treaties between pairs of states, creating firm-driven interdependence across treaty networks. Using quantitative and qualitative data—including novel data from the USSR, declassified diplomatic cables, and elite interviews—I find support for my theory. The results have implications for the decline of multilateralism in foreign policy, and suggest new avenues for studying the effects of treaties. In the second essay, I study a case in which overlap between international institutions generated opportunites for corporate arbitrage. Multinational firms frequently route their foreign investments through intermediate shell companies. Increasingly, firms engage in proxy arbitration, using these shell companies to access other states' bilateral investment treaties and file investor-state disputes against their host states. I argue that proxy arbitration is actually a spillover effect of corporate tax avoidance. Firms invest abroad through intermediate shell companies to access the bilateral tax treaty network, reducing their withholding taxes. Because the tax and investment treaty networks overlap extensively, these "tax-planning" firms often gain investment treaty coverage as a side benefit, enabling them to file proxy arbitration in the event of a dispute. Using novel, fine-grained data on the ownership structures of multinational firms, I find evidence in support of the spillover effects theory. The results suggest that understanding the true effects of global governance institutions requires attention to how firms strategically change their legal forms to access or avoid them. Finally, in the third essay, I ask whether or not firms can cooperate with international institutions in a way that produces normatively positive outcomes. Multinational firms operate in multiple national jurisdictions, making them difficult for any one government to regulate. For this reason much of the regulation of multinational firms is done by the firms themselves, increasingly in conjunction with international organizations by way of public-private governance initiatives. Prior research has claimed that such initiatives are too weak to meaningfully change firms' behavior. Can public-private governance initiatives help firms self-regulate, even if they lack strong monitoring or enforcement mechanisms? I take two steps towards answering this question. First, I introduce a new measure of firms' performance on ESG (environmental, social, and governance) issues: the extent to which the firms issue public responses to claims of misconduct from civil society actors. Second, I argue that public-private governance initiatives allow firms to benefit from the legitimacy of their public partners, lowering the reputational cost of transparent response. Employing novel data on firm responses to human rights allegations from the Business and Human Rights Resource Center, I find that membership in the largest and most prominent initiative, the United Nations Global Compact, significantly increases firms' propensity to respond transparently to stakeholder allegations. These results suggest a limited but important role for public-private initiatives in global governance
Author: R. A. W. Rhodes
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198786107
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 292
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Book Description
Selected Essays, Volume I provides an extensive collection of key articles written by R.A.W. Rhodes on the topics of policy networks and governance.
Author: Morten Ougaard
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136961135
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 325
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Book Description
Over the past two decades, the role of business in global governance has become increasingly topical. Transnational business associations are progressively more visible in international policy debates and in intergovernmental institutions, and there is a heightened attention given to global policy-making in national and international business communities. This text examines and explains the multiple modes of engagement between business and global governance; it presents a variety of theoretical approaches which can be used to analyse them, along with empirical illustrations. Featuring a range of leading US and European scholars, it is divided into three parts that summarize different modes of engagement. Each section is illustrated by two or three studies that represent a distinct theoretical take on the issue with empirical illustrations. The book examines: Business as master and purpose of global governance Business as subject and opponent to global governance Business as partner and facilitator of global governance This book will be of interest to students and scholars of Business Studies, International Relations, International Politics and International Political Economy, as well as for practitioners – in the public and private sector.
Author: Malcolm McIntosh
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351284223
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 250
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Book Description
The theory and practice of corporate citizenship and CSR have many alternative perspectives to the business-as-usual gaze. The essays in this volume encapsulate the essence of these alternative ideas and embrace the idea that progressive ways and means of this century do not lie in mainstream capitalist thinking. These pieces ask critical questions about the way we see the relationship between capitalism, business models and society – a subject not often discussed in non-academic literature. Globalization and Corporate Citizenship: The Alternative Gaze features contributions and new analysis from Klaus M. Leisinger, Chris Laszlo, David Coopperrider, Simon Zadek, Sandra Waddock and others. This title is one of a two-volume set – a collection of seminal and thought-provoking essays, drawn from the Journal of Corporate Citizenship’s archive, accompanied by new analysis and reflection from the original authors. Written by some of the most widely recognized academic and business pioneers and leaders of the corporate responsibility and global sustainability movement, the volumes make essential reference texts for anyone interested in the radically awakening new global political economy.
Author: Sushil Vachani
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1847203159
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 329
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Book Description
This book brings attention to the growing complexity of managing multinational firms in light of the rise to significant power of non-governmental organizations such as Amnesty International and the anti-WTO coalition. It also considers the renewed public doubts about MNE legitimacy as the free-market model comes under greater criticism, especially in emerging markets. The book adds very useful value in illuminating situations in which companies are facing increased impact of pressure groups as well as governments in their international business. The menu of papers really gives the reader some food for thought, and specifically for thinking about how more acceptable governance of MNEs can be pursued in the 21st century. Robert Grosse, The Garvin School of International Management, US In recent years a number of excellent books have been published on the failure of corporate governance. However, nothing compares with Sushil Vachani s Transformations in Global Governance, a gripping account of global corporate governance provided by recognized IB scholars. Subhash C. Jain, University of Connecticut, US An excellent book for scholars, business leaders, and policymakers that makes good on its title Transformations in Global Governance. Sushil Vachani and the book s contributors identify how the governance structures of organizations are being transformed not just shifted or adjusted. NGOs, the WTO, multilateral institutions, multinationals, host governments and many other stakeholders have new roles and rules that are redefining how one governs a successful and socially responsible global enterprise. A must read for those intending to lead their organization's change efforts in our global economy. Stephen A. Stumpf, Villanova University, US and co-editor of Handbook on Responsible Leadership and Governance in Global Business The world of multinational enterprises is changing dramatically. Their complex and dynamic international context presents them with special challenges threatening their survival on one hand, and presenting them with unprecedented opportunities on the other. In this volume, international experts analyze different aspects of the transformations in global governance: ideological variations, trade governance, competition policy and the rise of civil society. They discuss the implications for multinational government relations, multinationals self-governance, relations with NGOs and issues of competitiveness. The book focuses on two forces integral to the process of globalization. The first is the evolution of inter-governmental organizations, such as the World Trade Organization, and various agreements pertaining to trade, environment, labor, competition and investment. The other equally important factor is the rise of non-governmental organizations (NGOs), which have a significant impact on the strategies of multinational enterprises, governments and inter-governmental organizations. The contributors explore these forces in chapters detailing shifts in governance and their implications for multinationals, governments and society in general. This cohesive examination of an under-analyzed area will appeal to students and scholars of international business, and other researchers in management schools, think tanks, management consulting companies, government agencies, inter-governmental organizations, and NGOs.
Author: James P. Muldoon
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 0429975821
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 349
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Book Description
This timely new book focuses on the various dynamics of contemporary multilateralism as it relates to global issues, global governance, and global institutions. Invited authorities, including academics, business people, and members of international groups, contribute original essays on how multilateralism as an institution has been affected by globalization, the rise of civil society and global business, emerging economic and political conditions, and new threats to peace and security in the world. Emphasizing practical applications over theoretical foundations, The New Dynamics of Multilateralism helps students understand how the practice of multilateral diplomacy has been influenced by the changes in the processes and procedures of international organizations and the role of multilateralism in the transformation of the international system of governance and the transition to an emerging new global order.
Author: Doris A. Fuchs
Publisher: Lynne Rienner Publishers
ISBN: 9781588264688
Category : Business and politics
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
"Has the political power of big business, particularly transnational corporations (TNCs), increased in our globalizing world? What, if anything, constrains TNCs? Analyzing the role of business in the global arena, this systematic and theoretically grounded book addresses these questions."--BOOK JACKET.
Author: Tony Porter
Publisher: SUNY Press
ISBN: 1438431589
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 339
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Book Description
Business is being globalized with an immense speed, but are democratic practices and decision-making structures keeping pace? Contrary to those who see democracy as irrelevant or impossible at the global level, The Challenges of Global Business Authority analyzes three dimensions of democracy- participation, accountability, and transparency-in many transnational mechanisms that seek to align global business interests with the public interest. Looking beyond these mechanisms, this volume seeks to explore the fundamental issues affecting the relationship between democracy and global business authority, such as the structural power of business itself, and the contestations over the boundary between public and private. The essays in this volume provide concrete ways that business can be made more publicly accountable to allow democratic practices to take on a more permanent role in the global business world.
Author: Jun Wu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Commercial policy
Languages : en
Pages : 192
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Book Description
