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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 15
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Book Description
The electroless deposition of nickel and cobalt from hypophosphite- based solutions has found numerous applications by virtue of characteristics unmatched by electrodeposition. For example, since deposition is produced by contact of the catalytic surface with the solution, exceptionally good deposit uniformity may be obtained. Also, the presence of phosphorus (from hypophosphite) in the deposits provides exceptional hardness (1) and corrosion resistance (2) to nickel and valuable magnetic properties (3) to cobalt. Electroless deposits may, in addition, be directly applied to non-conductive materials (4). Electroless deposition of copper (5) and palladium (6) has also been successfully applied utilizing formaldehyde and hydrazine reducing agents respectively. The electroless deposition process, at present, is limited to the four metals mentioned above. It was felt that electroless deposits with a wider variety of chemical, physical, and magnetic properties might be achieved by means of codeposition of other metals during electroless nickel or cobalt deposition.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 15
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Book Description
The electroless deposition of nickel and cobalt from hypophosphite- based solutions has found numerous applications by virtue of characteristics unmatched by electrodeposition. For example, since deposition is produced by contact of the catalytic surface with the solution, exceptionally good deposit uniformity may be obtained. Also, the presence of phosphorus (from hypophosphite) in the deposits provides exceptional hardness (1) and corrosion resistance (2) to nickel and valuable magnetic properties (3) to cobalt. Electroless deposits may, in addition, be directly applied to non-conductive materials (4). Electroless deposition of copper (5) and palladium (6) has also been successfully applied utilizing formaldehyde and hydrazine reducing agents respectively. The electroless deposition process, at present, is limited to the four metals mentioned above. It was felt that electroless deposits with a wider variety of chemical, physical, and magnetic properties might be achieved by means of codeposition of other metals during electroless nickel or cobalt deposition.
Author: Abner Brenner
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483223116
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 735
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Book Description
Electrodeposition of Alloys: Principles and Practice, Volume I covers the general and theoretical aspects of the electrodeposition of alloy containing silver and/or copper. This book is organized into three parts encompassing 21 chapters. The first part considers first the history of electrodeposition, the applications of electrodeposited alloys, and the practical considerations involved in electrodeposition. This part also deals with the effect of operating variables on composition of electrodeposited alloys, and the physico-chemical properties of the alloy. The second part focuses on the theoretical aspects of alloy electrodeposition. This part includes discussions on the role of cathode diffusion layer, the effects of complexing agents, and the concept of alloy plating. The third part discusses the practical aspects of the electrodeposition of alloys, focusing primarily on the electrodeposition of alloys from aqueous solutions. This part examines first brass and bronze plating, followed by the electrodeposition of copper-tin, silver, and iron containing alloys. This book is directed toward electrochemists and researchers.
Author: Milan Paunovic
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Alloys
Languages : en
Pages : 324
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Book Description
Author: James L. Holman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cobalt-nickel alloys
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
Author: Bangwei Zhang
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128027061
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 774
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Book Description
Amorphous and Nano Alloys Electroless Depositions: Technology, Theory, Structure and Property describes the whole development and the most important subjects (technology, theory, structure and property) up to date of electroless plating (EP). The author concentrates on the fundamental scientific and academic problems (principle, mechanism and theory) in EP today.Based on the history of EP, this valuable reference describes lots of new EP processes, including electroless Fe based alloy system deposits, formation and theoretical description of electroless alloys, microscopic theory of electroless plating deposits, microscopic structures and surface morphology of electroless deposits, and weldability property of electroless deposits. - Focus on the fundamental scientific and academic problems (principles, mechanisms and theory) in electroless plating - The book gives a very good overview of the research and development in this field and each chapter is fully referenced - Detailed analysis and review of the current data, logically structured for ease of use
Author: Xinyu Liu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chemical engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 112
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Book Description
Electroless deposition of nickel-phosphorus (Ni-P) alloy, facilitated by the use of sodium hypophosphite as reducing agent, is important to many industrial applications. During electroless Ni-P deposition, hydrogen gas evolves as a byproduct. In the present work, we first determine the source of hydrogen gas evolved by characterizing the deposition products and chemically analyzing the evolved gas. Specifically, we demonstrate that hydrogen gas evolves primarily due to chemical hydroxylation of hypophosphite anions catalyzed by the Ni surface and not due to electrochemical water splitting. Using volumetric measurements of the rate of hydrogen evolution on a rotating disk electrode, the effects of pH, hypophosphite concentration and hydrodynamics on the hypophosphite hydroxylation reaction are investigated. A mathematical rate expression is formulated, which incorporates the relevant kinetics and mass transport parameters affecting the hypophosphite hydroxylation reaction. Comparison of the model with experimentally measured hydrogen evolution rates allows precise determination of the rate constant and reaction orders. The transport-reaction approach developed for hydrogen generation in electroless Ni-P deposition was also applied to electroless deposition of Co-P where too hydrogen gas evolves via chemical hydroxylation of hypophosphite. The quantitative methods developed herein can be applied broadly to the study of gas evolution kinetics in chemical systems where access to the reaction rate is not available through amperommetry.Additionally, amorphous Ni-W-P films were fabricated using electroless deposition and characterized using microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. Such characterization of the electroless Ni-W-P films indicated that addition of tungsten in the 1-3 at.% range improves the crystallization resistance of the as-deposited amorphous Ni-W-P films. The improved crystallization resistance may enable future applications of Ni-W-P alloys in Heat Assisted Magnetic Recording (HAMR) technology.
Author: Glenn O. Mallory
Publisher: William Andrew
ISBN: 9780936569079
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 552
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Book Description
Author: G. O. Mallory
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 552
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Book Description
Author: Fabienne Delaunois
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0429881134
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 337
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Book Description
Electroless Nickel Plating: Fundamentals to Applications provides a complete and actualized view of electroless nickel plating, thus greatly improving the accessibility of knowledge on the subject. It touches upon all aspects of electroless nickel, from the fundamentals (including thermodynamics of electroless plating, bath chemistry, and substrate preparation) to more applied areas of the field such as bath replenishment, composite coatings, post-treatments, polyalloys, graded and multilayer coatings, ultrasound assistance, applications, and properties. Contributed to by a variety of international authors to ensure different points of view and interests are addressed, this book stands as the first complete and updated state-of-the-art text on electroless nickel in the twenty-first century. It also serves as the first technical book with a strong emphasis on nickel-boron. It also focuses on environmental aspects. Including cutting-edge content presented sufficiently extensive to be directly useful to the practitioner, this book is aimed at materials scientists, metallurgists, and other professionals working with electroless nickel plating.
Author: Masami Hayashi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cobalt
Languages : en
Pages : 44
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Book Description
