Electrochemical Studies of Two-dimensional Processes at Well-defined Platinum Single Crystal Electrodes PDF Download
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Languages : en
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Author: Sylvie Morin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chemisorption
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Grzegorz (Gregory). Jerkiewicz
Publisher:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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The main body of research reported in this thesis was concerned with studies of H, and OH or O, chemisorption on polycrystalline and single-crystal Pt surfaces, including studies of the anodic growth of thick oxide films and distinction between the several states in which they are formed. In the work reported in the first part of this thesis, a standard procedure has been worked out for preparing polycrystalline Pt electrodes. Such electrodes reveal and sustain the same physical and electrochemical properties over long periods of time; this is probably the result of the discovery and use of the "electrochemical annealing" phenomenon. Thus, polycrystalline Pt electrodes can be well characterized in a reproducible way after selected controlled thermal and/or electrochemical pretreatments and are found to become reconverted to the same, stable and final state (the "electrochemically annealed" state) after prolonged cycling between 0.05 and 1.40 V, RHE, regardless of their initial pretreatment. At Pt anodes subjected to regimes of anodization at high controlled potentials for various periods of time, it was found that at least five states of the oxide film can be distinguished, in reduction, using the cyclic-voltammetry technique. The extent of growth of the oxide film at Pt proceeds according to a direct logarithmic law in time of growth for polarization potentials between 1.80 and 2.30 V, RHE. Upon further increase of the polarization time, the oxide growth rate increases some 400 times due to the onset of the high-field oxide growth mechanism of Mott and Cabreta. Upon increase of the polarization potential and time, it has been shown that multilayer phase oxide is generated on top of the quasi-2-d oxide. It is found that the quasi-2-d oxide can be reduced independently from the bulk-type oxide, leading to a situation where the thick-oxide film resides on bare Pt. It is also demonstrated that the quasi-2-d oxide resides between Pt and the thick oxide film. The oxide growth rate depends on the crystallographic orientation of the underlying metal surface. Cycling of "quenched" Pt(111) and Pt(100) into the oxide region results in surface restructuring (probably enhanced by the stress from quenching). Such pretreated Pt(111) and Pt(100) surfaces exhibit the same electrochemical behaviours as those of annealed Pt(111) and Pt(100). (Abstract shortened by UMI.).
Author: Omar Abdullah Hazzazi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Catalysis
Languages : en
Pages : 566
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Author: Cynthia G. Zoski
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0444519580
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 935
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Electrochemistry plays a key role in a broad range of research and applied areas including the exploration of new inorganic and organic compounds, biochemical and biological systems, corrosion, energy applications involving fuel cells and solar cells, and nanoscale investigations. The Handbook of Electrochemistry serves as a source of electrochemical information, providing details of experimental considerations, representative calculations, and illustrations of the possibilities available in electrochemical experimentation. The book is divided into five parts: Fundamentals, Laboratory Practical, Techniques, Applications, and Data. The first section covers the fundamentals of electrochemistry which are essential for everyone working in the field, presenting an overview of electrochemical conventions, terminology, fundamental equations, and electrochemical cells, experiments, literature, textbooks, and specialized books. Part 2 focuses on the different laboratory aspects of electrochemistry which is followed by a review of the various electrochemical techniques ranging from classical experiments to scanning electrochemical microscopy, electrogenerated chemiluminesence and spectroelectrochemistry. Applications of electrochemistry include electrode kinetic determinations, unique aspects of metal deposition, and electrochemistry in small places and at novel interfaces and these are detailed in Part 4. The remaining three chapters provide useful electrochemical data and information involving electrode potentials, diffusion coefficients, and methods used in measuring liquid junction potentials. * serves as a source of electrochemical information * includes useful electrochemical data and information involving electrode potentials, diffusion coefficients, and methods used in measuring liquid junction potentials * reviews electrochemical techniques (incl. scanning electrochemical microscopy, electrogenerated chemiluminesence and spectroelectrochemistry)
Author: Yulin Wang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 157
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The study of the structure-activity relationship of electrode surfaces is fundamentally important in electrocatalysis research. Yet, the methods and techniques used for the examination of structure-activity relationship so far are limited by their capabilities, and the exploration of electrochemistry at complex surfaces is very challenging. In this study, the correlation between the electrode surface structure and its corresponding activity in two electrochemical reactions were investigated: an electrochemical etching reaction and an electrocatalysis reaction. A polycrystalline Pt electrode was galvanically etched to expose the underlying well-defined crystallites serving as pseudo-single-crystal electrodes. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) complemented with electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) was employed for the elucidation of the effects of electrode surface structure on its etching rate. Electrochemical measurements of the electrocatalytic activity of the hydrogen oxidation reaction on individual grain surfaces were performed with high spatial resolution scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) coupled with electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The etching experiment and surface characterization results show the more deeply etched regions on polycrystalline Pt surface correspond to Pt(100). The etching rate of the Pt catalyst is Pt(111), Pt(100), and Pt(110) in increasing order. The structure-reactivity relationship showed that the catalytic activity for hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) increases in the order Pt(100)
Author: James J Spivey
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 1847553249
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 354
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There is an increasing challenge for chemical industry and research institutions to find cost-efficient and environmentally sound methods of converting natural resources into fuels chemicals and energy. Catalysts are essential to these processes and the Catalysis Specialist Periodical Report series serves to highlight major developments in this area. This series provides systematic and detailed reviews of topics of interest to scientists and engineers in the catalysis field. The coverage includes all major areas of heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis and also specific applications of catalysis such as NOx control kinetics and experimental techniques such as microcalorimetry. Each chapter is compiled by recognised experts within their specialist fields and provides a summary of the current literature. This series will be of interest to all those in academia and industry who need an up-to-date critical analysis and summary of catalysis research and applications. Catalysis will be of interest to anyone working in academia and industry that needs an up-to-date critical analysis and summary of catalysis research and applications. Specialist Periodical Reports provide systematic and detailed review coverage in major areas of chemical research. Compiled by teams of leading experts in their specialist fields, this series is designed to help the chemistry community keep current with the latest developments in their field. Each volume in the series is published either annually or biennially and is a superb reference point for researchers. www.rsc.org/spr
Author: Richard C. Alkire
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527340963
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 432
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Book Description
Volume XVII in the "Advances in Electrochemical Science and Engineering" series, this monograph covers progress in this rapidly developing field with a particular emphasis on important applications, including spectroscopy, medicinal chemistry and analytical chemistry. As such it covers nanopatterned and nanoparticle-modified electrodes for analytical detection, surface spectroscopy, electrocatalysis and a fundamental understanding of the relation between the electrode structure and its function. Written by a group of international experts, this is a valuable resource for researchers working in such fields as electrochemistry, materials science, spectroscopy, analytical and medicinal chemistry.
Author: William Michael Krebs
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 392
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Author: Carlos Fernando Zinola
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420045458
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 668
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Electrocatalysis applications are employed in a large number of industries worldwide, ranging from old technologies such as galvanoplasty to the most up-to-date deployments involving ultracapacitators. Recognizing electrocatalysis as a useful interfacial approach to a dynamic interdisciplinary science, Electrocatalysis: Computational, Experimental,
