Emissions from Premixed Charge Compression Ignition (PCCI) Combustion and Affect on Emission Control Devices PDF Download
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Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
A light-duty diesel engine has been operated in advanced combustion modes known generally as premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI). The emissions have been characterized for several load and speed combinations. Fewer NOx and particulate matter (PM) emissions are produced by PCCI, but higher CO and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions result. In addition, the nature of the PM differs from conventional combustion; the PM is smaller and has a much higher soluble organic fraction (SOF) content (68% vs. 30% for conventional combustion). Three catalyst technologies were studied to determine the affects of HECC on catalyst performance; the technologies were a lean NOx trap (LNT), diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC), and diesel particulate filter (DPF). The LNT benefited greatly from the reduced NOx emissions associated with PCCI. NOx capacity requirements are reduced as well as overall tailpipe NOx levels particularly at low load and temperature conditions where regeneration of the LNT is difficult. The DOC performance requirements for PCCI are more stringent due to the higher CO and HC emissions; however, the DOC was effective at controlling the higher CO and HC emissions at conditions above the light-off temperature. Below light-off, CO and HC emissions are problematic. The study of DPF technology focused on the fuel penalties associated with DPF regeneration or 'desoot' due to the different PM loading rates from PCCI vs. conventional combustion. Less frequent desoot events were required from the lower PM from PCCI and, when used in conjunction with an LNT, the lower PM from less frequent LNT regeneration. The lower desoot frequency leads a ≈3% fuel penalty for a mixture of PCCI and conventional loads vs. ≈4% for conventional only combustion.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
A light-duty diesel engine has been operated in advanced combustion modes known generally as premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI). The emissions have been characterized for several load and speed combinations. Fewer NOx and particulate matter (PM) emissions are produced by PCCI, but higher CO and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions result. In addition, the nature of the PM differs from conventional combustion; the PM is smaller and has a much higher soluble organic fraction (SOF) content (68% vs. 30% for conventional combustion). Three catalyst technologies were studied to determine the affects of HECC on catalyst performance; the technologies were a lean NOx trap (LNT), diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC), and diesel particulate filter (DPF). The LNT benefited greatly from the reduced NOx emissions associated with PCCI. NOx capacity requirements are reduced as well as overall tailpipe NOx levels particularly at low load and temperature conditions where regeneration of the LNT is difficult. The DOC performance requirements for PCCI are more stringent due to the higher CO and HC emissions; however, the DOC was effective at controlling the higher CO and HC emissions at conditions above the light-off temperature. Below light-off, CO and HC emissions are problematic. The study of DPF technology focused on the fuel penalties associated with DPF regeneration or 'desoot' due to the different PM loading rates from PCCI vs. conventional combustion. Less frequent desoot events were required from the lower PM from PCCI and, when used in conjunction with an LNT, the lower PM from less frequent LNT regeneration. The lower desoot frequency leads a ≈3% fuel penalty for a mixture of PCCI and conventional loads vs. ≈4% for conventional only combustion.
Author: B. Ashok
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128242280
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 488
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Book Description
NOx Emission Control Technologies in Stationary and Automotive Internal Combustion Engines: Approaches Toward NOx Free Automobiles presents the fundamental theory of emission formation, particularly the oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and its chemical reactions and control techniques. The book provides a simplified framework for technical literature on NOx reduction strategies in IC engines, highlighting thermodynamics, combustion science, automotive emissions and environmental pollution control. Sections cover the toxicity and roots of emissions for both SI and CI engines and the formation of various emissions such as CO, SO2, HC, NOx, soot, and PM from internal combustion engines, along with various methods of NOx formation. Topics cover the combustion process, engine design parameters, and the application of exhaust gas recirculation for NOx reduction, making this book ideal for researchers and students in automotive, mechanical, mechatronics and chemical engineering students working in the field of emission control techniques. Covers advanced and recent technologies and emerging new trends in NOx reduction for emission control Highlights the effects of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on engine performance parameters Discusses emission norms such as EURO VI and Bharat stage VI in reducing global air pollution due to engine emissions
Author: Richard Folkson
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
ISBN: 0323900283
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 800
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Book Description
Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicle Technologies for Improved Environmental Performance: Towards Zero Carbon Transportation, Second Edition provides a comprehensive view of key developments in advanced fuels and vehicle technologies to improve the energy efficiency and environmental impact of the automotive sector. Sections consider the role of alternative fuels such as electricity, alcohol and hydrogen fuel cells, as well as advanced additives and oils in environmentally sustainable transport. Other topics explored include methods of revising engine and vehicle design to improve environmental performance and fuel economy and developments in electric and hybrid vehicle technologies. This reference will provide professionals, engineers and researchers of alternative fuels with an understanding of the latest clean technologies which will help them to advance the field. Those working in environmental and mechanical engineering will benefit from the detailed analysis of the technologies covered, as will fuel suppliers and energy producers seeking to improve the efficiency, sustainability and accessibility of their work. - Provides a fully updated reference with significant technological advances and developments in the sector - Presents analyses on the latest advances in electronic systems for emissions control, autonomous systems, artificial intelligence and legislative requirements - Includes a strong focus on updated climate change predictions and consequences, helping the reader work towards ambitious 2050 climate change goals for the automotive industry
Author: Satoshi Kato
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
In this study, direct fuel impingement and distribution system, named OSKA was applied to premixed charge compression ignition-(PCCI) engine in order to reduce unburned hydrocarbon (UHC) emissions. The OSKA System employed which was composed of single-hole fuel injector, impinging part and re-entrant-type combustion chamber. A single-cylinder diesel engine (bore 118/stroke 108 mm) was modified for the OSKA system. A fuel injector was located in the center of cylinder head and an impinging part was provided in the center of piston cavity. The injected fuel spray impinged onto an impinging part and spray grew radial direction symmetrically. As a result, most of fuel spray was trapped in the piston cavity and prevented the fuel spry quenching onto the cylinder wall and cylinder head, accordingly, UHC emissions were expected to reduce under the condition of very early fuel injection timing of PCCI engine. The experimental results showed that very low NOx emission by OSKA system PCCI engine. UHC emissions and soluble organic fraction (SOF) of PM were also reduced as compared with the conventional direct fuel injection PCCI engine. UHC emissions was reduced about half of the conventional direct fuel injection PCCI engine with multi-hole fuel injector. UHC emissions reduction can be considered as a result of wall-quenched fuel reduction by OSKA system.
Author: Zainal Ambri Abdul Karim
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811077541
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 88
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Book Description
This book examines the development and utilization of alternative fuels in order to reduce or control the environmental impact of internal combustion engine exhaust gases. Discussing alternative fuels such as dual fuel techniques, rubber seed/palm oil biodiesel, syngas dual-fuelling, water-in-diesel emulsions and gasification of date palm seeds, it is a valuable resource for researchers in the field of engine development and on alternative fuels.
Author: Xianguo Li
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811969450
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1062
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Book Description
The book presents the select proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (ICETMIE 2022). It covers the latest trends in the area of mechanical engineering. The broad topics covered in the book are engineering design, industrial and production engineering, Industry 4.0, energy and process engineering, mechatronics, control and robotics, material science, and automotive engineering. The book is useful for students, researchers, and professionals working in the various areas of mechanical engineering.
Author: Freddie L. Inambao
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 1803557869
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 266
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Book Description
Diesel Engines and Biodiesel Engines Technologies explores the conceptual and methodological approaches for the understanding of both diesel engines and biodiesel technologies. The book incorporates reviews of the most significant research findings in both diesel and biodiesel engine production and utilization. It presents technological interventions in biodiesel production and offers a foresight analysis of the perspectives of biodiesel as a future global commodity. It also examines the main challenges that biodiesel will have to overcome in order to play a key role in future energy systems. Furthermore, the book discusses alternative diesel fuels from oils and fats and proposes solutions to issues associated with biodiesel feedstocks, production issues, quality control, viscosity, stability, applications, emissions, and other environmental impacts.
Author: Akhilendra Pratap Singh
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811503680
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 256
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Book Description
This book discusses the recent advances in combustion strategies and engine technologies, with specific reference to the automotive sector. Chapters discuss the advanced combustion technologies, such as gasoline direct ignition (GDI), spark assisted compression ignition (SACI), gasoline compression ignition (GCI), etc., which are the future of the automotive sector. Emphasis is given to technologies which have the potential for utilization of alternative fuels as well as emission reduction. One special section includes a few chapters for methanol utilization in two-wheelers and four wheelers. The book will serve as a valuable resource for academic researchers and professional automotive engineers alike.
Author: Avinash Kumar Agarwal
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811684189
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 367
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Book Description
This book is based on advanced combustion technologies currently employed in internal combustion engines. It discusses different strategies for improving conventional diesel combustion. The volume includes chapters on low-temperature combustion techniques of compression-ignition engines which results in significant reduction of NOx and soot emissions. The content also highlights newly evolved gasoline compression technology and optical techniques in advanced gasoline direct injection engines. the research and its outcomes presented here highlight advancements in combustion technologies, analysing various issues related to in-cylinder combustion, pollutant formation and alternative fuels. This book will be of interest to those in academia and industry involved in fuels, IC engines, engine combustion research.
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Publisher: ScholarlyEditions
ISBN: 1464963290
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 10508
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Book Description
Issues in Chemistry and General Chemical Research: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Chemistry and General Chemical Research. The editors have built Issues in Chemistry and General Chemical Research: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Chemistry and General Chemical Research in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Chemistry and General Chemical Research: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
