Effects of Sex Steroids and Diet on Adipose Distribution and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors PDF Download
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Author: Jennifer M. Shultz
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 282
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Book Description
Author: Jennifer M. Shultz
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 282
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Book Description
Author: Andrea Dunaif
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1597451088
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 361
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Book Description
This volume includes the latest diagnostic criteria for PCOS and comprises the most up-to-date information about the genetic features and pathogenesis of PCOS. It critically reviews the methodological approaches and the evidence for various PCOS susceptibility genes. The book also discusses additional familial phenotypes of PCOS and their potential genetic basis. All four editors of this title are extremely prominent in the field of PCOS.
Author: Gail A. Laughlin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Atherosclerosis
Languages : en
Pages : 320
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Book Description
The biological factors underlying the greater risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in men than women remain unclear. Endogenous sex hormones, as well as sex-differences in fat distribution and fat-derived hormones, are potential candidates. The goal of this dissertation was to describe the cross-sectional and prospective association of the adipocytokine, adiponectin, with cardiovascular disease and mortality, and its modulation by endogenous sex hormones. Sex-specific analyses were performed using data from 1513 participants of the Rancho Bernardo Study, a population based cohort of older adults. We observed a favorable association between adiponectin and most CHD risk factors, adiponectin levels were positively related to age, alcohol intake and HDL cholesterol, and negatively associated with male sex, waist girth, body mass index, insulin resistance and triglycerides. Current literature reasons that lower adiponectin levels in men compared to women must be due to either a suppressive effect of testosterone or a stimulatory effect of estrogens. Our results are contrary to both of these hypotheses and provide credible evidence that regulation by sex hormones does not account for the sex difference in serum adiponectin in older adults. Higher testosterone and lower bioavailable estradiol were each associated with higher levels of adiponectin in both sexes, independent of age, adiposity, lifestyle, insulin resistance, or lipoproteins. Higher adiponectin levels had a protective association with prevalent CHD for both men and women, which seemed to be primarily mediated by HDL cholesterol and triglycerides. In prospective analyses, higher adiponectin concentrations predicted reduced risk of non-fatal myocardial infarction over the following 20 years in men, but not women. Adiponectin was not associated with 20 year CHD mortality in either sex, and adiponectin levels above the 80th percentile for this population were associated with increased risk of cardiovascular death and of death from all causes. We found no evidence that endogenous sex hormones modulated the link between adiponectin and CHD risk. We conclude that neither adiponectin, nor its interaction with endogenous sex hormones, is likely to provide a foundation for reconciling sex differences in CHD.
Author: R. Pasquali
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN: 3318064718
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 201
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Book Description
Hyperandrogenism profoundly affects women’s lives from lowering self-esteem to changing cognition and affective motivation. The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common androgen excess disorder worldwide. While it is not the focus of this book, some aspects are discussed. The aim of this book is to improve understanding of androgen excess and its impact on several conditions. Topics include development of adipose tissue in females, insulin sensitivity, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, and Cushing’s disease/syndrome. There is also a discussion of PCOS with emphasis on in utero origins and specific genetic and epigenetic factors. This book provides a wealth of relevant information for every endocrinologist and gynecologist who wants to broaden their knowledge of androgens in various conditions.
Author: Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319701789
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 630
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Book Description
The book provides a reference for years to come, written by world-renowned expert investigators studying sex differences, the role of sex hormones, the systems biology of sex, and the genetic contribution of sex chromosomes to metabolic homeostasis and diseases. In this volume, leaders of the pharmaceutical industry present their views on sex-specific drug discovery. Many of the authors presented at the Keystone Symposium on “Sex and gender factors affecting metabolic homeostasis, diabetes and obesity” to be held in March 2017 in Lake Tahoe, CA. This book will generate new knowledge and ideas on the importance of gender biology and medicine from a molecular standpoint to the population level and to provide the methods to study them. It is intended to be a catalyst leading to gender-specific treatments of metabolic diseases. There are fundamental aspects of metabolic homeostasis that are regulated differently in males and females, and influence both the development of diabetes and obesity and the response to pharmacological intervention. Still, most preclinical researchers avoid studying female rodents due to the added complexity of research plans. The consequence is a generation of data that risks being relevant to only half of the population. This is a timely moment to publish a book on sex differences in diseases as NIH leadership has asked scientists to consider sex as a biological variable in preclinical research, to ensure that women get the same benefit of medical research as men.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309039940
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 765
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Book Description
Diet and Health examines the many complex issues concerning diet and its role in increasing or decreasing the risk of chronic disease. It proposes dietary recommendations for reducing the risk of the major diseases and causes of death today: atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (including heart attack and stroke), cancer, high blood pressure, obesity, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, and dental caries.
Author: Yihai Cao
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461480698
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 374
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Book Description
Angiogenesis has recently played a critical role in regulation of adipose tissue expansion and regression. Like most other tissues in the body, adipose expansion and regression is accompanied by alteration of blood vessel density and structures. The vascular alteration plays an active role in regulation of adipose tissue size and functions. Targeting blood vessels in the adipose tissue have demonstrated to be a novel approach for possibly treatment of cancer, obesity and other metabolic diseases. This book provides the most updated information on this type research and discusses future opportunities for therapy..
Author: Jan Gordeladze
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9535129953
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 254
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Book Description
This book is the first in a series of two, featuring the Adiposity - Epidemiology and Treatment Modalities, serving as a summary of the traditional views on how the organ systems are affected when higher organs start to suffer from enhanced body weight, where most of this additional weight consists of white adipose tissue (WAT). The understanding of the "epidemiology" of obesity will consequently enable clinicians and researchers to better understand the untoward "trends" of "metabolic aberrations" from a well-organized and health-bringing homeostasis, with fully responding WAT and BAT, thus enabling a balance between fat-producing and fat-metabolizing tissues for the benefit of the various organ systems taking care of the fat and carbohydrate metabolism, normally yielding a balanced energy turnover, ensuring "healthy" cell phenotypes, which optimally coordinate the energy metabolism in a well-functioning organism throughout a lifetime.
Author: Ronald Ross Watson
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0124079342
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 559
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Book Description
Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Abdominal Obesity focuses on the important roles that exercise, dietary changes, and foods play in promoting as well as reducing visceral fat. Nutritionists, dieticians, and healthcare providers seeking to address the abdominal obesity epidemic will use this comprehensive resource as a tool in their long-term goal of preventing chronic diseases, especially heart, vascular, and diabetic diseases. Experts from a broad range of disciplines are involved in dealing with the consequences of excessive abdominal fat: cardiology, diabetes research, studies of lipids, endocrinology and metabolism, nutrition, obesity, and exercise physiology. They have contributed chapters that define a range of dietary approaches to reducing risk and associated chronic diseases. They begin by defining visceral obesity and its major outcomes; they also discuss the importance and the challenges of dietary approaches to reduce abdominal obesity, as compared to clinical approaches, with major costs and risks. - Offers detailed, well-documented reviews outlining the various dietary approaches to visceral obesity with their benefits and failures - Includes chapters on types of foods, exercise, and supplements in reducing obesity and its chronic clinical companions, especially diabetes and cardiovascular disease - Helps nutritionists, dieticians, and healthcare providers approach patients in making decision about nutritional therapies and clinical treatments for abdominal obesity, from an evidence-based perspective
Author: Carsten Carlberg
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319304151
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 237
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Book Description
The fascinating area of Nutrigenomics describes this daily communication between diet, food and nutrients, their metabolites and our genome. This book describes how nutrition shapes human evolution and demonstrates its consequences for our susceptibility to diseases, such as diabetes and atherosclerosis. Inappropriate diet can yield stress for our cells, tissues and organs and then it is often associated with low-grade chronic inflammation. Overnutrition paired with physical inactivity leads to overweight and obesity and results in increased burden for a body that originally was adapted for a life in the savannas of East Africa. Therefore, this textbook does not discuss a theoretical topic in science, but it talks about real life, and our life-long “chat” with diet. We are all food consumers, thus each of us is concerned by the topic of this book and should be aware of its mechanisms. The purpose of this book is to provide an overview on the principles of nutrigenomics and their relation to health or disease. We are not aiming to compete with more comprehensive textbooks on molecular nutrition, evolutionary biology, genomics, gene regulation or metabolic diseases, but rather will focus on the essentials and will combine, in a compact form, elements from different disciplines. In order to facilitate the latter, we favor a high figure-to-text ratio following the rule “a picture tells more than thousand words”. The content of this book is based on the lecture course “Nutrigenomics”, which is held since 2003 once per year by Prof. Carlberg at the University of Eastern Finland in Kuopio. The book is subdivided into three sections and twelve chapters. Following the "Introduction" there are sections on the "Molecular genetic basis" and the "Links to disease", which take a view on nutrigenomics from the perspective of molecular mechanisms or from the causes of metabolic diseases, respectively. Besides its value as a textbook, Nutrigenomics will be a usefull reference for individuals working in biomedicine.
