Effects of Roughage Level and Calcium Magnesium Carbonate Buffer on Ruminal Metabolism and Site and Extent of Digestion in Beef Steers Fed on a High-grain Diet PDF Download
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Author: Christi Diane Keeler
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 120
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Author: Christi Diane Keeler
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 120
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Livestock
Languages : en
Pages : 680
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medicine
Languages : en
Pages : 1212
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![Proceedings [of the ] Semi-annual Meeting PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/QjlaAAAAYAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
Author: American Feed Manufacturers' Association. Nutrition Council
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Feeds
Languages : en
Pages : 626
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Author: Megan Cheri Westerhold
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 80
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Efficiency in ruminants has historically been improved by using antibiotics and ionophores to alter rumen fermentation. Nutritionists, however, have begun searching for alternative rumen modifiers due to the negative attention received by non-therapeutic antibiotic use. Plant extracts, like essential oils, are being explored as a potential alternative to alter fermentation and improve growth and efficiency in ruminants. Essential oils are naturally occurring, secondary metabolites that can be distilled or extracted from most plants and possess antimicrobial properties. Next Enhance® (NE, Novus International Inc.) is comprised of garlic (diallyl disulfide) and cinnamon (cinnamaldehyde) extracts; both have demonstrated the ability to modify fermentation. A series of experiments was conducted to determine how feeding NE affects in vitro fermentation, site and extent of nutrient digestion, feedlot performance, carcass traits, meat quality, and consumer sensory characteristics of LM steaks from beef steers. The first experiment in this thesis examined how feedlot steer performance and carcass traits were affected by NE feeding. ADG and G:F were improved early in the feeding period by 150 mg·hd-1 ·d-1 targeted NE inclusion. DMI, overall ADG, and overall G:F were not affected by NE inclusion. All NE levels improved dressing percent, 12th rib backfat, LM area, and calculated USDA yield grade. Steers fed 150 mg·hd-1 ·d-1 NE yielded carcasses worth nearly $30 more than control steers. LM steaks were obtained from five head/treatment and used to evaluate meat quality and consumer sensory characteristics. L*, a*, and b* color values were not affected by TRT on d 0 or 14. Cook loss percent was increased when low NE levels were fed but decreased by high NE doses. Warner-Bratzler shear force, and percent drip loss, moisture, and fat were not affected by NE inclusion. A consumer sensory panel reported no difference in beef steer LM steak organoleptic properties due to NE. NE inclusion at 150-300 mg·hd-1 ·d-1 improved beef steer carcass traits and total carcass value while achieving feedlot performance, meat quality, and consumer acceptance not different from non-supplemented steers. A continuous culture fermentation experiment and a cannulated steer study were conducted to see if observed animal performance and carcass improvements could be explained by NE effects on ruminal fermentation or site and extent of nutrient digestibility. In vitro, NE inclusion at 15-120 mg·kg-1 DM increased nutrient digestibility, microbial N flow, and microbial efficiency. Total VFA, acetate, ammonia, and peptide production were not affected by NE inclusion in vitro. In cannulated steers, NE inclusion at 15-30 mg·kg-1 increased N degradation and decreased NDF digestibility in the rumen, while all NE levels increased microbial N production. Increased protein degradation and microbial N flow during lean tissue growth could contribute to the increased calf performance early in the feeding trial. If consistent results can be achieved, NE could be an alternative to ionophores.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies
ISBN: 0309049970
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 94
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In the past decade, animal scientists have learned that administering recombinantly derived somatotropin (growth hormone) to cows improves milk production and that giving beta-adrenergic agonists to meat animals improves productivity and leanness. In order for these metabolic modifiers to yield benefits, however, sound management of the animals' nutrition is necessary. This volume reports on how these substances work in the animals' metabolism, what effects they might have on nutrient requirements of domestic livestock, and what information should be developed further by investigators. The book explores the current understanding of the biology, structure, mechanisms of action, and treatment effects of somatotropin, beta-adrenergic agonists, and anabolic steroids. A companion volume to the Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals series, this authoritative volume will be required reading for animal scientists, researchers, veterinarians, livestock farmers, and faculty and students in university animal veterinary science programs.
Author: United States. Consumer and Marketing Service
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Livestock
Languages : en
Pages : 24
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Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309069971
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 406
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Book Description
This widely used reference has been updated and revamped to reflect the changing face of the dairy industry. New features allow users to pinpoint nutrient requirements more accurately for individual animals. The committee also provides guidance on how nutrient analysis of feed ingredients, insights into nutrient utilization by the animal, and formulation of diets to reduce environmental impacts can be applied to productive management decisions. The book includes a user-friendly computer program on a compact disk, accompanied by extensive context-sensitive "Help" options, to simulate the dynamic state of animals. The committee addresses important issues unique to dairy science-the dry or transition cow, udder edema, milk fever, low-fat milk, calf dehydration, and more. The also volume covers dry matter intake, including how to predict feed intake. It addresses the management of lactating dairy cows, utilization of fat in calf and lactation diets, and calf and heifer replacement nutrition. In addition, the many useful tables include updated nutrient composition for commonly used feedstuffs.
Author: Maja Słupczyńska
Publisher: Tudás Alapítvány
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 332
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Livestock nutrition is one of the most important issue in animal production both in physiological-economic terms as well as the impact of livestock on the environment. The handbook „Rational livestock nutrition in rural areas” has been funded with support from the European Commission under Erasmus + programme – Cooperation for innovation and good practice. The book has been developed by experts in various fields of agriculture – animal nutrition and feed science, animal husbandry, agronomy and veterinary medicine. The authors of this book, originating from five different countries – Poland, Turkey, Romania, Italy and Hungary by working within the framework of the established Strategic Partnership – Vocational Education and Training have developed a comprehensive compendium aimed at transfer of knowledge, good practice and innovation in the field of agriculture with emphasis on rational nutrition of livestock. The book covers five broad issues of livestock nutrition. Chapter one – „Physiology of Nutrition”, is related to the anatomy and functions of particular organs of the farm animals’ digestive tracts, type of nutrients found in the livestock diets, as well digestion, absorption and metabolism of these compounds. An extensive characteristics of most common used in animal nutrition feeds, their processing, feed additives as well as the mechanism of their action are presented in the second chapter – „Feed and Feed Additives”. The chapter number three – „Animal Feeding Systems in Europe” in a synthetic way explains the fundamentals of commonly used feeding systems of ruminants, pigs, poultry, horses and rabbits. This chapter also provides several schemes of daily rations/concentrate mixtures formulation for various farm animal species. An extensive chapter number four is dedicated to animal welfare as well etiology, treatment and prevention of metabolic diseases in animals that livestock breeders are struggling every day. Last but not least, the fifth chapter raises issues related to livestock production in terms of environmental and legal conditions under the common agricultural policy of member countries. The possibilities of reducing the negative impact of livestock production on the environment, so called „good practices” are discussed in this chapter. The book “Rational Livestock Nutrition in Rural Areas” is intended for people involved in animal production – mainly farmers but it can also be used by agricultural and nutritional consultants, zootechnical service workers. Students of vocational agricultural schools and, to some extent, students of natural and agricultural universities may benefit this book as well.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 2312
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Book Description
