Egypt's Economic Relations with the Soviet Bloc and the United States PDF Download
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Author: Ahmad Asad Murad
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Egypt
Languages : en
Pages : 592
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Book Description
Author: Ahmad Asad Murad
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Egypt
Languages : en
Pages : 592
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Book Description
Author: Library of Congress. Legislative Reference Service
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Middle East
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
Author: William J. Burns
Publisher: State University of New York Press
ISBN: 0791498069
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 316
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Book Description
Gamal Abdel Nasser's 1955 decision to barter Egyptian cotton for Soviet bloc weaponry thrust Egypt onto center stage in the Cold War in the Middle East. What Egypt needed most, and what the United States was uniquely equipped to provide, was economic aid. For the Egyptian government--eager to take rapid strides toward economic development but crippled by a burgeoning population, a paucity of arable land, and a meager reserve of foreign exchange--American economic aid promised to serve as an enormously important crutch. For American policymakers, economic assistance appeared to be an ideal means of developing American influence in Egypt. Few aid relationships in the last three decades can match the drama and significance of the U.S.-Egyptian experience. This study shows how the American government attempted to use its economic aid program to induce or coerce Egypt to support U.S. interests in the Middle East in the quarter century following the 1955 Czech-Egyptian arms agreement. William J. Burns has analyzed recently released government documents and interviews with former policymakers to throw light on the use of aid as a tool of American policy toward the Nasser regime. He also offers valuable observations on the role of the American economic assistance program in the Sadat era.
Author: United States. Department of State. External Research Division
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Communist countries
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
Author: U.s. Army Command and General Staff College
Publisher: CreateSpace
ISBN: 9781500568238
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
Foreign aid is considered a continuation of diplomacy by other means and a tool of foreign policy. However, in the current lean economic times, the competition for limited budgetary resources is fierce and the effectiveness of U.S. foreign aid at projecting U.S. influence is hotly debated within the government and the American public. This research builds on previous studies by examining the use of foreign aid as a U.S. foreign policy tool in Egypt and Israel through select historical examples from the 1950s and 1960s. The United States considers the Middle East stability to be a top national security priority and Israel and Egypt are important, influential players in the region. This research analyzed U.S. military and economic aid and the corresponding foreign policy objectives for amount and type of aid given to Israel and Egypt during this time period. U.S. foreign policy objectives were identified in the documents of the Foreign Relations of the United States. The resulting responses of Israel and Egypt were identified to infer the effectiveness of using U.S. foreign aid at achieving the U.S. foreign policy objectives. The historical review of the foreign relations of the United States for Egypt and Israel during the 1950s and 1960s showed that the United States attempted to use foreign aid to maintain influence with Israel and Egypt as well as to counter communism in the region. However, the historical examples for Israel and Egypt showed that foreign aid was an ineffectual tool of foreign policy when the priorities of the giver and the recipient are not aligned. When U.S. foreign policy objectives for the aid were at opposition to Israel's political agenda, Israel was able to out-maneuver, delay, and finally outlast the United States during the negotiations for key military aid that Israel considered necessary for its security. For Egypt, the incentive of U.S. foreign aid had little influence on directing Egyptian policies away from the Soviet Union toward the United States when the Soviet Union was an alternative source of aid with seemingly no strings attached.
Author: Karen Dawisha
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 296
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Book Description
Author: Rami Ginat
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000805905
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 266
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Book Description
The Soviet Union and Egypt, first published in 1993, sheds new light on Soviet policy towards the Middle East after 1945. It seeks to uncover and analyse the events leading to the eventual domination of Egypt and other Arab countries by the Soviet Union. Soviet penetration into the region can only be understood by tracing the roots and motives of Soviet policy after the Second World War. The strengthening of Soviet influence resulted from a process of gradual political and ideological development in Egypt. Special attention is drawn to domestic and foreign developments in both countries, and the book makes extensive use of recently declassified documents and primary sources.
Author: Steven A. Cook
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 019992080X
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 433
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Book Description
The recent revolution in Egypt has shaken the Arab world to its roots. The most populous Arab country and the historical center of Arab intellectual life, Egypt is a lynchpin of the US's Middle East strategy, receiving more aid than any nation except Israel. This is not the first time that the world and has turned its gaze to Egypt, however. A half century ago, Egypt under Nasser became the putative leader of the Arab world and a beacon for all developing nations. Yet in the decades prior to the 2011 revolution, it was ruled over by a sclerotic regime plagued by nepotism and corruption. During that time, its economy declined into near shambles, a severely overpopulated Cairo fell into disrepair, and it produced scores of violent Islamic extremists such as Ayman al-Zawahiri and Mohammed Atta. In this new and updated paperback edition of The Struggle for Egypt, Steven Cook--a Senior Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations--explains how this parlous state of affairs came to be, why the revolution occurred, and where Egypt is headed now. A sweeping account of Egypt in the modern era, it incisively chronicles all of the nation's central historical episodes: the decline of British rule, the rise of Nasser and his quest to become a pan-Arab leader, Egypt's decision to make peace with Israel and ally with the United States, the assassination of Sadat, the emergence of the Muslim Brotherhood, and--finally--the demonstrations that convulsed Tahrir Square and overthrew an entrenched regime. And for the paperback edition, Cook has updated the book to include coverage of the recent political events in Egypt, including the election of the Muslim Brotherhood's Mohamed Morsi as President. Throughout Egypt's history, there has been an intense debate to define what Egypt is, what it stands for, and its relation to the world. Egyptians now have an opportunity to finally answer these questions. Doing so in a way that appeals to the vast majority of Egyptians, Cook notes, will be difficult but ultimately necessary if Egypt is to become an economically dynamic and politically vibrant society.
Author: United States. Department of State
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Economic assistance
Languages : en
Pages : 124
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Book Description
Author: United States. Department of State. External Research Division
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
