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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Africa, West
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Africa, West
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789988362355
Category : Conflict management
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: David Harris
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 0857732323
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 320
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Book Description
In the aftermath of explosive civil wars in Africa during the 1990s and 2000s, the establishment of multi-party elections has often been heralded by the West as signaling the culmination of the conflict and the beginning of a period of democratic rule. However, the outcomes of these elections are very rarely uniform, with just as many countries returning to conflict as not. Here, David Harris uses the examples of Sierra Leone and Liberia to examine the nexus of international and domestic politics in these post-conflict elections. In doing so, he comes to the conclusion that it is political, rather than legal, solutions that are more likely to enhance any positive political change that has emerged from the violence. This book is thus of significance to Western and African policy makers, and also to students and scholars who wish to engage with the critical issues of conflict resolution and reconciliation both in Sierra Leone and Liberia in particular and in the wider region in general.
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Madior Fall
Publisher: African Books Collective
ISBN: 1920489746
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 258
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This report is an in-depth study of electoral commissions in six countries of West Africa Benin, Cape Verde, Ghana, Nigeria, Senegal and Sierra Leone assessing their contribution in strengthening political participation in the region. As institutions that apply the rules governing elections, electoral management bodies (EMBs) have occupied, over the last two decades, the heart of discussion and practice on the critical question of effective citizen participation in the public affairs of their countries. The way in which they are established and the effectiveness of their operations have continued to preoccupy those who advocate for competitive elections, while reforms to the EMBs have taken centre stage in more general political reforms. Election Management Bodies in West Africa thus responds to the evident need for more knowledge about an institution that occupies a more and more important place in the political process in West Africa. Based on documentary research and detailed interviews in each country, the study provides a comparative analysis which highlights the similarities and differences in the structure and operations of each body, and attempts to establish the reasons for their comparative successes and failures.
Author: Timothy D. Sisk
Publisher: US Institute of Peace Press
ISBN: 9781878379795
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 244
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Elections have emerged as one of the most important, and most contentious, features of political life on the African continent. In the first half of this decade, there were more than 20 national elections, serving largely as capstones of peace processes or transitions to democracies. The outcomes of these and more recent elections have been remarkably varied, and the relationship between elections and conflict management is widely debated throughout Africa and among international observers. Elections can either help reduce tensions by reconstituting legitimate government, or they can exacerbate them by further polarizing highly conflictual societies. This timely volume examines the relationship between elections, especially electoral systems, and conflict management in Africa, while also serving as an important reference for other regions. The book brings together for the first time the latest thinking on the many different roles elections can play in democratization and conflict management.
Author: Adele Jinadu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Africa, West
Languages : en
Pages : 22
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This paper is based on case studies from six West African countries (Republic of Benin, Cape Verde, Ghana, Nigeria, Senegal and Sierra Leone). It points out key historical and material forces that helped frame and shape the electoral management and processes of these countries. These are: the state as a site for zero-sum politics; the progressive violation of the principle of isolation of administration from politics; and the combination of political and legal influences that help foster a culture of impunity. In reviewing national debates over strengthening electoral management and processes against the background of political reforms aimed at the democratic management of diversity, the paper focuses on five main challenges. These are, respectively: the preferred model of electoral management bodies (EMBs); the cost of elections; electoral dispute adjudication; EMBs' partnerships with state and non-state stakeholders; and presidential term limits. The trend is towards adopting one of the following EMB models: the single independent (Republic of Benin, Ghana and Nigeria); two or more independent (Sierra Leone); and hybrid or mixed (Cape Verde and Senegal). These three models seek to strengthen EMBs by entrenching them in constitutions (Ghana, Nigeria and Sierra Leone); or creating them through ordinary processes of legislation such as electoral laws, as in much of francophone Africa. An apparent conflict of interest among incumbent public political elective officebearers remains a stumbling block in legislating reforms to make EMBs independent of party and political control. The paper also examines challenges confronting EMBs, including the increasing cost of elections, controversy over electoral dispute adjudication and institutionalising partnerships with stakeholders. Noting gains and reversals in electoral management since the 1990s, the paper concludes that the major challenges facing African EMBs revolve around contradictions between the political economy and mainstream ethical values.
Author: B. Makulilo
Publisher: African Books Collective
ISBN: 1928331173
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 314
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Book Description
The management of elections is increasingly generating impassioned debate in these East African nations Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda. The bodies that manage and conduct elections are, therefore, coming under intense citizen and stakeholder scrutiny for the manner in which they are composed, how they organise and perform their mandates, and the outcomes they achieve. The effectiveness of electoral management bodies (EMBs) has largely been influenced by the impact of political violence on election management reforms in East Africa. Even in countries where EMBs are the products of reforms initiated in the aftermath of violent disputes over elections, they still face enormous challenges in dealing with electoral disputes and anticipating election-related crises. Although changes to constitutions and the laws in these countries have sought to make EMBs independent and, therefore, more inclined to deliver free, fair and credible elections, there are many issues that determine their impartiality and their ability to allow for the aggregation and free expression of the will of the people. These shortcomings negatively impact on democracy. This volume assembles case studies on the capacity of EMBs in these five East African countries to deliver democratic and transparent elections.
Author: Osei Baffour Frimpong
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Elections are undoubtedly a quintessential of democratization process and Africa is not an exception to this. Elections have thus been a preeminent factor in Africas democracy since the 1990s. Indeed, it has been the medium through which African people participate in the decision making process in their respective states. Apart from this, elections have played a key role in democratic transitions in Africa and opened the political space in most African States. This notwithstanding, elections have also been a source of cataclysmic conflicts, tensions, polarization and hostilities among others in sub Saharan African states such as Kenya, Cote dIvoire, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Nigeria, Togo, Sierra Leone and central African Republic among others. For this reason, while elections are important, they are not in themselves conducive to emerging democracies in Africa.Ghana is geographically located in the West African sub region which has been a scene of preponderant electoral conflicts. Therefore, political observers have been concerned about the spill over effect of these electoral conflicts on Ghana. In spite of this, Ghana has successfully organised six competitive elections over the past two decades. These elections have led to power alternation and smooth transfer of power between Ghanas two major political parties, the ruling National Democratic Congress (NDC) and the opposition New Patriotic Party (NPP) in 2000 and 2008. This significant achievement has earned Ghana both international and domestic recognition as a beacon of democracy and a bastion of peace and stability in Africa. However, elections in Ghana have not been conflict free. Ghana has witnessed disputes, tensions and violent conflicts at hotspots in almost all the elections the country has had. In spite of this, Ghana has been relatively successful in managing its electoral conflicts.Against this background, the study seeks to investigate democratisation and electoral conflict management in sub Saharan Africa with the Ghanaian experience as a case study. In the case of Ghana, the study specifically examines the role of Ghanas Electoral Commission in the management and prevention of electoral conflict. The study further investigates the challenges confronting the EC in its quest to manage and prevent electoral conflict in Ghanas nascent democracy. More importantly, the study looks at how to strengthen the capacity of the EC in order to make it efficient in the management and prevention of electoral conflict. The study is predicated on the hypothesis that an independent, transparent, credible electoral administration and involvement of stakeholders in the electoral process are critical to the management and prevention of electoral conflicts. Also, the study is hinged on the liberal democratic theoretical matrix which explains the role of democratic institutions such as the electoral management body in the management and prevention of conflict in a democratic dispensation.The thematic concerns of the study were achieved through in depth analysis of secondary data which constitutes the findings of the study. The study has established that the constitutional autonomy of the EC granted by the 1992 Constitution of the Republic of Ghana, ECs ability to assert its autonomy, introduction of confidence, trust and transparent measures are the main conflict management tools employed by the EC in the management of electoral conflict in Ghana. The study particularly discovered that the establishment of Inter Party Advisory Committee (IPAC) to create the platform for the EC, political parties and civil society organisations to dialogue on issues regarding the electoral process and involvement of both domestic and international election observer groups in the electoral process by the EC have been a catalyst in the ECs role in the management of electoral conflicts in Ghana. The study however notes bloated voter register, inadequate civic education, weak early warning system, insufficient resources and institutional weaknesses among others as the challenges militating against the ECs quest to manage and prevent electoral conflict in Ghana.In the concluding reflections, the need for adequate funding, investment in civic education, establishment of conflict management panels, thorough cleaning of the voter register and establishment of early warning systems are proposed by the study to enhance the ECs role in the management of electoral conflict in Ghana.
Author:
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 77
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