Effects of Low- and High-intensity Single-leg Resistance Exercise on the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase ERK1/2 Family Signal Transduction Response in Skeletal Muscle of Untrained Males PDF Download
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Author: Lemuel W. Taylor
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Exercise
Languages : en
Pages : 141
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Book Description
Acute resistance exercise signals responses in the body to promote adaptations to the exercise stimulus. One key response during and following exercise is the role of signal transduction in the skeletal muscle (MAPK family) and its downstream effects on muscular adaptation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the differential response of a prominent signal transduction pathway following a high-(HI) and a low-intensity (LI) bout of acute resistance exercise. Participants completed a single-legged bout of HI (8-10 reps at 85% of 1-RM) and LI (18-20 reps at 65% of 1-RM) resistance exercise designed to reach muscular fatigue in a randomized, crossover design. Venous blood and muscle biopsies were taken at PRE, 30PST, 2HRPST, and 6HRPST for the two resistance exercise sessions (RES), with an additional blood draw occurring at POST time point. Serum analyses included cortisol, insulin, GH, IGF-1, and IGFBP-3. Muscle analyses included phosphorylated IGF-1R, MEK1, ERK1/2, and activated Elk-1. Statistical analyses utilized a 2X4 MANOVA for muscle and a 2X5 MANOVA for serum variables on delta responses (p>0.05). RES resulted significant increases in cortisol (p
Author: Lemuel W. Taylor
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Exercise
Languages : en
Pages : 141
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Book Description
Acute resistance exercise signals responses in the body to promote adaptations to the exercise stimulus. One key response during and following exercise is the role of signal transduction in the skeletal muscle (MAPK family) and its downstream effects on muscular adaptation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the differential response of a prominent signal transduction pathway following a high-(HI) and a low-intensity (LI) bout of acute resistance exercise. Participants completed a single-legged bout of HI (8-10 reps at 85% of 1-RM) and LI (18-20 reps at 65% of 1-RM) resistance exercise designed to reach muscular fatigue in a randomized, crossover design. Venous blood and muscle biopsies were taken at PRE, 30PST, 2HRPST, and 6HRPST for the two resistance exercise sessions (RES), with an additional blood draw occurring at POST time point. Serum analyses included cortisol, insulin, GH, IGF-1, and IGFBP-3. Muscle analyses included phosphorylated IGF-1R, MEK1, ERK1/2, and activated Elk-1. Statistical analyses utilized a 2X4 MANOVA for muscle and a 2X5 MANOVA for serum variables on delta responses (p>0.05). RES resulted significant increases in cortisol (p
Author: Colin D. Wilborn
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Exercise
Languages : en
Pages : 127
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Book Description
A single bout of resistance training is capable of activating the expression of many diverse groups of genes including myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms and the myogenic regulatory factors (MRF). However, the role of exercise intensity in regards to the effects on transcription and protein synthesis are not well defined. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise intensity on MRF mRNA and protein and MHC mRNA isoforms. Thirteen male participants (21.5 " 2.9 yrs, 86.1 " 19.5 kg, 69.7 " 2.7in) completed two bouts [low-intensity (LI = 65% 1-RM) and high-intensity (HI = 85% 1-RM)] of single-legged resistance exercise. The resistance exercise bout consisted of four sets of leg press and leg extension. Muscle biopsies were obtained from each leg immediately before exercise (PRE), and at 30 minutes (30MPST), 2 hours (2HRPST), and 6 hours (6HRPST) following each resistance exercise bout. Data were analyzed using RT-PCR for mRNA expression and ELISA for protein expression. Statistical analyses were performed by utilizing a 2 x 4 MANOVA (level of significance was set at p
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 774
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Book Description
Author: Maria Pontes Ferreira
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Branched chain amino acids
Languages : en
Pages : 109
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Book Description
Purpose: To determine if activity of the MAPK-ERK or PI3K-mTOR insulin signaling pathway is increased in response to an acute lower body resistance exercise (RE) bout and supplemental BCAA + CHO or CHO ingestion. Methods: 27 recreationally trained males (20.9 y; 81.8 kg) were randomly assigned to a group: BCAA (30 g) + CHO (350 g), CHO (350 g) or placebo CON. Participants performed 4 sets of leg press and extensions at 80% 1RM to failure. Supplements were ingested at 3 time points: 30 min prior to RE, and immediately pre- and post-RE. Venous blood was sampled at baseline (Pre); 30 min post-exercise; 2 h post-exercise, and 6 h post-exercise for serum glucose and insulin. Blood variables were transformed to percent change values and analyzed by a 3 x 4 repeated measures MANOVA. Muscle biopsies were obtained at baseline, 30 min post-exercise, 2 h post-exercise and 6 h post-exercise for ERK1/2, IRS, Akt/PKB, GSK, mTOR, 4E-BP1, and P70S6K. Skeletal muscle variables were transformed to percent change values and analyzed by 3 x 4 repeated measures MANOVA. Univariate ANOVAs were utilized as follow-up tests to the MANOVA for select variables. Results: MANOVA results demonstrate a significant group x time interaction for insulin and glucose (P
Author: Mark Hargreaves
Publisher: Human Kinetics
ISBN: 9780736041034
Category : Energy metabolism
Languages : en
Pages : 320
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Book Description
A comprehensive reference for biochemists, sport nutritionists, exercise physiologists, and graduate students in those disciplines. Provides information on the metabolic processes that take place during exercise, examining in depth the mobilization and utilization of substrates during physical activity. Focuses primarily on the skeletal muscle, but also discusses the roles of the liver and adipose tissue. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Author: Adam Sharples
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 135161701X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 359
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Book Description
Fully revised and expanded, the second edition of Molecular Exercise Physiology offers a student-friendly introduction. It introduces a history documenting the emergence of molecular biology techniques to investigate exercise physiology, the methodology used, exercise genetics and epigenetics, and the molecular mechanisms that lead to adaptation after different types of exercise, with explicit links to outcomes in sport performance, nutrition, physical activity and clinical exercise. Structured around key topics in sport and exercise science and featuring contributions from pioneering scientists, such as Nobel Prize winners, this edition includes new chapters based on cutting-edge research in epigenetics and muscle memory, satellite cells, exercise in cancer, at altitude, and in hot and cold climates. Chapters include learning objectives, structured guides to further reading, review questions, overviews of work by key researchers and box discussions from important pioneers in the field, making it a complete resource for any molecular exercise physiology course. The book includes cell and molecular biology laboratory methods for dissertation and research projects in molecular exercise physiology and muscle physiology. This book is essential reading for upper-level undergraduate or postgraduate courses in cellular and molecular exercise physiology and muscle physiology. It is a valuable resource for any student with an advanced interest in exercise physiology in both sport performance and clinical settings.
Author: Ning Chen
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811645256
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 267
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Book Description
This book establishes a bridge between exercise-mediated functional status of autophagy and non-communicable chronic diseases for elucidating and clarifying the corresponding signal pathways and underlying mechanisms. The book consists of 13 chapters focusing on the in-depth discussion on signal pathways for regulating the functional status of autophagy for the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of chronic diseases, the optimization of exercise intervention strategies for common and frequently-occurring chronic diseases, and the development of exercise mimetic pills for the persons with disability for exercise performance, or the persons without willing to exercise. This book is interesting and will be useful to a wide readership in the various fields of exercise science, exercise fitness, sports medicine, preventive medicine, and functional foods.
Author: Stéphane Walrand
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128104104
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 590
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Book Description
Nutrition and Skeletal Muscle provides coverage of the evidence of dietary components that have proven beneficial for bettering adverse changes in skeletal muscle from disuse and aging. Skeletal muscle is the largest tissue in the body, providing elements of contraction and locomotion and acting as an important contributor to whole body protein and amino metabolism, glucose disposal and lipid metabolism. However, muscle loss, atrophy or weakness can occur when there are metabolic imbalances, disuse or aging. This book addresses the topic by providing insight and research from international leaders, making it the go-to reference for those in skeletal muscle physiology. Provides an understanding of the crucial role of skeletal muscle in global metabolic homeostasis regulation Delivers the information needed to understand the utilization of crucial supplements for the preservation of skeletal muscle Presents insights on research from international leaders in the field
Author: Brad J. Schoenfeld
Publisher: Human Kinetics
ISBN: 1492585920
Category : Sports & Recreation
Languages : en
Pages : 224
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Book Description
Muscle hypertrophy—defined as an increase in muscular size—is one of the primary outcomes of resistance training. Science and Development of Muscle Hypertrophy is a comprehensive compilation of science-based principles to help professionals develop muscle hypertrophy in athletes and clients. With more than 825 references and applied guidelines throughout, no other resource offers a comparable quantity of content solely focused on muscle hypertrophy. Readers will find up-to-date content so they fully understand the science of muscle hypertrophy and its application to designing training programs. Written by Brad Schoenfeld, PhD, a leading authority on muscle hypertrophy, this text provides strength and conditioning professionals, personal trainers, sport scientists, researchers, and exercise science instructors with a definitive resource for information regarding muscle hypertrophy—the mechanism of its development, how the body structurally and hormonally changes when exposed to stress, ways to most effectively design training programs, and current nutrition guidelines for eliciting hypertrophic changes. The full-color book offers several features to make the content accessible to readers: • Research Findings sidebars highlight the aspects of muscle hypertrophy currently being examined to encourage readers to re-evaluate their knowledge and ensure their training practices are up to date. • Practical Applications sidebars outline how to apply the research conclusions for maximal hypertrophic development. • Comprehensive subject and author indexes optimize the book’s utility as a reference tool. • An image bank containing most of the art, photos, and tables from the text allows instructors and presenters to easily teach the material outlined in the book. Although muscle hypertrophy can be attained through a range of training programs, this text allows readers to understand and apply the specific responses and mechanisms that promote optimal muscle hypertrophy in their athletes and clients. It explores how genetic background, age, sex, and other factors have been shown to mediate the hypertrophic response to exercise, affecting both the rate and the total gain in lean muscle mass. Sample programs in the text show how to design a three- or four-day-per-week undulating periodized program and a modified linear periodized program for maximizing muscular development. Science and Development of Muscle Hypertrophy is an invaluable resource for strength and conditioning professionals seeking to maximize hypertrophic gains and those searching for the most comprehensive, authoritative, and current research in the field.
Author: Claude Bouchard
Publisher: Champaign, IL : Human Kinetics Publishers
ISBN:
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 1088
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Book Description
Can health-care costs be reduced by increasing the overall level of physical activity? What part does heredity play in physical fitness? How does exercise affect the immune system? What is the relationship between physical activity and hypertension?
