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Author: Olivier Merle
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401590605
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 178
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Book Description
Nappes and overthrusts are the mosl representative geological structures in mountain chains. The issue of their emplacement mechanisms and of the driving force of these displacements is a major problem in tectonics which interests, for near to a century now and not without harsh controversies, a significant proportion of structural geologists and geoscientists who work in the field of rock mechanics. This book attempts to give a clear and didactic synthesis of the current knowledge of the concept of thrusting, principally by tackling two approaches, mechanics and kinematics, which have proposed some solutions to this problem. At first (Chapter I), the notions of thrusting are defined, with the most recent terminology and the most important geometric aspects. This introduction to the geometry of thrusts is logically followed by the presentation of their problem; the issue of the emplacement mechanisms (Chapter 2). Let us note in passing that the formulation of the concept and the presentation of its problem are associated historically, which justifies presenting them in the historical framework of this discovery before tackling the different solutions and mechanical hypotheses. These are detailed in Chapter 3 by following a chronological progression, and emphasising the divergences and oppositions between different models so as to cover them fully. The chapter on the kinematics (Chapter 4) then returns to the type of data which can be collected in the field, by clarifying the relationships between displacement and internal strain.
Author: Olivier Merle
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401590605
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 178
Get Book Here
Book Description
Nappes and overthrusts are the mosl representative geological structures in mountain chains. The issue of their emplacement mechanisms and of the driving force of these displacements is a major problem in tectonics which interests, for near to a century now and not without harsh controversies, a significant proportion of structural geologists and geoscientists who work in the field of rock mechanics. This book attempts to give a clear and didactic synthesis of the current knowledge of the concept of thrusting, principally by tackling two approaches, mechanics and kinematics, which have proposed some solutions to this problem. At first (Chapter I), the notions of thrusting are defined, with the most recent terminology and the most important geometric aspects. This introduction to the geometry of thrusts is logically followed by the presentation of their problem; the issue of the emplacement mechanisms (Chapter 2). Let us note in passing that the formulation of the concept and the presentation of its problem are associated historically, which justifies presenting them in the historical framework of this discovery before tackling the different solutions and mechanical hypotheses. These are detailed in Chapter 3 by following a chronological progression, and emphasising the divergences and oppositions between different models so as to cover them fully. The chapter on the kinematics (Chapter 4) then returns to the type of data which can be collected in the field, by clarifying the relationships between displacement and internal strain.
Author: Yildirim Dilek
Publisher: Geological Society of America
ISBN: 0813723493
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 556
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Book Description
The proceedings from the September 1998 conference in Marshall, California contain 39 papers on the following topics: ophiolites, ocean crust, and global tectonics; oceanic lower crust and upper mantle; structure and physical properties of upper oceanic crust; hydrothermal processes; Pacific Rim ophiolites; and, Ophiolites from Iapetus, Rheic-Pleionic, Neotethyan, and Indian Oceans. Contributors include scientists with backgrounds in structural geology, tectonics, geophysics, petrology, and geochemistry. Numerous black and white illustrations (and one in color) are included. Annotation copyrighted by Book News Inc., Portland, OR
Author: Eldridge M. Moores
Publisher: Waveland Press
ISBN: 1478626607
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 427
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Book Description
Deformation of the Earth’s crust happens at a multitude of scales, ranging from submicroscopic to planetary. Tectonics explores structures and processes from regional to global, differentiating itself from the material covered in most structural geology textbooks. Moores and Twiss emphasize basic principles and methodologies of tectonics, embracing the time-honored perspective of using present processes to understand the past. Comprehensive in scope and detail, coverage includes the effects of plate motions and reconstructions and the resultant structures associated with active rift, transform, and subduction boundaries as well as triple junctions and collision zones; deformations of both the ocean basins and the continents; and orogenic belts. Moores and Twiss present tectonics as an open-ended field of study in which assumptions can be challenged and interpretations changed. The authors emphasize the use of models as a means of understanding observations and putting them in context to maintain a distinction between what we know from observing the Earth and what we infer from interpretation.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Geology
Languages : en
Pages : 332
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Book Description
Author: Robert J. Twiss
Publisher: Macmillan
ISBN: 9780716722526
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 548
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Book Description
For advanced undergraduate structural geology courses.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic journals
Languages : en
Pages : 216
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Book Description
Author: Vaclav Cilek
Publisher: EOLSS Publications
ISBN: 1848261055
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 426
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Book Description
Earth System: History and Natural Variability theme is a component of Encyclopedia of Natural Resources Policy and Management, in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. The Theme on Earth System: History and Natural Variability with contributions from distinguished experts in the field, presents a description of the cosmic environment around our planet influencing the Earth in a number of ways through variation of solar energy or meteorite impacts. The structure of the Earth and its rocks, waters and atmosphere is described. The Theme focuses on geological and evolutionary processes through the history of Earth's epochs and biomes since the Early Earth to the Quaternary. The unifying processes between the Earth's life and its rocks, waters and atmosphere are global natural cycles of carbon, sulfur and other elements that connect and influence the rate of geological processes, climate change, biological evolution and human economy. These five volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College students Educators, Professional practitioners, Research personnel and Policy analysts, managers, and decision makers and NGOs.
Author: G.C. Amstutz
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642882307
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 479
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Book Description
The idea for the present Spilite Volume was born during the Spilite Symposium at the XXIIIrd session of the International Geological Con gress in Prague, 1968. At that time, only a restricted number of petro logists working on spilites was present and, therefore, the group assem bled agreed that a Symposium Volume should also include recent papers by many other spilite specialists. At the same time it was agreed that the papers presented at the Symposium should be returned to the authors for changes and additions. This procedure of upgrading and amending the papers has continued until this year (1973) for various technical and editorial reasons. The information presented here is, therefore, up-to date. To those familiar with the spilite problem it is obvious that the time had come for a review of its state. Also, the existing litera ture had become so voluminous that a monographic review was necessary. Following a modern trend, the authorship for this review was spread among specialists with variable experience. For readers not necessarily familiar with the spilite problem, a brief summary is presented here. A short historical note is followed first by the observations, then by the interpretations, finally by some of the major features of scientific logic as they pertain to the problem of the primary or secondary origin of some of the rocks termed spilites and keratophyres.
Author: Alex C. Tobi
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400954506
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 601
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Book Description
The Proterozoic terrains of South Scandinavia and the Grenville Province in North-America have many common features : Regional high grade metamorphism (Granulite-facies), anorthosites, etc. They are separated by the Caledonian orogeny and, above all, by the Atlantic Ocean. During the time of the great continental drift controversy, few people were ready to admit that both sides on the Atlantic were once an unique province. Now everybody agrees on the Post-paleozoic age of the Atlantic and, consequently, on the intrinsic homogeneity of the much older. rocks which occur around it. But a detailed comparison is not easy. The Grenville Province is much larger than South Scandinavia, both regions have been investigated by a great number of different schools, using various methods, approaches and concepts. After several attempts, and long discussion, it was felt by a small group of individuals, that literature study would not be enough and that nothing could re place the direct contact, in the field, of specialists who had a first hand knowledge of all involved regions. The formula of a NATO Advanced Study Institute, which gives a unique opportunity to meet and mix people of various origin and levels, came almost by itself. Much work was needed, much help has been obtained, as detailed in the "Acknowledgements".
Author: Neville J. Price
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521319584
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 524
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Book Description
A knowledge of structural geology is fundamental to understanding the processes by which the earth's crust has evolved. It is a subject of fundamental importance to students of geology, experienced field geologists and academic researchers as well as to petroleum and mining engineers. In contrast to many structural textbooks which dwell upon geometrical descriptions of geological structures, this book emphasises mechanical principles and the way in which they can be used to understand how and why a wide range of geological structures develop. Structures on all scales are considered but the emphasis of the book is on those that can be seen on the scale of hand specimen or outcrop. Drawing on their considerable teaching experience the authors present a coherent and lucid analysis of geological structures which will be welcomed by a wide variety of earth scientists.
