Electricity in the Terrestrial Atmosphere Above the Exchange Layer PDF Download
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Author: Elden C. Whipple (Jr)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Atmospheric electricity
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Author: Elden C. Whipple (Jr)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Atmospheric electricity
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 396
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Author: Vladimir Shuleikin
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781536139730
Category : Atmospheric electricity
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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According to the provisions of the surface atmospheric electricity theory, the space charge of the surface air layer owes its origin to ionization by exhaling soil radon. According to field observations, a model representation of relations between hydrogen, methane, radon, and surface atmospheric electricity elements is composed. Bubbles of two volatile gases carry soil radon from a depth of 4-6 m to the near-surface atmosphere. As a consequence, light ions produced by ionization determine polar conductivity of the surface air; light ion aggregation with neutral condensation nuclei produces heavy ions primarily responsible for the atmospheric electric field. This means that the surface atmospheric electricity is determined by local geology and geodynamics.According to the field observations, the radon content in the surface soil layers is at least two orders of magnitude higher than the concentration of ionizer exhalation. A change in the soil radon content of a single percent will lead to a twofold change in the exhalation concentration, i.e., to a twofold change in the polar conductivities and the atmospheric electric field. This means that the surface atmospheric electricity elements will be extremely sensitive to variations in the subvertical carrier gas (hydrogen and methane) flow density.The results of multiple field observations prove the correctness of the above assumptions. The increased soil-atmosphere air exchange above fault zones, the basement top settling area, and the zones of natural or human-made soil loosening leads to an abrupt decrease in the atmospheric electric field and an increase in the polar air conductivity. An increase in the sub-vertical flow density of hydrogen above the ore body cap or methane in the oil field plume inevitably leads to low values of the atmospheric electric field within the deposit boundaries. The effect can be increased by the presence of natural or human-made seismic excitation in geological environments.The industrial level withdrawal of artesian waters is accompanied by a multiple increase in the atmospheric electric field above the area of hydrogeological processes; methane injection into the underground gas storage, industrial disposal of industrial wastewater leads to the opposite effect, i.e., a decrease of the atmospheric electric field. Taking into account the model constructed, complex measurements of surface atmospheric electricity elements--hydrogen and radon--allow for an indirect expression estimate of the soil methane content above the level of (10-6 - 10-5) vol.% and monitoring of the landslide stressed state.
Author: H. Dolezalek
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642852947
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 875
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Book Description
These Proceedings are published to give a full account of the Fifth International Conference on Atmospheric Electricity held in September 1974 in Garmisch-Partenkirchen in the Bavarian Alps in Germany. Traditionally, the Proceedings of these Conferences have served as reference books updating the textbooks and monographs on Atmospheric Electricity. As treated by these Conferences, Atmos pheric Electricity covers all aspects of this science, including the processes and problems which reach out into the Earth's environment as well as analogous processes on other planets and on the Moon. A history of these Conferences, an account of their purpose, and an outline of the scope and the preparation is to be found at the end of these Proceedings. There, also the Business Meetings of the involved organizations are mentioned. The Proceedings closely follow the original program and are accordingly organized into "Sessions". The papers printed in each "Session" in this book are the ones which were accepted for the sessions of the Conference with the same numbers and titles. Only the two "Special Sessions" have been given different numbers in the Proceedings, i.e. 2a and 10. In principle, all papers which were accepted by the Executive Panel either for full oral presentation or for printing in the Proceedings only, have in fact been included in these Proceedings, whether they were presented or not. In the latter case, a special note is made to explain the absence of a discussion.
Author: Hans Israël
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Atmospheric electricity
Languages : en
Pages : 336
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Author: Goddard Space Flight Center
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Astronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 1682
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 1958
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 2180
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Author: World Meteorological Organization
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Meteorology
Languages : en
Pages : 352
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Author: Robert E. Holzer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Atmospheric electricity
Languages : en
Pages : 264
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Book Description
