Ecological and Evolutionary Responses to Landscape Structure PDF Download
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Author: Peter John Fauley Hancock
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Peter John Fauley Hancock
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: John A. Bissonette
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387454454
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 288
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Book Description
In this book, the authors discuss the effects that temporal changes in resources have on animal populations. The chapters address the idea of current as well as historical temporal influences on resource availability, quality, and distribution. The authors draw attention to the neglected temporal issues so important to understanding species and community responses. International contributions enable worldwide application of the theories.
Author: David G. Green
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030467732
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 262
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Book Description
This book examines key concepts and analytical approaches in complexity theory as it applies to landscape ecology, including complex networks, connectivity, criticality, feedback, and self-organisation. It then reviews the ways that these ideas have led to new insights into the nature of ecosystems and the role of processes in landscapes. The updated edition explores innovations in ecotechnology, including automated monitoring, big data, simulation and machine learning, and shows how they are revolutionizing ecology by making it possible to deal more effectively with complexity. Addressing the topic in a progression of ideas from small to large, and from simple to sophisticated, the book examines the implications of complexity for major environmental issues of our time, particularly the urgencies of climate change and loss of biodiversity. Understanding ecological complexity is crucial in today’s globalized and interconnected world. Successful management of the world’s ecosystems must combine models of ecosystem complexity with biodiversity, environmental, geographic, and socioeconomic data. The book examines the impact of humans on landscapes and ecosystems, as well as efforts to embed sustainability, commerce and industrial development in the larger context of ecosystem services and ecological economics. Well-established as researchers in the field, the authors provide a new perspective on current and future understanding of complexity in landscape ecology. The new edition offers a non-technical account of the topic, so it is both accessible and informative for general readers. For students of ecology, it provides a fresh approach to classical ideas.
Author: Cang Hui
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319921509
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 94
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Book Description
Ecology studies biodiversity in its variety and complexity. It describes how species distribute and perform in response to environmental changes. Ecological processes and structures are highly complex and adaptive. In order to quantify emerging ecological patterns and investigate their hidden mechanisms, we need to rely on the simplicity of mathematical language. Ecological patterns are emerging structures observed in populations, communities and ecosystems. Elucidating drivers behind ecological patterns can greatly improve our knowledge of how ecosystems assemble, function and respond to change and perturbation. Mathematical ecology has, thus, become an important interdisciplinary research field that can provide answers to complex global issues, such as climate change and biological invasions. The aim of this book is to (i) introduce key concepts in ecology and evolution, (ii) explain classic and recent important mathematical models for investigating ecological and evolutionary dynamics, and (iii) provide real examples in ecology/biology/environmental sciences that have used these models to address relevant issues. Readers are exposed to the key concepts, frameworks, and terminology in the studies of ecology and evolution, which will enable them to ask the correct and relevant research questions, and frame the questions using appropriate mathematical models.
Author: Jonathan D. Phillips
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128232498
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 358
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Book Description
Landscape Evolution: Landforms, Ecosystems and Soils asks us to think holistically, to look for the interactions between the Earth's component surface systems, to consider how universal laws and historical and geographical contingency work together, and to ponder the implications of nonlinear dynamics in landscapes, ecosystems, and soils. Development, evolution, landforms, topography, soils, ecosystems, and hydrological systems are inextricably intertwined. While empirical studies increasingly incorporate these interactions, theories and conceptual frameworks addressing landforms, soils, and ecosystems are pursued largely independently. This is partly due to different academic disciplines, traditions, and lexicons involved, and partly due to the disparate time scales sometimes encountered. Landscape Evolution explicitly synthesizes and integrates these theories and threads of inquiry, arguing that all are guided by a general principle of efficiency selection. A key theme is that evolutionary trends are probabilistic, emergent outcomes of efficiency selection rather than purported goal functions. This interdisciplinary reference will be useful for academic and research scientists across the Earth sciences. - Serves as a primary theoretical resource on landscape evolution, Earth surface system development, and environmental responses to climate and land use change - Incorporates key ideas on geomorphic, soil, hydrologic, and ecosystem evolution and responses in a single book - Includes case studies to provide real-world examples of evolving landscapes
Author: Sharon K. Collinge
Publisher: JHU Press
ISBN: 0801891388
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 358
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Book Description
Ask airline passengers what they see as they gaze out the window, and they will describe a fragmented landscape: a patchwork of desert, woodlands, farmlands, and developed neighborhoods. Once-contiguous forests are now subdivided; tallgrass prairies that extended for thousands of miles are now crisscrossed by highways and byways. Whether the result of naturally occurring environmental changes or the product of seemingly unchecked human development, fractured lands significantly impact the planet’s biological diversity. In Ecology of Fragmented Landscapes, Sharon K. Collinge defines fragmentation, explains its various causes, and suggests ways that we can put our lands back together. Researchers have been studying the ecological effects of dismantling nature for decades. In this book, Collinge evaluates this body of research, expertly synthesizing all that is known about the ecology of fragmented landscapes. Expanding on the traditional coverage of this topic, Collinge also discusses disease ecology, restoration, conservation, and planning. Not since Richard T. T. Forman's classic Land Mosaics has there been a more comprehensive examination of landscape fragmentation. Ecology of Fragmented Landscapes is critical reading for ecologists, conservation biologists, and students alike.
Author: Matthew V. Talluto
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781303118531
Category : Cones (Botany)
Languages : en
Pages : 81
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Book Description
Recent work in model systems has demonstrated significant effects of rapid evolutionary change on ecological processes (eco-evolutionary dynamics). However, few studies have addressed whether eco-evolutionary dynamics structure natural ecosystems. I investigated landscape scale variation in the frequency of serotiny in Rocky Mountain lodgepole pine ( Pinus contorta subsp. latifolia ), a widespread species in which postfire seedling density and ecosystem structure are largely determined by serotiny. Serotiny, the retention of mature seeds in cones in a canopy seed bank, is a heritable trait that is an adaptation to stand-replacing fire. Less attention has been paid to the potential selective effects of seed predation on serotiny. For lodgepole pine, seed losses due to pre-dispersal seed predation by the American red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus ) can be extreme. Furthermore, serotinous cones are more exposed to pre-dispersal predation than non-serotinous cones, suggesting the potential for selection against serotiny. I hypothesized that spatial variation in serotiny in lodgepole pine forests results from variation in conflicting directional selection from fire and seed predation. I present data from the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem showing that serotiny is uncommon where fire return intervals are long (ca. 280-310 years) but is of variable frequency where fire return intervals are shorter (ca. 135-185 years), and that much of this variance is explained by variation in the intensity of seed predation. I also show that seed predation rates of serotinous cones are higher than those of non-serotinous cones, indicating selection against serotiny from seed predators. Finally, I use simulation modeling to show that the predation rates I report exert strong selection against serotiny and could produce the patterns observed in the field. These results suggest that contemporary patterns in serotiny reflect evolution in response to conflicting selection pressures from fire and seed predation. Consequently, spatial patterns in ecosystem structure and function in lodgepole pine forests likely result from an eco-evolutionary dynamic driven by spatial variation in two opposing selective forces.
Author: Zev Naveh
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402044224
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 428
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Book Description
Capitalizing on forty years of intensive ecological studies, this anthology presents a collection of widely dispersed major publications on theoretical and practical Mediterranean, global environmental and landscape issues. Each chapter features a comprehensive study of ecological and landscape issues, synthesized in the introduction, and woven with autobiographical experiences. The concluding chapter calls for a transdisciplinary shift in all environmental scientific fields and particularly in landscape and restoration ecology, to cope with the complex, closely interwoven ecological, socio-economical, political and cultural crises facing human society during the present crucial transition from the industrial to the post-industrial, global information age. Updating and broadening the scope of the groundbreaking Springer book on Landscape Theory and Applications by the author and Lieberman (1994), this is a unique transdisciplinary attempt based on advanced systems complexity theories, which link the natural and human sciences.
Author: Robert J. Naiman
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080470688
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 445
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Book Description
This book describes the underlying water conditions and geologies that support viable riparia, illustrates the ecological characteristics of riparia, and discusses how riparia are used by human cultures as well as how riparia can be used to sustain environmental quality. In recent years riparian management has been widely implemented as a means of improving fisheries, water quality, and habitat for endangered species. This book provides the basic knowledge necessary to implement successful, long-term management and rehabilitation programs. - Treats riparian patterns & processes in a holistic perspective, from ecological components to societal activities - Contains over 130 illustrations and photos that summarize this complex ecological system - Synthesizes the information from more than 6,000 professional articles - Sidebars provide a look into ongoing research that is at the frontiers of riparian ecology and management
Author: Mary I. O’Connor
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889662926
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 254
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Book Description
This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
