Author: Jianan Liu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Author: Christian Funke
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3834998141
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 123

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Christian Funke aims at developing a better understanding of a central asset pricing issue: the stock price discovery process in capital markets. Using U.S. capital market data, he investigates the importance of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) for stock prices and examines economic links between customer and supplier firms. The empirical investigations document return predictability and show that capital markets are not perfectly efficient.

Author: Weike Xu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Institutional investors
Languages : en
Pages : 93

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This dissertation includes two essays. The first essay examines how changes in ownership breadth affect the profitability of 21 anomaly-based strategies. I find that the profitability of these strategies is weaker following a growth in ownership breadth in the prior quarter. The return pattern is primarily attributed to the insignificant returns in the short portfolios. In addition, reduction in short-sale constraints due to increase in the ownership breadth can explain the insignificant return in the short portfolio. The conclusions stay the same after controlling for the common risk factors including the Fama-French three factors and the momentum factor. My results are robust to different size groups, different portfolio weighting methods, an alternative measure of active institutional investors and cross-sectional regression tests. These findings indicate that active institutional investors improve market efficiency. In the second essay, I examine how the relaxation of short-sale constraints affects the readability in financial disclosures using a natural experiment. From 2005 to 2007, the SEC implemented a pilot program in which one-third of the Russell 3000 stocks were randomly selected as pilot stocks and were exempted from short-sale price tests. I find that the readability of 10-K reports for the pilot stocks significantly decreases during the program period. Moreover, the relation between a reduction in short-sales constraint and annual report readability is not uniform in the cross-section. I find that the results are more pronounced for firms that are smaller, less profitable or riskier; for firms that have lower institutional ownership or analyst coverage; and for firms with worse corporate governance or corporate social responsibility. I conclude that Regulation SHO leads to lower readability in the context of financial disclosures.

Author: Riccardo Sabbatucci
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 162

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The focus of my dissertation is the study of stock market predictability. More precisely, I use econometric tools to understand, explain, and predict aggregate and cross-sectional patterns in stock prices. Predictability of aggregate stock market returns and dividend growth is a widely studied topic, of great interest to both academics and practitioners. It is related to theories of market efficiency and information diffusion, both rational and behavioral. It also allows us to determine which types of information generate the movements in stock prices that we observe. Understanding why stock prices move and what factors drive their variation is critical from theoretical and policy-making perspectives. Chapter 1 of my dissertation revisits one of the main findings of the predictability literature, namely that all variation in aggregate stock prices is explained by changes in aggregate risk through discount rates and none by news about firms' expected cash flows. I propose a more comprehensive measure of dividends that includes M&A cash flows and show that dividend growth is predictable and that cash flow news explains around 60% of the observed variation in prices, while the remaining 40% is accounted for by discount rate news. Chapter 2 shows that information about fundamentals of the aggregate economy derived from closely held firms help predict stock returns of public firms. A common feature of most stock market predictors is that they are constructed using financial data of public firms. I construct a new economy-wide dividend-price ratio that takes into account dividends and market capitalization of both listed (public) and non-listed (private) U.S. companies and show that it strongly predicts stock returns both in-sample and out-of-sample. I also find that changes in dividends of private firms lead those of public firms and that the economy-wide dividend-price ratio subsumes the standard dividend-price ratio in predictive regressions. Chapter 3, co-authored with Christopher A. Parsons and Sheridan Titman, explores geographic momentum: a positive lead-lag stock return relation between neighboring firms operating in different sectors. It shows that a portfolio of firms headquartered in the same area, but operating in different sectors, strongly forecasts individual stock returns up to one year ahead. The economic significance of a city-momentum trading strategy is of similar magnitude to that observed with industry momentum. However, while industry momentum is strongest among thinly traded, small firms, and/or those with scant analyst following, geographic momentum is unrelated to these proxies for information processing. We propose an explanation linking this to the structure of the investment analyst business, which is organized by sector, rather than by geographic region.

Author: Birgit Charlotte Müller
Publisher: Springer Gabler
ISBN: 9783658354787
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : de
Pages : 147

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Book Description
In this Open-Access-book three essays on empirical asset pricing in international equity markets are presented. Despite being of fundamental economic and scientific importance, international financial markets have remained considerably underresearched until today. In the first essay, the role of firm-specific characteristics is analyzed for the momentum effect to exist in international equity markets. The second essay investigates the validity, persistence, and robustness of the newly discovered capital share growth factor across international equity markets as proposed by Lettau et al. (2019) for the U.S. market. Lastly, the third and final essay studies stock market reactions of European vendor banks to distressed loan sale announcements.

Author: Yangqiulu Luo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Finance
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
This dissertation consists of two essays on empirical asset pricing. The first essay examines if the idiosyncratic risk is priced. Theories such as Merton (1987) predict that idiosyncratic risk should be priced when investors do not diversify their portfolio. However, the previous literature has presented a mixed set of results of the pricing of idiosyncratic risk. We find strong evidence that idiosyncratic risk is priced differently across bull and bear markets. For the sample period from June 1946 to the end of 2010, a factor portfolio long on stocks with high idiosyncratic volatility and short on stocks with low idiosyncratic volatility yields an equal-weighted monthly return of 1.59% for bull markets but -1.29% for bear markets. These evidences support the hypothesis that investors are rewarded for betting on individual stocks during bull markets and holding more diversified portfolios during bear markets. The second essay examines the role of the limits to arbitrage in the negative effect of liquidity on subsequent stock returns. I hypothesize that if the negative effect persists because of the limits to arbitrage, the effect should be more pronounced when there are more severe limits to arbitrage. My empirical evidence supports the hypothesis. In addition, I find that the effect of the limits to arbitrage on the liquidity anomaly is not correlated to the liquidity risk.

Author: Johan Parmler
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789172586918
Category : Capital assets pricing model
Languages : en
Pages : 163

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Author: Ali Shahrad
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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"This thesis consists of three essays in empirical asset pricing. In the first essay, I study momentum crashes in emerging equity markets. In particular, I investigate that the momentum crashes are related to volatility, unconditional of the market state. I use emerging stock markets as a laboratory because of their high volatility in both bear and bull markets. My main finding is that momentum crashes are not limited to bear markets, and in fact, one third are experienced in bull markets. These crashes do not fit into the optionality model of Daniel and Moskowitz (2016). Instead, I provide evidence that momentum crashes are linked to the market volatility. In volatile states, the optionality payoff of momentum increases and momentum skewness decreases. Furthermore, I show that the poor performance of momentum in EMs is due to the high volatility in these markets. In the second essay, I investigate whether excessive shortselling is the primary cause for momentum crashes. My hypothesis is that the excessive shortselling of the loser stocks pushes their price below their fundamental values. When the market rebounds, the reversal in the price of the losers leads to momentum crash. I collect the data on shortselling policies across countries, and test whether momentum crashes less in markets with shortselling ban, controlling for the market state and volatility. My results show that the crashes are less severe in markets with shortselling ban, suggesting that shortselling partially explains momentum crashes.In the third essay, I study the mutual fund industry in 77 countries and examine how the fund styles are developed on the aggregate level. I apply textual analysis to the fund names in order to classify funds. I find that the 20 most frequently used words appear in over 50% of all fund names and I define 10 categories (“styles”) based on those (and related) words. These 10 categories are sufficient to classify over 85% of all funds. I find that the menu of funds are remarkably universal. My main result shows how the menu of funds offered to investors in those 77 countries converges over time to a common (“global”) menu of funds. I trace this surprisingly simple and uniform process of global menu convergence to the actions of individual fund families who follow similar growth paths. My results shed new light on the aggregate process of financial innovation and the industrial organization of the asset management industry that appears to produce the same “wholesale” menu around the world"--

Author: Amir Akbari
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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"This thesis explores the role of borrowing frictions, exchange rate risk, and intertemporal demand in stock prices across international financial markets. Specifically, I study how global asset prices are governed, considering the constraints and incentives that investors face when making investment decisions. The first essay adds a new dimension to the research on the dynamics of global market integration, providing an explanation for reversals in market integration via funding illiquidity. I show that when funding capital dries out, investors, unable to borrow and trade freely, fail to facilitate the integration process. Therefore, international asset prices during these periods are explained more by country-specific asset pricing factors than by global asset pricing factors. The second essay explores the role of exchange rate risk and intertemporal demand in international markets. These sources of risk are linked via the interest rate channel and are both likely proxies of the state variables that affect asset prices over time. We carefully disentangle the two risk factors and study the international equity market indices with multiple risk factors in a large cross-section through time. We show that the evidence of global pricing of risk crucially hinges on pooling assets with substantial cross-sectional variation. The third essay introduces a methodological innovation to study the dynamics of the compensation for the intertemporal risk in business cycles. Specifically, we contribute to the empirical asset pricing literature by studying the relative importance of prices of intertemporal risk during recessions, recoveries, and expansions." --

Author: John Robert Vogel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Assets (Accounting)
Languages : en
Pages : 242

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Book Description
This dissertation includes three essays of empirical asset pricing. In the first essay, The Value/Growth Anomaly and Hard to Value Firms, I show that combining quality signals (firm fundamentals) and hard to value measures increases the return spread between value and growth portfolios. A portfolio that is long high quality value firms that are hard to value and short low quality growth firms that are hard to value yields a 4-factor alpha of up to 1.41% per month. Second, ex-ante observed quality signals are better at predicting high performance and low performance growth stocks as compared to value stocks. This growth stock mispricing can be explained by extreme quality measures, and enhanced by focusing on hard to value growth firms. In the second essay, Using Maximum Drawdowns to Capture Tail Risk, I, along with my co-author Wesley R. Gray, propose the use of maximum drawdown, the maximum peak to trough loss across a time series of compounded returns, as a simple method to capture an element of risk unnoticed by linear factor models: tail risk. Unlike other tail-risk metrics, maximum drawdown is intuitive and easy-to-calculate. We look at maximum drawdowns to assess tail risks associated with market neutral strategies identified in the academic literature. Our evidence suggests that academic anomalies are not anomalous: all strategies endure large drawdowns at some point in the time series. Many of these losses would trigger margin calls and investor withdrawals, forcing an investor to liquidate. In the third essay, Analyzing Valuation Measures: A Performance Horse Race over the Past 40 Years, I, along with my co-author Wesley R. Gray, show that EBITDA/TEV has historically been the best performing valuation metric and outperforms many investor favorites such as price-to-earnings, free-cash-flow to total enterprise value, and book-to-market. We also explore the investment potential of long-term valuation ratios, which replaces one-year earnings with an average of long-term earnings. In contrast to prior empirical work, we find that long-term ratios add little investment value over standard one-year valuation metrics.