Effect of Prenatal Zinc Supplementation on Malarial Morbidity, Pregnancy Anaemia and Birth Weight PDF Download
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Author: Mahama Saaka
Publisher: Universal-Publishers
ISBN: 1599426951
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 300
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Book Description
Anaemia and malaria are two related problems of public health significance in malaria-endemic countries, including Ghana, that continue to impact negatively on pregnancy outcomes, despite interventions being put in place to address them. The reasons for the apparent lack of efficacy of routine iron supplementation in reducing the risks of preterm and other adverse pregnancy outcomes are not clearly established in Ghana. It is not also known whether all pregnant women benefit from iron supplementation and whether there are some other factors that limit the effectiveness of prenatal iron supplementation. This study tested the primary hypothesis that prenatal zinc supplementation in combination with malaria prophylaxis and an iron and folic acid intervention package in a zinc-deficient and malaria-endemic population will increase mean birth weight. A prospective double-blind, randomised controlled trial (RCT) was therefore conducted in Ghana from September 2005 to November 2006. The intervention group received combined 40 mg zinc as zinc gluconate and 40 mg elemental iron as ferrous sulphate supplement. The control group received 40 mg elemental iron as ferrous sulphate. Both groups received also malaria chemoprophylaxis, with sulfadoxine pyrimethamine (SP) and 400 μg folic acid. The effect of iron-zinc supplementation on mean birth weight, geometric mean plasma zinc concentrations, mean Hb change and geometric mean serum ferritin concentrations at 34-36 weeks of gestation was masked by a strong interaction between supplement type and the iron status of participants. Overall, prenatal iron-zinc supplementation resulted in no detectable difference in mean birth weight and length of gestation between iron-zinc supplemented group and the group that received standard routine antenatal services. However, among anaemic women (Hb
Author: Mahama Saaka
Publisher: Universal-Publishers
ISBN: 1599426951
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 300
Get Book Here
Book Description
Anaemia and malaria are two related problems of public health significance in malaria-endemic countries, including Ghana, that continue to impact negatively on pregnancy outcomes, despite interventions being put in place to address them. The reasons for the apparent lack of efficacy of routine iron supplementation in reducing the risks of preterm and other adverse pregnancy outcomes are not clearly established in Ghana. It is not also known whether all pregnant women benefit from iron supplementation and whether there are some other factors that limit the effectiveness of prenatal iron supplementation. This study tested the primary hypothesis that prenatal zinc supplementation in combination with malaria prophylaxis and an iron and folic acid intervention package in a zinc-deficient and malaria-endemic population will increase mean birth weight. A prospective double-blind, randomised controlled trial (RCT) was therefore conducted in Ghana from September 2005 to November 2006. The intervention group received combined 40 mg zinc as zinc gluconate and 40 mg elemental iron as ferrous sulphate supplement. The control group received 40 mg elemental iron as ferrous sulphate. Both groups received also malaria chemoprophylaxis, with sulfadoxine pyrimethamine (SP) and 400 μg folic acid. The effect of iron-zinc supplementation on mean birth weight, geometric mean plasma zinc concentrations, mean Hb change and geometric mean serum ferritin concentrations at 34-36 weeks of gestation was masked by a strong interaction between supplement type and the iron status of participants. Overall, prenatal iron-zinc supplementation resulted in no detectable difference in mean birth weight and length of gestation between iron-zinc supplemented group and the group that received standard routine antenatal services. However, among anaemic women (Hb
Author: Tessa M. Wardlaw
Publisher: UNICEF
ISBN: 9280638327
Category : Birth weight, Low
Languages : en
Pages : 31
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Book Description
Presents country, regional and global estimates of low birthweight for 2000, together with a detailed description of the methodology used. Some limited data on trends are also included.
Author: Saurabh Mehta
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351058185
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 326
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Book Description
The world continues to lose more than a million lives each year to the HIV epidemic, and nearly two million individuals were infected with HIV in 2017 alone. The new Sustainable Development Goals, adopted by countries of the United Nations in September 2015, include a commitment to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030. Considerable emphasis on prevention of new infections and treatment of those living with HIV will be needed to make this goal achievable. With nearly 37 million people now living with HIV, it is a communicable disease that behaves like a noncommunicable disease. Nutritional management is integral to comprehensive HIV care and treatment. Improved nutritional status and weight gain can increase recovery and strength of individuals living with HIV/AIDS, improve dietary diversity and caloric intake, and improve quality of life. This book highlights evidence-based research linking nutrition and HIV and identifies research gaps to inform the development of guidelines and policies for the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. A comprehensive approach that includes nutritional interventions is likely to maximize the benefit of antiretroviral therapy in preventing HIV disease progression and other adverse outcomes in HIV-infected men and women. Modification of nutritional status has been shown to enhance the quality of life of those suffering HIV/AIDS, both physically in terms of improved body mass index and immunological markers, and psychologically, by improving symptoms of depression. While the primary focus for those infected should remain on antiretroviral treatment and increasing its availability and coverage, improvement of nutritional status plays a complementary role in the management of HIV infection.
Author: Sue Pavord
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108548377
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 362
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Book Description
Understand the rapidly growing complexities of obstetric hematology and high-risk pregnancy management, with experts in the field. Now in its second edition, this comprehensive and essential guide focuses on providing the best support for patients and clinical staff, to prevent serious complications in pregnancy and the post-partum period for both mother and baby. Wide-ranging and detailed, the guide offers discussions on basic principles of best care, through to tackling lesser-known hematological conditions, such as cytopenias and hemoglobinopathies. Updated with color illustrations, cutting-edge research, accurate blood film reproductions, and practical case studies, the revised edition places invaluable advice into everyday context. This unique resource is essential reading for trainees and practitioners in obstetrics, anesthesia, and hematology, as well as midwives, nurses, and laboratory staff. Clarifying difficult procedures for disease prevention, the guide ensures safety when the stakes are high. Reflecting current evidence-based guidelines, the updated volume is key to improving pregnancy outcomes worldwide.
Author: Ronald Ross Watson
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 162703224X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 477
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Book Description
Nutrition in Infancy: Volume 1 is a very useful resource for all clinicians treating and preventing nutritional problems in infants. This volume covers a wide range of topics that support wellness in infants through the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases, malnutrition, and developmental and genetic abnormalities. A variety of chapters deal with nutrients for infants with disabilities, surgery, and other special needs. Special emphasis is provided for clinicians treating the millions of children in developing countries whose death is promoted by undernutrition or malnutrition. The next sections discuss the health benefits of supplementation and breast feeding and methods to improve use of berast feeding and it’s duration. In Nutrition in Infancy: Volume 1, all of these facets of nutrition and nutritional therapy are covered in a precise and practical way. The latest developments in diagnostic procedures and nutritional support are also included. Written by a group of international experts, this volume is an indispensable new reference for clinicians with an interest in the nutrition and health of pregnant mothers and their infants.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Saskia de Pee
Publisher: Humana Press
ISBN: 3319437399
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 838
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Book Description
This third edition reviews the epidemiology, policies, programs and outcome indicators that are used to determine improvements in nutrition and health that lead to development. This greatly expanded third edition provides policy makers, nutritionists, students, scientists, and professionals with the most recent and up-to-date knowledge regarding major health and nutritional problems in developing countries. Policies and programs that address the social and economic determinants of nutrition and health are now gaining in importance as methods to improve the status of the most vulnerable people in the world. This volume provides the most current research and strategies so that policy makers, program managers, researchers and students have knowledge and resources that they can use to advance methods for improving the public’s health and the development of nations. The third edition of Nutrition and Health in Developing Countries takes on a new context where the word “developing” is now a verb and not an adjective.
Author: Donald Silverberg
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9535101382
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 483
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Book Description
This book provides an up- to- date summary of many advances in our understanding of anemia, including its causes and pathogenesis, methods of diagnosis, and the morbidity and mortality associated with it. Special attention is paid to the anemia of chronic disease. Nutritional causes of anemia, especially in developing countries, are discussed. Also presented are anemias related to pregnancy, the fetus and the newborn infant. Two common infections that cause anemia in developing countries, malaria and trypanosomiasis are discussed. The genetic diseases sickle cell disease and thalassemia are reviewed as are Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria, Fanconi anemia and some anemias caused by toxins. Thus this book provides a wide coverage of anemia which should be useful to those involved in many fields of anemia from basic researchers to epidemiologists to clinical practitioners.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030906029X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 222
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Book Description
Micronutrient malnutrition affects approximately 2 billion people worldwide. The adverse effects of micronutrient deficiencies are profound and include premature death, poor health, blindness, growth stunting, mental retardation, learning disabilities, and low work capacity. Preventing Micronutrient Deficiencies provides a conceptual framework based on past experience that will allow funders to tailor programs to existing regional/country capabilities and to incorporate within these programs the capacity to address multiple strategies (i.e., supplementation/fortification/food-based approaches/public health measures) and multiple micronutrient deficiencies. The book does not offer recommendations on how to alleviate specific micronutrient deficienciesâ€"such recommendations are already available through the publications of diverse organizations, including the U.S. Agency for International Development, the Micronutrient Initiative, World Bank, United Nations Childrens' Fund, and the World Health Organization. Instead, this volume examines key elements in the design and implementation of micronutrient interventions, including such issues as: The importance of iron, vitamin A, and iodine to health. Populations at risk for micronutrient deficiency. Options for successful interventions and their cost. The feasibility of involving societal sectors in the planning and implementation of interventions. Characteristics of successful interventions. The book also contains three in-depth background papers that address the prevention of deficiencies of iron, vitamin A, and iodine.
Author: Majid Ezzati
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9241580313
Category : CD-ROMs
Languages : en
Pages : 2282
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Book Description
Provides a comprehensive assessment of the scientific evidence on prevalence and the resulting health effects of a range of exposures that are know to be hazardous to human health, including childhood and maternal undernutrition, nutritional and physiological risk factors for adult health, addictive substances, sexual and reproductive health risks, and risks in the physical environments of households and communities, as well as among workers. This book is the culmination of over four years of scientific equiry and data collection, know as the comparative risk assessment (CRA) project.
